完型填空解题技能及答案解析

1、* *高中英语专题讲解-完形填空解题技巧一、完型填空试题主要特点：1 .通常从一篇250词左右，夹叙夹议的文章中设空 20个，首句不挖空做完形填空时要注意 文章开头提示句的点题作用和短文中完整句的启示作用；2 .考点层次可分为四类：单词层次，词组层次，句子层次与语篇层次，突出语篇的理解，突 出文化背景；3 .干扰项设计严密，一般说来，四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴，干扰项填入后 在语法上并不存在错误，对考生有很大的迷惑作用。二、完形填空的解题思路：1句子理解考查单句语境中词语运用2上下文理解考查并列句及复合句语境中词语的运用3段落理解围绕段落主旨的段落语境中词语的运用4文章中心理解一围

2、绕文章中心的文章整体语境中词语运用三、为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较多 ？1 .没有严格遵循答题步骤：多数同学考试时担心时间紧，在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到 15-18分钟.切记:一定要用2-3分钟时间进行缺词阅读，弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空2 .不注意积累答题技巧：a.忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系；b.遇到长句不注意分析句子结构，在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择.四、完型填空考查内容1 .语篇信息词汇手段：复现同现语法手段：替代省略语法项目逻辑手段：顺序关系 并列关系 分指关系 转折关系 解释关系 因果关系2

3、.语篇结构（语境理解）词汇 1.原词复现All of a sudden I started to feel rather _1_.She wondered why I was looking for this sort of_2.I felt even more hopeless when she told me that it would be difficult to get a job withoutexperience.1. A. encouraged B. dissatisfied C. hopeless D. pleased C2. A. place B. job C. advic

4、e D. help B Every student must wear their 1 when they are at school. There are 2 items ofuniforms : suits , dresses , shorts , skirts and T-shirts. There are also Wasley schoolbags, capsand socks.1. A. long hair B. thick glasses C. sports shoes D. school uniforms D2. A. muchB. threeC. manyD. a lot C

5、My sister and I grew up in a little village in England. Our father was a struggling 1 , but Ialways knew he was2. he never criticized us ,but used praise to bring out ourbest father said: "when I was 23, my dad persuaded me to go into law".1. A. biologist B. manager C. lawyer D. gardener C

6、2. A. strict B. honest C. special D. learned C If he could replace his great pain with a feeling of love for others, then I should be to giveup my small irritation（ 恼火）.A. ready B. likely C. free D. able D©Students generally appreciate these special learning opportunities . They are almost alwa

7、ys fun and interesting , and professors them too because students learn so much in just a fewshort months. A. holdB. likeC. dislike D. discover B At the table next to mine sat an attractive,couple, waiting for service.A. lonely B. curious C. well-dressed D. bad-tempered C The next day Jenna went to

8、see Mrs. Biden about being on the school. Mrs. Biden wasn 't as enthusiastic as Jenna. T m sorry, but we have enough writer for the newspaper already.A.committee B. newspaper C. radio D. team B 原词重现 I went to Wasley College with Winnic today. Wasley is a large, old 1. It has threebranch campuses

9、（分校）： Clunes , Glen Waverly and Elasterwick. It has a primary school, a2 school and a senior school. So there are twelve grades of 3 studying there.1. A. schoolB. factoryC. movieD. hospital A2. A. nightB. juniorC. highD. spare-time B3. A. workersB. boysC. studentsD. teachers CGarth ' s e-mail wa

10、s short, but I learned more from thatmessage than I ever did froma textbook.A. accurate B.urgent C. brief D. humorous C 同义词、近义词复现 ©Before setting out, I told Barrett this trip would be tiring and.A. rough B. dirty C. anxious D. violent A? Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some pl

11、aces it is veryA. deepB. highC. coldD. dangerous A? The correct water supply forecast is based more on the water from the than from thebelow. A. cloudsB. skyC. airD. above D? When we look at it as a whole, we begin to have some,which even the bestguide-books do not answer.A. ideas B. opinions C. fee

12、lings D. questionsD? But then again , would there be a chair in Room 316? Or would it be a (n) room ?A. small B. empty C. new D. neat B2.词语的习惯用法和固定搭配 Here ' s a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himself so much money.A. forB. byC. toD. of CWe can see there is a lot of sleeping on the

13、 bus or train on the home from work in theevenings. A.way B. track C. path D. road A.way根据搭配确定词汇 Leaning back, she her feet onto the sofa to get comfortable.A. shook B. put C. bent D. keptB. put put o o o onto 把。放在/搁在。根据词义辨析确定词汇 There are many different ways of seeing a town for the first time. One

14、of them is to walk around it, guide-book hand. A. in B. at C. by D. on A 3.根据词汇的意义及用法辨析词义 Cassie looked at me, and her glare . I laughed, She smiled A. returnedB. remained C. increased D. softened D I knew she had strict sleeping habits, but I thought she ought to be able to some of thisstrictness.

15、A. put up B. take up C. pick up D. give upD Soon I heard a like that of a door burst in and then a climb of feet.A. soundB. cryC. voiceD. shout A When the papers were she discovered that twelve boys had made exactlyA. examined B. completedC. markedD. answered C4.根据生活常识及文化背景知识进行选择©(Immediately )

16、 the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the hospital.A. animalB. biggestC. plantD. nearest D It was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly, heading towards their 1_. This was the beginning of another 2_day in New York City.1. A. jobs B. homesC.

17、buses D. offices2. A. working B. hot C. same D. ordinaryA. jobs 2 题答案是 D. ordinary I made my sandwich that afternoon while waiting for Cassie.the butter-cream gave me anidea. A. Spreading B. Boiling C. Baking D. Holding AAnd video cameras can be used to people ' s actions at home.A. keepB. makeC

18、. recordD. watch C句际关系1 .语法手段 省略 替代 语法项目The strange Dr had been loved by someone: he had given his life, as Charley for a cause he believed right.A. / B.had been C. had D.had done C 省略2 .逻辑手段：分指关系，转折关系，因果关系，解释关系，顺序关系，并列关系 A formal letter is very different from an informal letter. Formal letters 1 to

19、 businessesschools or government offices.2 letters are for relatives , or former （以前的） teachers. and be taken to some, unfamiliar neighborhood.You may write an informal letter by hand,but you should 3 a formal letter.1. A. sendB. are writtenC. writeD. are dropped B2. A. InformalB. FormalC. Business

20、D. Relative A3. A. copyB. typeC. writeD. shareB It was a strange noise that made the man 1 his car soon after he left a village 2London. He got out of his car and 3 the wheels（车轮）carefully , but as he found nothing4 he continued his way.1.A. startB. stopC. slowD.speedB2.A. toB. forC. fromD. ofB3.A.

21、repairedB. examinedC. cleanedD. lookedB4.A. wrongB.dangerC. interesting D.matterA It has been many years since I was last in London still remember something thathappened during that visit. A. andB. for C. but D. asC She was small in figure but strong inA. brainB. wish C. will D. health C Although th

22、e happiest time for many students is getting letters from home, my mailbox wasfrequently. A. empty B. full C. closed D. open A根据连词（and, but, although） 确定选项。 Every morning I got on the school bus right near my home-that was no problem. After school, when all the buses were lined up along the street,

23、I was afraid that Id get on the wrong oneA. though B. yet C. although D. still A He appeared calm,inside his heart was beating wildly with fear.A. and B. or C. but D. otherwise C Mark knelt down and helped the boy picked up these articles.they were going the same way, he helped to carry some of them

24、 for him.A. Although B. since C. After D. UntilB since表由于，引导原因状语从句，although 让步状语从句，表转折，after引导时间状语从句. Think about it, while walking to work, we mark where we are by passing a certain building, why should we not mark where we are when we pass a familiar, though unnamed, person?A. BecauseB. If C. Alth

25、oughD. HoweverB. if假设关系. Jenna, a popular girl from Westwood Middle School, had graduated first in her class and was ready for new challenges in high school. , high school was different.A. Therefore B. However C. OtherwiseD. Besides B 转折关系? Neilson considers herself lucky she suffered injuries.A.and

26、 B.but C.though D.when C 让步关系? I realized strength and courage aren ' t always measured in medals and victories , but in the struggles we overcome（战胜）。 The strongest people are not always the people who win, the people who don ' t give up when they lose.A. orB. norC. andD. but D? First of al

27、l , I respected his devotion to teaching I admired the fact that he would talk to students outside the classroom or talkFinally , I was attracted by his lively sense ofC. HoweverD. Thereforehumor. （全国卷） A. LaterB. Secondly篇章结构（语境理解）在做完形填空时，我们要理清文章思路，把握作者的态度或思想感情，这对做好一篇完形有着不可估量的作用，否则可能导致几个空格的连续选填失误。T

28、here are so many wonderful stories about the in this dog, but my favorite is one thatcreated an image of how to what is needed without reserve.Tears sprung to my eyes as I witnessed this beautiful act of unconditional love form an animalwho taught us how to serve life with such grace.A. love B. plea

29、sure C. faith D. memory AA. gain B. abandon C. give D. get C文章主要讲我家的狗对它的朋友的爱和无私的给予给作者带来的震撼。巧用语境暗示线索解题有的空格根据所在句的句意或附近上下文的语境我们无法作出正确的选择，要想作出正确判断，同学们应特别注意空格前后所出现的相关词语，尤其注意找出其中重复出现的暗示性词语。如：Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of thehave made up their minds to r

30、ing the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest（抗议）againstheavy trucks which run day and night through the narrow High Street.（全国卷）A. collegeB. village C. town D. churchD完形填空正确答题步骤：跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破再读全文，反复检查精讲精练一When Sir Winston Churchill, the great British Prime Minister,

31、reached his eightieth birthday in November, 1954, he was presented with his portrait by a well-known modem artist, Graham SutherlanD . The painting had been ordered and paid for to1 the Grand Old Man of WorldWar n .Sir Winston and Lady Churchill were deeply moved by this2 of respect and affection. 3

32、of them, of course, allowed the others to see how much they both disliked the portrait."It makesme look 4 , which I am not! ” protested Churchill in private( 私下).5 , he only remarkedthat it was fine example of modern art. His friends smileD. It was known that Churchills didn't6 modern art.C

33、hurchill was so unhappy about the portrait that finally his wife had it7. Churchill died atninety in 1965. Land Churchill 8 him in 1977 . Shortly after her death, the public learnedwhat had happened to the9 , and a heated argument broke out. The painter was10saD . The artist community, shocked and11

34、, said that the destruction of the picture hadbeen a crime ( 罪行).Historians said that they regretted the disappearance of a(n)12document. All agreed that Churchills didn't have the13to do what they had done.Graham Sutherland had told Churchill that he would14him “as he saw him ” . Churchillnever

35、 had a chance to see the work in15 since the painter 16 to show it to him. Hefound out only 17 he received his present that Sutherland had seen him18 a heavy,sick, tired old man. Since he hated old age, he was naturally19.Who has the right to a work of art, the owner, the donor, or the artist who cr

36、eated it? Was the portrait a good one, as many(including the painter) said? Or was it bad as others thought? Noneof these questions have been answered yet to everybody's 20.1 .A . giveB. regardC. paintD. honour2.A . markB. pieceC. prizeD. trade3.A . NeitherB. BothC. EitherD. All4.A . wiseB. gent

37、leC. stupidD. happy5.A . FortunatelyB. ObviouslyC. Straight D.Publicly6.A . care forB. look likeC. turn downD . make up7.A . hiddenB. hungC. destroyedD. returned8.A . mournedB. missedC. followedD. buried9.A . paintingB. manC. womanD. artist10 .A. understandablyB. unexpectedlyC. unreasonablyD. unthin

38、kingly11 .A. afraidB. regretfulC. curiousD. angry12 .A. interestingB. colorfulC. expensiveD. historical13 .A. chanceB. rightC. powerD . courage14 .A. helpB. obeyC. paintD. show15 .A. progressB. placeC. needD. sight16 .A. agreedB. promisedC. refusedD. hated17 .A. untilB. whenC. beforeD . though18 .A.

39、 asB. toC. aboutD. for19 .A. movedB. worriedC. tiredD . hurt20 .A. surpriseB. disappointment C . delightD. satisfaction精讲精练二It was already late when we set out for the next town,J according to the map was aboutfifteen miles away on the other side of the2 .There we felt 3 that we would find a bed 4 t

40、he night. Darkness fell soon after we left the village, but luckily we met5 as we drove fast along the narrow winding road that6 the* *hills. As we climbed_7 , it became colder and rain began to fall,_8_ it difficult at times tosee the roaD . I asked John, my companion, to drive more9 .After we had

41、traveled for about twenty miles, there was still no sign of the town which was_10on the map. We were beginning to get11 . Then without warning the car stoppeD.A quick12 showed that we had run out of petrol（汽油）.Although we had little food with us, we decidedto 13 the night in the car.Our meal was soo

42、n over. I tried to go to sleep at once,14 John, who was a15 sleeper,got out of the car after a few minutes and went for a walk16 the hills. Soon he came back.From the top of the hill he had seen, in the valley below, the17 of the town we were lookingfor. We at once unloaded（卸）all our luggage（行李）and

43、witha great effort（努力）,18 to pushthe car to the top of the hill. Then we went back to the luggage, loaded the car again and set offdown the hill.19less than a quarter of an hour we were in the town, where we found a20_ quite easily.1 . A . whichB. itC. whereD. that2 . A . riversB. hillsC. townsD. vi

44、llages3 . A . surprisedB. afraidC. pleasedD. sure4 . A . atB. inC. throughD . for5 . A . everybodyB. somebodyC. nobodyD. anybody6 . A . got toB. arrivedC. led toD . belonged to7 . A . tallerB. higherC. lowerD. faster8 . A . gettingB. thinkingC. causingD. making9 . A . certainlyB. carefullyC. slowlyD

45、 . surely10. A. markedB. setC. builtD . drawn11. A. excitedB. worriedC. coldD. warm12 . A . attentionB. operationC. examinationD. information13 . A. spendB. liveC. spareD. stay14 . A . sinceB. thoughC. soD. but15 . A . quickB. fastC. poorD. heavy16 . A . acrossB. throughC. downD. up17. A. lightsB. mapC. busD . situation18 . A . oughtB. triedC. succeededD . managed19 . A. ForB. InC. SinceD. At20 A . policemanB. friendC. hotelD. cinema精讲精练参考答案及解析* *1 5 DAACD 610 ACCAA 1115 DDBCA 16 20 CBADD1 .选D。人们给他画像是为了向这位二战巨人表示敬意。2 .选A。trade表"交易"，此处用 mark表示"标记"，与 sign