大学英语精读第一册-unit-5-I-Never-Write-RightPPT课件

1、2021/7/241Linda StaffordI Never Write Right2021/7/242Content Background information Part division of the text Questions and answers Text analysis Words and expressions2021/7/243Background information About the author Chicken soup Grading System in the US Webster Dictionary2021/7/244Linda StaffordNam

2、e Year of birth Occupation Education Theme of her Works Linda Stafford 1943 a native American writer University of Alaska, 1969University of New Mexico, 1967University of Texas, 1966University of Colorado, 1961 hope, optimism, never giving up 2021/7/245Native AmericansThe first people to live in Nor

3、th America were the American Indians, or Native Americans.2021/7/246Linda Stafford (1943-) Linda Stafford is a native American writer. After birth she was abandoned by her mother and raised by her grandmother.She attended several universities during the 1960s. The Theme of her Works is hope, optimis

4、m, never giving up .2021/7/247 Crying Wind and My Searching Heart are two her autobiographical novels which base on her own experiences with poverty and prejudice, and her search to find herself. The two books have been translated into over a dozen foreign languages. All of her books have a message

5、of hope and not giving up, because things will get better. She likes to leave readers with a smile and a happy ending.2021/7/2482021/7/249Chicken Soup for the Soul Chicken Soup for the Soul is a series of books, usually featuring a collection of short stories. Short motivational essays are also feat

6、ured. The 101 stories in the first book of the series were compiled by motivational speakers Jack Canfield and Mark Victor Hansen.Volumes issued: Chicken Soup for the Pre-Teen Soul Chicken Soup for the Prisoners Soul Chicken Soup for the Volunteers Soul Chicken Soup for the Soul at Work 2021/7/24101

7、998 New York Times Business Bestseller! Over 1 Million copies sold worldwide! It is a collection of true stories from people in businesses, organizations, factories, schools and hospitals, who are not afraid to bring their soul to work. At times funny, touching, wise and inspiring, these tales show

8、the daily courage, compassion(同情，怜悯) and creativity that take place in workplaces everywhere. Chicken Soup for the Soul at Work is a rich resource for those of us who want a life-affirming(积极向上的，理智的) workplace. 2021/7/2411In many countries including the United States, grades are given on an A-F syst

9、em where A is best and F is worst. The letter E is typically omitted, since an F can be turned into an E by drawing a small line at the bottom of the letter, and because E traditionally stood for Excellent but would be very poor on an A-F system. An F grade is failing and results in denial of course

10、 credit, while a D is poor, but passing. Most U.S. colleges require grades of C or better in ones major, as well as a 2.0 (C) grade point average. A = excellent B = good C = average D = poor F = failure Grading System in the US The A-F system2021/7/2412Webster Dictionary In 1806, Noah Webster publis

11、hed his first dictionary. His great dictionary, An American Dictionary of the English Language, appeared in two volumes in 1828. This work included 12,000 words and 40,000 definitions that had never before appeared in a dictionary. 2021/7/2413 Born in West Hartford, Connecticut in 1758, Noah Webster

12、 came of age during the American Revolution and was a s t r o n g a d v o c a t e o f t h e Constitutional Convention（制宪会议）. He believed fervently（热忱地）（热忱地）in the developing cultural independence of the United States, a chief part of which was to be a distinctive American language with its own idiom

13、, pronunciation, and style. 2021/7/2414Part Division of the TextMain IdeaParasPart 11 526 15316 19The authors dream to be a writer.Difficulties and success she experienced in realizing her dream.The secret of her successful writing career.2021/7/2415 1. What did the author announce to the class? She

14、 was going to write and illustrate her own books. 2. How did the students react? Half of them fell out of their chair laughing 3. What did the English teacher say? Silly, not genius, D this semesterQuestions and Answers(1-2)2021/7/2416 1. How did I feel at that time? Embarrassed and burst into tears

15、. 2. Did I quit my dream of writing? No, a short sad poem about broken dreams and mailed it. 3. Was the poem published? Yes, and I got 2 dollars.Questions and Answers(3)2021/7/2417 1. How did I feel? And how did the teacher and students think of the published poem？ I was astonished and proud. The ot

16、hers laughed and the teacher said it was only plain dumb luck. 2. How did I think of her success? I had tasted it and I felt good. Actions speaks louder than words.Questions and Answers(3-5)2021/7/2418Questions and Answers(6-10) Why didnt she mention her writing to her teachers, friends and her fami

17、ly after she published something?Because in her mind, they are dream killers. If she had to choose between her friends and her dreams, shed like to choose her dreams.2. How did her new friend encourage her to write?By making her be self-confident.3. Did Linda find it easy to write a book when she li

18、ved on a farm in Oklahoma?No. She had a lot of daily household chores to do on the farm and it took her nine months to finish a book.2021/7/24194. What did Linda receive from the publisher a month after she sent the manuscript of her first book?She received a contract, an advance on royalties and a

19、request to start working on another book.5. Was her first book well received? How do you know?Yes. It was translated into 15 languages and sold worldwide. She appeared on TV show and traveled from New York to California and Canada on promotion tour, it even became required reading in Native American

20、 School in Canada.Questions and Answers(11-14)2021/7/24201. With what qualifications did I get success?No college learning experience, no degree, no qualification, no genius, not gifted, not write right, not disciplined, less time in writing.2. What did I use when I was writing?No thesaurus, small d

21、ictionary, electric typewriter, no word processor.Questions and Answers(16-19)2021/7/2421 How did I think of writing? Its fun, everyone can do it if he sets his mind on it.2021/7/2422 For paragraph 1 Half of the students nearly fell out of their chairs laughing. Translate the sentence. 一半同学大笑不止，差点从座

22、位上摔出去一半同学大笑不止，差点从座位上摔出去。2021/7/2423For paragraph 1. Grading System in the US The A-F System In many countries including the United States, grades are given on an A-F system where A is best and F is worst. The letter E is typically omitted, since an F can be turned into an E by drawing a small line a

23、t the bottom of the letter, and because E traditionally stood for Excellent. An F grade is failing, while a D is poor, but passing. Most U.S. colleges require grades of C or better in ones major.2021/7/2424 For paragraph 2 And you are getting a D this semester. 你这学期你这学期将会拿到一个将会拿到一个D。 How to understa

24、nd the present continuous tense （现在进行时）（现在进行时）in this sentence? 现在进行时用来表示计划将来发生的事情。现在进行时用来表示计划将来发生的事情。 More examples: 1.Were leaving on Tuesday. 2.Professor Smith is giving a lecture this afternoon.2021/7/2425 For paragraph 3 That night I wrote a short, sad poem about broken dreams 那天夜里，我写了一首短的哀伤的关于

25、我那天夜里，我写了一首短的哀伤的关于我破碎梦想破碎梦想的诗。的诗。 I was a published and paid writer! 我是一个我是一个出版过作品出版过作品并且并且拿到过稿费拿到过稿费的作家。的作家。 I had scrapbooks filled with my published work.（para. 6）（）（我发表过的作品）我发表过的作品） I tied a string around the diaper box and mailed it without a self-addressed stamped envelope.（para. 13）（）（一个写上自己地

26、址、贴上邮票一个写上自己地址、贴上邮票的信封）的信封）2021/7/2426For paragraph 6with a c-minus average平均分为平均分为C减减I had scrapbooks filled with my work. Analyze the structure of the sentence.过去分词短语过去分词短语作作后置后置定语修饰前面的名词定语修饰前面的名词scrapbooks 。贴满了我的作品的贴满了我的作品的剪贴簿。剪贴簿。One more example: Those elected as committee members will attend t

27、he meeting.那些被选为委员会成员那些被选为委员会成员的人将参加会议。的人将参加会议。2021/7/2427 For paragraph 7 But sometimes you do find a friend. 但有时候你但有时候你确实能找到确实能找到一个朋友一个朋友 助动词助动词do 可以用在动词之前来表示强调；可以用在动词之前来表示强调； 助动词助动词do也可以用在祈使句之前表示你想让某人做某事或接受也可以用在祈使句之前表示你想让某人做某事或接受某事物。某事物。 1) I do hope your dream to become a writer will come true.

28、2) It does require a great effort of will to give up smoking. 3) Do be more careful next time. 4) Now, then! Do stop that noise! 5) The young writer did get her novel finished in three weeks.2021/7/2428 For paragraph 11 It took nines months, just like a baby. Paraphrase the sentence. It took nine mo

29、nths to write my first book, just as it takes nine months to have a baby. 2. What does the sentence imply? It wasnt easy for me to write a book.2021/7/2429 For paragraph 12 The letter I enclosed read：“I write this book myself, and I hope you like it.” Translate the sentence. 我附上一封信，上面写道我附上一封信，上面写道：“

30、这本书是我自己写的，这本书是我自己写的，希望你喜欢它。希望你喜欢它。”2021/7/2430 For paragraph 13 I tied a string around the diaper box and mailed it without a self-addressed stamped envelope, and without making a copy of the manuscript. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 我用一根绳子扎好我用一根绳子扎好尿布盒尿布盒就把它寄了出去，就把它寄了出去，既没有附上既没有附上一个写好回信地址贴好邮

31、票的信封，也没有把手稿复印一个写好回信地址贴好邮票的信封，也没有把手稿复印一份。一份。 Why did the author do like this? The author didnt focus on publication. She just wrote for pleasure. When she mailed something, she didnt care whether it might be published or not.2021/7/2431 For paragraph 13 A month later I received a contract, an advance

32、 on royalties and a request to start working on another book. Translate the sentence.一个月以后，我收到一个月以后，我收到一份合同一份合同和和一笔预支的版税一笔预支的版税，他们，他们还还要求我动手写另外一本书。要求我动手写另外一本书。2021/7/2432 Paragraph 14. I travelled from New York to California and Canada on promotional tours. 为推销我的书为推销我的书，我到处旅行从纽约到加利，我到处旅行从纽约到加利福尼亚到加拿

33、大。福尼亚到加拿大。 My first book became required reading in Native American schools in Canada. 我的第一本书还成了我的第一本书还成了加拿大印第安人学校加拿大印第安人学校的的必读书必读书。2021/7/2433 For paragraph 16 People asked what college I attended, what degree I have, and what qualifications I have to be a writer. 人们问我人们问我上过什么大学上过什么大学，拿到过什么学位拿到过什么学

34、位，有什么有什么资格资格成为一个作家。成为一个作家。 I am not disciplined, either, and spend more time with my children and friends than I do wring. 我没有接受过正规训练我没有接受过正规训练，在朋友和孩子身上花的时，在朋友和孩子身上花的时间要比花在写作上的多。间要比花在写作上的多。2021/7/2434 illustrate: v. 说明，给说明，给插图插图 He quoted some old Chinese sayings to illustrate his points. 他引用了一些中国谚语

35、来解释他的论点. I can cite quite a few instances to illustrate. 可以举出好几件事来说明. This book is a beautifully illustrated history of science. 这本书是一本插图精美的科学史。 illustration n.2021/7/2435 embarrass: vt. vi （使）窘迫， （使）困难 I dont like making speeches in public; its so embarrassing. He didnt mean to embarrass you. 他不是成心

36、让你难堪. The Government has been embarrassed by the affair. 这件事给政府出了难题。 embarrassment n.2021/7/2436burst: v.1) (cause to) break suddenly, esp. by pressure from withinThe river burst its banks and flooded the town. 河水冲决了堤岸河水冲决了堤岸, 淹没了城镇。淹没了城镇。2) (cause to) come into the stated condition suddenly, often

37、with forceShe burst through the door into the room. 他从起跑线冲出。他从起跑线冲出。He burst away from the starting line.2021/7/2437NB: burst是个常用词，经常与其他词构成短语，下面是是个常用词，经常与其他词构成短语，下面是几个与几个与burst有关的短语。有关的短语。 burst intoburst out of be bursting withburst to do sth.burst in on (upon)burst out doing闯入；爆发成；突然闯入；爆发成；突然起来起来冲

38、出冲出充满；挤满充满；挤满急于急于打扰；打断打扰；打断突然开始突然开始2021/7/2438 dumb: adj. 哑的，愚蠢的 She was struck dumb by what she had seen. Are they brave or just dumb? dumb luck 偶然的运气；傻福 Collocation: deaf and dumb 聋哑的 play dumb 装聋作哑的 be dumb to do sth 做是傻的2021/7/2439latter adj. 后者的；后面的后者的；后面的He was happy in the latter years of lif

39、e. 他晚年生活得很幸福。Hell go to school in the latter part of the year. 后半年他将上学了。I prefer the former design to the latter.比起后者的设计方案,我更喜欢前者的。2021/7/2440random adj.任意的，胡乱的任意的，胡乱的Childrens words and actions are often fairly random.小孩子的言行常常是随性而为。the random killing of innocent people对无辜者的随意杀戮 random sampling 随意抽样

40、n. 任意的行为，无目的的行为任意的行为，无目的的行为The librarian took a book at random from the shelf.图书管理员从书架上随便拿了一本书。恐怖分子向人群胡乱射击. The terrorists fired into the crowd at random.2021/7/2441enclose vt.vt. 把围起来； 附上He enclosed the land with a hedge.他用篱笆把地圈起来。a courtyard enclosed by the high walls . 被高墙围起的庭院Please enclose a cu

41、rriculum vitae with your letter of application.请随你的求职信附上一份简历。Please enclose a stamped self-addressed envelope.2021/7/2442 NB: en-, em- 作为前缀可以加在名词和形容词前，作为前缀可以加在名词和形容词前，构成动词。意思为构成动词。意思为“将将放入放入/ /上；使上；使成为成为”。 例如：例如： encase-cover completely with a case 把把装入箱内装入箱内 enclose-put a wall or a fence around 用墙（

42、或篱笆）围用墙（或篱笆）围 empower- give (someone) the right or power to do sth. 授权（给某人）授权（给某人）2021/7/2443vi.vi.取得资格；合格取得资格；合格I wont qualify until next year. 我明年才具备资格。我明年才具备资格。Our team has qualified for the semi-final. 我们队已有资格进入半决赛。我们队已有资格进入半决赛。vt.vt.使某人具备使某人具备资格资格This test will qualify you to fly an aircraft. 这

43、次考试将使你取得驾驶飞机的资格。这次考试将使你取得驾驶飞机的资格。 His knowledge and skills qualify him for the job. 他的知识和技能使他有资格担任这项工作。他的知识和技能使他有资格担任这项工作。His training qualifies him as a lawyer.quality 2021/7/2444qualification n. 资格One of the qualifications you need to work here is a sense of humor.在这里工作你需要的资格之一是要有幽默感。在这里工作你需要的资格之一

44、是要有幽默感。What sort of qualifications do you need for the job?做这项工作需要什么资格做这项工作需要什么资格? ? 2021/7/2445 Collocation excellent qualifications 优越的条件 necessary qualifications 必要条件 educational qualifications 学历资格 physical qualifications 体格要求 professional qualifications 专业资格2021/7/2446discipline: vt. train and

45、control the mind and characterIm trying to discipline myself to eat less chocolate.CF: train, educate, teach & discipline这几个词都是动词，都有这几个词都是动词，都有“教育教育”、“培养培养”之意。之意。train 尤其指在艺术、职业、技能等方面的教育尤其指在艺术、职业、技能等方面的教育及训练。及训练。educate 尤指对人心智及性格总体上的教育、训练及尤指对人心智及性格总体上的教育、训练及锻炼。锻炼。teach 意思是意思是“教导教导”、“训练训练”、“控制（某控

46、制（某人）人）”，尤其用于文学语中。，尤其用于文学语中。discipline 意思是意思是“训练或训导训练或训导”、“约束或惩罚约束或惩罚”等。等。2021/7/2447odds: n.可能性；极大的困难His odds are very poor after he sprained his wrist.他扭伤了手腕，获胜的可能性极小。You win against all odds a prize that makes you a millionaire. Against all odds you win a prize that makes you a millionaire. 战胜了一切

47、获得了大奖成为了百万富翁。2021/7/2448 against all odds 尽管很困难 Against all odds, he finished the work. 尽管很困难,他仍完成了这项工作。 at odds with与与不和不和,与与争吵争吵 She is at odds with her boss. 她与上司不和。 It / that makes no odds无多大差别无多大差别 Whether they go or stay, it makes no odds. 他们是去是留都没多大关系。 odds and ends零碎东西零碎东西 We bought a few od

48、ds and ends. 我们买了一些零碎的东西。2021/7/2449 fit in 安排时间做某事或见某人安排时间做某事或见某人 The council does not support lengthening the school day to fit in other activities. 委员会不支持通过延长在校时间来插入其他活动。 Doctor Jones can fit you in on Thursday afternoon. Jones医生周四下午安排时间见你。2021/7/2450Have you ever dreamed of becoming a writer, on

49、ly to be put off by fears that you lacked the ability? If so, then reading Linda Staffords story will have you reaching for your pen with renewed hope. 2021/7/2451When I was 15, I announced to my English class that I was going to write and illustrate my own books. Half of the students nearly fell ou

50、t of their chairs laughing.“Dont be silly. Only geniuses can become writers,” the English teacher said. “And you are getting a D this semester.” What did I plan to do in my English class? What did my classmates react? What did my English teacher say?2021/7/2452 I was so embarrassed that I burst into

51、 tears. That night I wrote a short, sad poem about broken dreams and mailed it to the Cappers Weekly. To my astonishment they published it, and sent me two dollars. I was a published and paid writer! I showed my teacher and fellow students. They laughed. “Just plain dumb luck,” the teacher said. How

52、 did I feel at that time? What did I do that night? How was the result of my poem? How did my teacher and classmates think of my achievement?2021/7/2453Id tasted success. Id sold the first thing Id ever written. That was more than any of them had done, and if it was “just plain dumb luck,” that was

53、fine with me.How did I think of the achievement?2021/7/2454 During the next two years I sold dozens of poems, letters, jokes and recipes. By the time I graduated from high school (with a C-minus average), I had scrapbooks filled with my published work. I never mentioned my writing to my teachers, fr

54、iends or my family again. They were dream killers. And if people must choose between their friends and dreams, they must always choose the latter. Did I give up my dream of writing? Did I share my success with other people? Why? What is more important, friends or dreams?2021/7/2455 But sometimes you

55、 do find a friend who supports your dreams. “Its easy to write a book,” my new friend told me. “You can do it.”“I dont know if Im smart enough,” I said, suddenly feeling 15 again and hearing echoes of laughter.“Nonsense!” she said. “Anyone can write a book if they want to.” Did I have supporters? Ho

56、w did my new friend say about writing?2021/7/2456 I had four children at the time, and the oldest was only four. We lived on a goat farm in Oklahoma, miles from anyone. All I had to do each day was take care of four kids, milk goats, and do the cooking, laundry and gardening. While the children slep

57、t, I typed on my ancient typewriter. I wrote what I felt. It took nine months, just like a baby. What can you learn about my family from this part? What did I do at night? What did I say about my book?2021/7/2457 I chose a publisher at random and put the manuscript in an empty diapers package, the o

58、nly box I could find. The letter I enclosed read: “I wrote this book myself, and I hope you like it. I also drew the illustrations. Chapters 6 and 12 are my favorites. Thank you.”How did I send the book to the publisher? 2021/7/2458I tied a string around the diaper box and mailed it without a self-a

59、ddressed stamped envelope, and without making a copy of the manuscript. A month later I received a contract, an advance on royalties and a request to start working on another book.Crying Wind became a bestseller, was translated into 15 languages and sold worldwide. I appeared on TV talk shows during

60、 the day and changed diapers at night. I traveled from New York to California and Canada on promotional tours. My first book also became required reading in Native American schools in Canada. Was I sure that my book would be accepted? What was the result of my book? 2021/7/2459 It took six months to wri