初中英语复合句学案

1、初中英语复合句复习学案复习目标：1 The Object Clause (宾语从句 )、 The Adverbial Clause (状语从句 ) 和 The Attributive Clause (定语从句 )。2 能灵活运用各个复合句。【课内探究 】 . The Object Clause (宾语从句 )A1.that 的省略：that引导的宾语从句用来陈述事实，that 本身无词义，在从句中不作任何成分，在口语中或非正式文体中常常可被省略。e.g. I m afraidyou ll have to wait.2.宾语从句的否定转移：主句是I/We think/suppose/guess/

2、believe等时，从句中的否定习惯上要转移到主句中。误： I think chickens can not swim.正：此外，上述情况在变成反意疑问句时，附加疑问句要看从句，如果主句的主语不是第一人称，则附加疑问句要看主句。试比较：I think he is wrong, _?He thinks he is right, _?B) Introduced by if/whetherif/whether 都可作宾语从句的引导词，意为“是否 ”，在一般情况下可以互换。 if 多用于口语和非正式文体中，whether 则多用于比较正式的文体中。如She asked me_ I could help

3、 her with her English.Note: 只用 whether 的六种情况：1. 在带 to 的动词不定式前 2. 在介词后3.直接与 or not 连用时 4.在动词 discuss 后面的宾语从句中 5. 宾语从句提前时只能用whether 6 引导位于句首的主语从句或表语从句用 whether用 if 或 whether 填空He doesn t know_to go to the cinema or to watch TV at home.I m thinking ofwe should go fishing.I don t know_ or not they will

4、come to help us.We discussed _would have a sports meeting next week._this is true or not, I can t say._ he is right or wrong is a question.C) Introduced by relative pronouns and adverbs （连接代词和连接副词）难点：1 误：Do you know how old is she?正：2 误： She didn t tell me when she lwilcome. 正：转换： 由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句可

5、用疑问代词和疑问副词动词不定式替代，进行句型上的转换。Could you tell me how I can get to the post office? =宾语从句中考题练兵一、单项选择() 1. I don t think he will come here on time,? (2011 重庆 )A. won t he B. will heC. does heD. is he() 2.Will you please tell me _? (2012 上海 )A. where Pudong Airport isB. how far Pudong Airport wasC. how can

6、 we get to Pudong AirportD. when was Pudong Airport built() 3.It s not polite to ask people_in England. (2011 常州 )A. how much money you have gotB. what the weather is likeC. what your city looks likeD. how old are you() 4.I wonder if he_ tonight. If he _ , I ll let you know2012.( 扬州 )A. will come; w

7、ill comeB. comes; comesC. will come; comesD. comes; will come()5. What did your PE teacher say about your high jump at the sports meeting?He said that I _ better.A. can doB. amC. will doD. could do二、按要求改写句子1. “ Do you want to try something new?” Tom s mother asked改为复him合句.( ,句意不变Tom s mother asked h

8、im _ to try something new.2Could you tell me the way to the station? ( 改写句子 ,句意不变 ) (2011 青岛 )Could you tell me _to the station?)3. “ I have finished my homework.” John改told为复me合.句( ,句意不变 ) (2012 天津 )John told me that _homework.4 I don t how I can reach the zoo改.(为简单句 ) (2011 宿迁 )I don t know_ the z

9、oo.5“Does light travel faster than sound? ” Tom asked. (改为复合句 )Tom asked _ _ _ _ _ _. . The Adverbial Clause (状语从句 )状语从句是副词性从句，其句法功能是修饰谓语或整个句子等，在句中作状语，通常由从属连词引导。A)The Adverbial Clause of Time (时间状语从句)Note:在时间状语从句中，主句和从句之间的时态应按下列规律确定。1) 主句一般将来时，从句用一般现在时：从句用一般现在时：2) 主句含有情态动词，从句用一般现在时：4) 主句为一般过去时，从句也用过

10、去时态：3) 主句为祈使句时，B)The Adverbial Clause of Condition (条件状语从句)1) 条件状语从句通常由if 或 unless(=ifnot) 引导，从句中常用一般时代替将来时，即if或 unless 后的句子谓语用一般现在时或一般过去时。但是，主句则通常用将来时，情态动词或祈使句。2) If 条件句的替代形式：（ 1）祈使句 + and/or + 陈述句（谓语动词通常用将来时态） 。其中， and 表示句意顺承； or 表示转折，意为 “否则 ”。e.g. If you work hard, you ll pass the exam easily. =（

11、 2）用介词 with, without 的替代形式：e.g. If there is no water, the fish may die.=_.状语从句中考题练兵：一、单项选择() 1. Somebody rang me up just now, but he hung up _ I could answer the phone.(无锡 2011)A. whenB. untilC. beforeD. since() 2. Mr Smith usually reads a newspaper_ he s waiting for the bus.2012(徐州 )A. ifB. theC. b

12、ecauseD. while() 3. You must leave here now _ your mother can get some more rest. (2011 常州 )A. becauseB. thoughC. so thatD. so() 4. The meeting is _ important that you m ustn t miss it2011.( 盐城 )A. veryB. suchC. soD. too() 5. I m going to the supermarket.- _ you are there, would you please buy me so

13、me vegetables? (2012 镇江 )A. IfB. BecauseC. WhileD. After二、同义句改写1. Wherever he is, he can make himself at home. (2011 广州 )_ he is, he can make himself at home.2Miss Smith left here after the rain stopped. (2012淮安 )Miss Smith _ leave here _the rain stopped.3Tom was too happy to get to sleep. (2009 大连

14、)Tom was _ happy _ he couldnt.4If you don thurry up , you will be late .( 2011南京 )_, or you _.5 Get off the bus when the driver tells you. （ 2012 宁夏）Don t get off the bus _ you _. . The Attributive Clause (定语从句 )引导定语从句的关系代词 that 和 which ，在一般情况下，尽管可以互换使用，但在下列情况下，只能用 that，而不用 which ：1.先行词是复合不定代词 every

15、thing, anything, nothing等时。2.先行词被序数词或 the last 修饰时。3. 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。4. 先行词被 the only, the very, the same 等修饰时。5. 先行词是或被all, no, some, any, little, much 等修饰时6. 先行词既包含人又包含物时。7. 主句是以 who, which 引导的特殊疑问句时。只能用 which 不能用 that 的情况：1.在非限制性定语从句中只能使用关系词which ，不能使用关系词 that2.在 “介词 +关系代词 ”引导的定语从句中，只能使用关系词which ，

16、不能使用 that定语从句中考题练兵：一、单项选择() 1. The number of people _ lost homes reached as many as 250,000.A. whichB. whoC. whomD. /() 2. This is the most beautiful part _I have _ visited.A. which; everB. that; never C. which; yetD. that; ever() 3. My necklace is not the only thing_ is missing.A. thatB. whichC. wh

17、atD. /() 4. We re talking about Tonny,_you met yesterday.A. with whoB. whomC. whichD. that() 5. Is this the very museum _ some Japanese visitors visited last Wednesday?A. oneB. whereC. thatD. which() 6. The book_cover is red i s Tom s.A. whichB. thatC. /D. whose()7 Is that the novel about_ they talk

18、ed in class yesterday?A. whichB. thatC. whoD. /【收获平台 】_ 。【巩固检测】一、单项选择()1 Tom will call me as soon as he _ home.（ 2010 北京）A getsB has gotC gotD will get()2 I m leaving now. _ you turn off the lights. （ 2010 浙江杭州）(A. To make sureB. Make sureC. Made sureD. Making sure 、)3. -Shall I tell Bob the news?-N

19、o, you _. I ve told him already.A. shouldn tB. wouldn tC. mustntD. neednt()4.We won tstart the meeting _ our teacher arrives. （ 2010 天津）A thoughB untilC whileD or)5.He wanted to know _ the English party.（ 2010 天津）A when will we haveB when we will haveC when would we haveD when we should have)6.Jamie

20、 is a young cook _ wants to improve school dinners.A whoB whoseC whomD which()7.We will have no water to drink _ we don t protect the earthA untilB beforeC thoughD if)8.I want to know _ （ 2010 上海）A when we should arrive at the airportB when should we arrive at the airportC when the airport we should

21、 arrive atD when the airport should we arrive at)9. -Another cup of coffee?-No, thanks. I _ be off. Mary is waiting for me.A. canB. mayC. mustD, might)10.-David, look at the man in white over there. Can you tell me _? He is a doctor. （ 2010 重庆）A Who is he B who he is C what is he D what he is 二、用括号内

22、所给动词的适当形式填空。1. I don t think the watch will _ (mend) well in 2 days.2. She said that the sun _ (be) brighter than the moon.3. I will take back what I _ (say).4. I wanted to know if he _ (can) mend the car.5. Tom told his boss that he _ (finish) the work well if he _ (give) another chance.【课后提升 】一、把下

23、列句子变成反意疑问句。1. I m as tall as your sister, _?2. I wish to have a word with you, _?3.The Swede made no answer, _?4. Some plants never blown, _?5.We have to get there at eight tomorrow, _?二、完型填空Some people believe that dreams can tell them what will happen in the future.1knowswhy this is so, but there

24、are many stories about people who had dreams that came true. One ofthese people was a man2John Chapman, who lived in Swaffham in England manyyears ago.John Chapman dreamt that he was standing on London Bridge and a man told him how to become rich. John Chapman was a poor man and he needed 3 , so the

25、 next day he decided to leave for London. It was 100 miles from Swaffham to London. He walked for a fewdays and at last he 4 London Bridge. There were many people on the bridge, but they weren t 5 in John Chapman. No one 6 him. After three days, John Chapman decided to go home, 7 before he could do this, a shopkeeper came up to him. “I ve been watching you, ” he said. “Are you 8 someone?”“Yes,” said John. “ I had a dream about a man here. He would help me to get muchmoney.”“Oh,” said the shopkeeper. “ You shouldn t believe in dreams.9I believe indreams, I