2022年初一英语知识点.192

1、【学 习目标】一、 语音知识1. 2. 单词重读dinner kitchen shower people forget piano delicious review二、 词汇 1. 1-6单元黑体字 单词 2. 词组what about=how about 怎么样(认为如何fall asleep=be asleep 入睡eat up 吃光go to bed 上床睡 觉watch tv 看电视only child 独生子、独生女wash the dishes 洗盘子at school/home/work 在学校 / 家/ 工作go up 起床live with sb. 和某人住在一起三、日常用语

2、1. whats your name? my name is mike.2. are you happy? yes, i am./no, im not.3. whats your favorite subject? my favorite subject is english.4. do you like sports? yes, i do./no, i dont.四、 语法1. 词类:名词、冠词、形容词、副 词2. 比较等级精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p

3、 d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -【知 识讲解】1. 名词 表示人或事物的名称 ,如boy, clock, book, tree。总的说来,名词分为专有名词和普通名 词两大类。专有名词是个别的人、事物、地点等专有的名称 ,如:jim, china专有名词的第一个字母要大写 ,如:beijing, new york 名词按其所表示的事物的性 质分为可数名 词和不可数名 词。可数名 词:可以用数目 计算,有单数和复数两种形式 ,如:an apple, two apples, a car, some cars

4、不可数名 词:一般无法用数目 计算,没有复数形式 ,且不用不定冠 词a/an 修饰,如:water, milk, meat, tea, bread, rice 单数名词变复数名 词的规则如下表 :注: 少数名 词的复数是不 规则的,如:man men woman womenchild children 表示民族的名 词,有的在 词尾加s ,如:an american three americans 有的单、复数形式相同,如:a chinese four chinese a sheepthree sheep a deer five deer2. 冠词冠词是一种虚 词,不能单独使用 ,只能和一个名

5、 词一起使用 ,并帮助 说明此名 词。冠词有精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -两类,即定冠 词the 和不定冠 词a/an。 不定冠 词常表示 “ 一” 的概念 ,有两种形式 :a和an。 a用在辅音音素开 头的单数可数名 词前,如:a book, a pen;an 用在元音音素开 头的名词前,如:an apple,an orange,

6、an egg。 定冠词the 常表示 “ 这个”“那个”“这些”“那些” 的概念 ,the在元音音素前 读,在辅音音素前 读,如:the moon, the evening 。eg. -do you have an english book? -yes, but the english book is broken. there is a chicken in the picture. we cant see the sun at night. the browns are going to the park this sunday. shanghai is in the east of ch

7、ina.3. 形容词用来修 饰名词,表示人或事物的特征 ,在句中可以作定 语、表 语、 宾语补 足语。如:its a sunny day today. lets go to the park.this book is good.its very nice of you to help us.常见形容词的同义词与近义词:large big 大的glad happy/pleased 高兴的clever bright 聪明的illsick 病fine well好的常见形容词的反义词和对应词 :精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 16

8、 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -bad(坏的good(好的big(大的small(小的poor(穷的rich(富的 busy(忙的free(空闲的dry(干的wet(湿的same( 相同的 different(不同的 empty(空的full( 满的cold(寒冷的 hot(热的open(开着的closed(关闭的4. 副词用来修 饰动词 、形容 词、其他副词或全句 ,在句中作状 语或表语。eg. now he is back in new

9、 york again.现在他又回到了 纽约。mike is a good student. he often does his homework carefully.副词一般分 为七大类: 时间副词:now, often, then, early, ago, before 地点副 词:here, there, out, above, up, down 方式副 词:hard, well, badly, fast, slowly 程度副 词:very, much, still, almost, too, so 疑问副词:how, when, why, where 关系副 词:when, wher

10、e, why 连接副词:now, where, whyoften 等表示 “ 频率” 的时间副词,总被放在句子中 间,又称“ 中置副 词” 。 这类副词有always (总是、 usually(通常、sometimes( 有时、 ever(曾经、 never(从不等。“ 中置” 规律:精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - 放在单个的be

11、动词之后; 放在单个实义动词 之前; 谓语动词为 多个词时,放在第一个助 动词或情态动词 之后。如:you are always late for school. 你总是上学 迟到。i usually go to school by bike.i never see that book.he often helps other students.he goes to work on foot sometimes.5. 比较等级在进行比较的时候,形容词和副词有原级、比 较级和最高 级三种形式。规则形容词和副词的比较级和最高 级加-er或-est。(1不规则变 化的形容 词和副词如下:good/w

12、ell betterbest bad wors worst(许多many/muchmoremost (几乎没有 littleless least(远的far fartherfarthest (老的,旧的old(2三种句型 原级句型:as+形容词/副词+as,表示“ 和一样”;否定句式 :not as/so +形容词/副词+as,表示“ 和不一样” 。精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页，

13、共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -eg. i think kate does just as well as ann.if you like the chicken, you may have as much as you can.i dont like the film. its not so interesting as that one. 比较级句型:a. 主语+谓语+比较级+than+其它,表示“ 较一些” 。eg. this city is more beautiful than that one.it is hotter today than yesterday.he

14、 is a much nicer worker.b. 比较级+and+比较级,more and more+原级,表示“ 越来越 ”,说明本身程度的改 变。eg. the worlds population is growing faster and faster.世界人口增 长得越来越快。more and more beautiful越来越漂亮c. the+比较级, the+比较级,表示“ 越就越”, 说明随着前 边条件的 变化,后边的结果也发生变化。eg. the more she eats, the fatter shell be. 她吃得越多就会越胖。the more, the bett

15、er. 越多越好。 最高级句型:精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -主语+谓语+(the形容词或副词的最高级+in/of注:最高级前一般要用 the,如:he is the most careful student.但在副 词最高级前the可以省去 ,如:he writes(themost carefully in his class.t

16、his kind of cake is the most delicious.i like english best.mike is the youngest in his class.he runs fastest.初一英 语上册专题重点动词一、 be动词1. 根据人称的不同 ,be动词有三种基本形式 ,分别为am,is和are。 am用于单数第一人称 (i;is用于单数第三人称 (he,she,it;are 用于第二人称和复数第一 ,二,三人称 (we, you,they。例:i am fifteen years old.我十五 岁了。you are my friend forever.你

17、永远是我的朋友。he is a hard-working student.他是一个刻苦努力的学生。the students are reading books in the classroom.精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -学生们都在教室里 读书。2. be 动词的否定形式直接在后面加 not.i am not fifteen ye

18、ars old.he is not a hard-working student.the students are not reading books in the classroom.3. 把be动词的肯定句 变成疑问则要直接把 动词be提到句首 ,变型如下 :are you fifteen years old?is he a hard-working student?are the students reading books in the classroom?二. 行为动词1. match v. 相称;匹配 match. . . with. . .e. g. match the word

19、s with the pictures,please.请把单词和图画相搭配。2. practise v. 练习practise doing sth. 练习做。e. g. he practices speaking english every day.他每天都 练习读 英语。3. welcome v. 欢迎.精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - -

20、 - welcome sb. to sp.e. g. please welcome betty and tony to our school.欢迎贝蒂和托尼来我 们学校。4. invite v. 邀请 invite sb. to do sth.e.g. tom invites me to go to the concert with him on saturday.汤姆邀请我跟他周六一起去参加音乐会。 invite sb. to sp.e. g. daming invites t ony to the cinema.大明邀 请托尼去看 电影。 invitation(n. send an inv

21、itation to sb. 对某人发出邀请5. ask v. 请求 ask sb. to do sth.e. g. tony asks daming to go to a basketball match.托尼叫大明一起去看 篮球赛。6. have v. 有 have lessons 上课 have a rest 休息精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 16 页 - - - -

22、- - - - - have a look at sth. 看看. have dinner 吃饭 have a good time 玩的开心 have a break 课间休息 have a party 举办聚会e. g. we have three lessons in the morning.我们早上有三 节课。at eleven oclock,we have a break and i talk with my friends.11点我们课间 休息,我和我的朋友 们聊天。in the evening,we watch tv and have dinner. i do my homewor

23、k and go to bed at ten oclock.晚上,我们看电视并且吃晚 饭。我做作业然后十点上床睡 觉。7. send v. 发送 send sb sth(send sth. to sb. e. g. we usually send him a birthday card.我们经常送给他一张生日卡片。8. make v. 制作。 make sth. for sb.e. g. and we often make a cake for his birthday.精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 16 页 - -

24、- - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -我们经常为他的生日做一个生日蛋糕。 make travel plans on the internete. g. do you often make travel plans on the internet?你们经常在网上制定旅游 计划么? make a trip to the zooe. g. lets make a trip to the zoo.让我们一起去 动物园吧。9. like v. 喜欢 like doin

25、g sth.e. g. damings uncle likes reading and he reads a lot of books.大明的叔叔喜 欢阅读 ,并且他 经常读很多书。 would like sth/to do sth.e. g. would you like to go to the cinema with betty and me?你愿意跟我和 贝蒂一起去 电影院么 ?would you like some tea?你想来点茶叶么 ?10. talk v. 谈话 talk to (with sb.e. g. i often talk to my friends on the

26、phone.精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -我经常跟我的朋友打 电话。 talk about sth.e. g. i often talk about our favorite singers with my best friends after school.我经常在课后跟我最要好的朋友 们谈论 我们喜欢的歌星。11. stay

27、 v. 停留 stay at homee. g. lets stay at home and watch tv.让我们留在家里看 电视。 stay healthye. g. mr. and mrs. brown do lots of sports and stay healthy.布朗先生和布朗太太做很多运动,保持健康。12. visit v. 参观 visit sb/sp.e. g. welcome to beijing zoo. sixteen thousand people visit it every year.欢迎来到北京 动物园。每年有16000人在此参 观。三. 情态动词 can

28、情态动词 特点:1后面加 动词原型。2否定句和疑 问句不需要借助助 动词构成。精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 12 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 12 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -e. g. i can play basketball. can you?我会打 篮球,你会么 ?that cant be our teacher:our teacher is in her office right no

29、w.那不会是我 们老师,我们的老师现在正在 办公室呢。动词练习一. 用适当的介 词填空。1. can you match the words _ the pictures?2. lets welcome the foreign friends _ our country.3. i want to invite my sister _ my home.4. lets have a party and i will send lots of invitations _ my friends.5. can i have a look _ your new watch?6. its fathers d

30、ay tomorrow, and i will send a present _ my father.7. can you make a cake _ me?8. my parents always buy a birthday cake _ me _ my birthday.9. she usually buys cd _ her favorite singers.10. i often talk _ my mother on the phone.11. lets stay _ home and watch tv.12. i usually download music _ the inte

31、rnet.13. i am a writer and i write my novels _ my computers.精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 13 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 13 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -14. i listen _ music every day.15. the polar bear comes _ the arctic.16. he often writes _

32、 his friends.17. every day i often talk_ my parents_ the interesting things in school.18. on my birthday, i get lots of presents _ my family and friends.19. who switch_ the lights? its so dark in the room, let me switch them二、用所给动词 适当形式填空。1. daming _ (be in class two.2. lingling and daming _ (be goo

33、d friends.3. lingling with daming _ (be at school now.4. he can _ (speak english.5. we can _ (play basketball and _ (swim.6. tony _ (ride a bike to school every day.7. lucy and lily sometimes _ (do their homework at school.8. i want _ (invite lily _ (seea film with me after class.9. i ask my mother

34、_ (choose a book for me.10. what about _ ( have a birthday party?11. he likes _ (play computer games and _ (play cards at weekends.12. let lingling _ (watch tv with me, please.精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 14 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 14

35、页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - -13. how about_ (go swimming on sunday?14. i would like _ (have dinner with you tomorrow. 15. lets go and _ (see a panda. 三、时态填空。 1. we often _ (play in the playground. 2. he _ (get up at six oclock. 3. _ you _ (brush your teeth every morning. 4. what _ (do he usually_ (do a

36、fter school? 5. danny _ (study english, chinese, maths, science and art at school. 6. mike sometimes _ (go to the park with his sister. 7. at eight at night, she _ (watch tv with his parents. 8. _ mike _ (read english every day? 9. how many lessons _ your classmate _ (have on monday? 10. what time _

37、 his mother _ (do the housework? 四. 按要求修改句子。 1. do you often play basketball after school? ( 肯定回答 2. i have a lot of books. (改为否定句 3. bettys mother likes playing table tennis. ( 改为否定句 4. she lives in a town near new york. (改为一般疑 问句 5. i watch tv every day. (改为一般疑 问句 6. tom has got a goal. ( 改为一般疑 问句 7. we have chinese lessons in the afternoon. (否定句 8. nancy doesnt run fast. (