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1、学习-好资料动词不定式非分词英语简单句的五种基本句型简单句:只包含一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或 并列谓语)的句子,称作简单句。简单句的基本句型:简单句有以下5种基本句型。1 .主语+不及物动词例: It is raining heavily.My tooth aches.翻译:1. 他昨天锻炼了。2. 这只鸭子正在游泳。3. 这个女孩儿跳舞好。4. 风筝在天上飞。2 主语+及物动词 +宾语例: They enjoy the play.I met John in the Streetyesterday.翻译:1他喜欢篮球比赛。2. 他每天打电脑游戏。3. 她正在弹吉他。4. 他们经常放风

2、筝。3 .主语+系动词+表语例: He is out.Jenny is fine.It looks likerain soon.翻译:1. 他是美国人。2.2.苹果尝起来味道很好。3. 树变绿了。4. 你的主意听起来不错。4.主语+及物动词 +双宾语例: He bought her a watch.The SUn gives US light.翻译:1. 他给我讲了个故事。2. 他们送给我一个礼物。3. 我爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。4. 我同学借给我了一本字典。注意:双宾语一个指人(即间接宾语),另一个指物(即 直接宾语)。一般间接宾语位于直接宾语的前面,有时它们也可交换位置,这是需要在间接宾

3、语的前面加上介词 to或 for 。常见的双宾语结构:bring sb. Sth(bring Sth to sb).give sb. Sth (give Sth to sb.)hand sb. Sth leave sb. Sth(ha nd Sth to sb.) (IeaVe sth.to Sb)Iend sb. Sth(Iend Sth to Sb)PaSS Sb Sth(PaSS Sth to Sb)return sb. Sth(return Sth to Sb)Send Sb Sth(Send Sth to Sb)show Sb Sth(show sth. to sb.)tell Sb

4、 Sth(tell Sth to Sb )Write Sb Sth(Write Sth to Sb )buy Sb Sth(buy Sth for Sb )do Sb Sth(do Sth for Sb )get Sb Sth (get Sth for Sb )make sb. Sth (make Sth for Sb)Pay sb. Sth (Pay Sth for Sb)Sing Sb Sth (Sing Sth for Sb )5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+补足语例: He told me to clean my room. I SaW her dancing. 翻译:1. 我们老师要求我

5、们每天读英语。2. 他总是使我笑。3. 我发现这部电影有趣。非谓语动词【非谓语动词】构成:(to) +动词原形在句中的作用(除谓语动词外的任何成分)构成:V.-ing用法(主、宾、表、定)构成:V. -ing / V.-ed (规则变化)用法(表、补、定、状)(一)动名词一、动名词的构成:动名词一般由“动词原形+ing ”构成注意:英语中有一些词后面常跟动名词作宾语。我们初中阶段常见的有:fini sh, mind, be worth, be busy, practice,have fun, have trouble/problem (in) , SPend. (in) , feel like

6、, be USed to (习惯于) ,give up, keep on, Consider, suggest, can't help。我们可按下面的顺口溜记忆这些词。完成实践值得忙(finish, practice, be worth, be busy ) 继续习惯别放弃(keep on, be USed to, give UP)考虑建议不禁想 (Consider, suggest, can't help, feel like ) 喜欢思念要介意( enjoy, miss, mind )一、动词不定时的构成不定时的基本形式为:to+动词原形,有时可以不用to, 这里的to是不

7、定式符号,本身无词义,动词不定式的否 定形式是 not+ (to+) 动词原形 。二、动词不定式的句法功能1.不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末更多精品文档学习-好资料其结构为:t+be+adj. (+ for/ Of sb.) +动词不定式 女口: To Iearn English Well is useful. It is USefUl to Iearn En glish well.It ' important for US to PrOteCt the environment.注意:在 kind , good, nice, CIeVer 等

8、表示人的品质 的形容词后,不用for而用of。如:It's Very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。It's Very CIeVer of you to do like that.你那样做真是太聪明 啦。2. 不定式作宾语有些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语,常见的这类词 是表示命令、打算或希望的,如:would like, like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect 等。如:Would you like to See a film this evenin g?你今晚想去看电影吗? 在find, t

9、hink后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it代替,而将真正的宾语放在后面。如:I find it easy to read En glish every day. 常见的一些不带to的动词不定式Why not do., Why don't you do., had better ( not) do., would rather do,could/would/will you PIeaSe ( not) do.I would rather Stay in the room.我宁愿待在房间里。3. 不定式作宾语补足语不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。女口:LUCy asked him

10、to turn down the radio. 露西让他关小收 音机。tell, ask, want, allow, get, would like, en COUrage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。如:My mother en COUrageS me to lear n JaPa nese.我妈妈鼓励我学日语。注意:还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补,这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有:一感(feel)、二听(hear, IiSten to)、三让(let, make, have)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)。但 变被动 语态时,必须加上to。如:

11、My friends Were made to work the whole night by the boss.老板让我的朋友们工作了一整夜。4. 不定式作定语 不定式作定语时,应放在名词之后。 There is no thi ng to worry about. 没有什么可担心的。 Beiji ng is a good place to visit.5.不定式常和疑问词 what, which, when, where, how 连用, 相当于一个宾语从句。如:The teacher is telli ng the StUde nts What to do. 老师正告诉 学生们做什么。He

12、 did n't kn OW Where to go.他不知道去哪里。例题()1. Tom's mother told him eating toomuch meat.A: stopp ing B: to stop C: stops D: StOPPed ()2. We don't knowit n ext. Let's go and askMr. Li.A: What to doB: to do WhatC: Whether to doD: to do Whether()3. How kind you are! You always do What youCa

13、nme.A: help B: helpi ng C: to help D: helps ()4 DriVerS should n't be allowed afterdrinking, or they will break the law.A: driveB: driv ingC: to drive()5. Water Park is a good place.A: to have fun B: have funC: hav ing funD: to have a fun()6. Take time to relax by listening to music,readi ng a b

14、ook or just SPe nding some time alone. Relaxing allows you to your StUdieSWith more en ergy.A: return B: to return C: returni ng()7. Nick, would you mind those oldjea ns? They look terrible.A: not to WearB: not WearC: Weari ng notD: not Weari ng()8. a VOlUn teer is great.I thi nk so. Some of US Want

15、VOlUn teersfor the LOndOn Olympics.A: Being ; beingB: To be; beingC: Being; to beD: To be; to be()9. Don't forgetyour history and politicsbooks tomorrow morni ng.Than ks. I WOn't.A: bring B: to bring C: bringing()10.What abouta rest?OK. Let's go out and have a walk.A: to take B: takes C:

16、 tak ing更多精品文档学习-好资料A: Write B: to WriteC: Writte nD: Writ ing()11. I like this Set Of SOfa SO much, but I don'tknowit in my small house.You're SUPPOSed to PUt it in the liv ing room. A: Where to PUt B: Why to PUtC: how to PUt()12. While We Were running on the PIaygrO und,JaCk SUddenly StOPP

17、edand Iay on theground, so We all StOPPedWhat WaSwrong With him.A: to run; to See B: running; See ingC: running; to See()13. May I have a rest? I have already finiShed the report.A: Write B: Writi ng C: to Write D: Writte n()14. I feel a bit hungry now.Why notfor dinner With us?A: go B: did you go C

18、: to go D: do you go练习()1. Granny ofte n tells US _Water in our daily life.A: SaVe B: SaV ingC: to SaVe D: SaVeS()2. RiChard turned off the COmPUter after he hadfini Shedthe email.A: Write B: to Write C: Writi ng D: wrote ()3. We Can USe QQ to Chat With each other onthe In ternet.Really? Will you PI

19、eaSe show meit?A: how to USeB: What to USeC: how Can I USeD: What Can I USe()4. Where's your brother now, Bob?I SaW himin the Street a mome nt agoand I told him.A: playing ; don't do so B: playing ; not to do so C: play; to do so()5. AS tee nagers,we're old eno UghWithhousework. We Can h

20、elp Set the table, WaSh the dishes and clea n our own rooms.A: to help B: help ingC: helped()6. NanCy is really a hard-working StUdent. Weofte n See herbooks in the CIaSSroom.A: readB: to readC: reads()7 Mrs. Smith made her StUdentsthecompositi ons three times a week.更多精品文档( )8.Tom often makes his S

21、iSter ,but yesterday he WaS mad by his sister.A: cry; to CryB: to cry; CryC: cry; CryD: to cry; to Cry()9. You'd bettertoo much time playi ngCOmPUter games.A: don't SPe ndB: not to SPe ndC: to not SPe ndD: not SPe nd()10. More and more young people are trying to doSOmeth ingthe old.A: SerVed

22、 B: to SerVe C: SerVe D: SerVeS()11. Why notan En glish club to PraCtiCeEn glish?A. to join; to SPeak B. jo in; SPeak ingC. join; to SPeak D. to join; SPeak ing()12. When We Came to the gate, he StOPPedme go in first.A. to let B. to tell C. to allow D. to ask()13. She SaW some boysSOCCer on thePIayg

23、rO Und Whe n She WaS on the Way to the CIaSSroom.A. PIayed B. to play C. playi ng()14. How about going shopp ing this Weeke nd,Peter?Sorry, I Preferrather tha n.A. to Stay at home; go outB. to go out; Stay at homeC. Stay ing at home; go outD. Going out; Stay at home()15. It's a good habitevery d

24、ay.A. to keep doing exercise B. to Stay UP lateC. to make much no ise D. to too much()16. It's hot. Would you mind my theWin dow. Do it as you like, please!A. to ope n; OKB. ope ning; Certa inly notC. clos ing; Of COUrSeD. Open; Good idea()17. Who do you thi nk you'd likeWith you,a boy or a

25、girl?A. to let to go B. letti ng to goC. to let goD. let go学习-好资料()18. The house WaS SO dirty. They decided.A. CIean it UPB. to CIean it UPC. clea n UP itD. clea ning UP()19. I heard some onethe door an .A. ope n; come inB. to ope n; to come inC. ope n; come intoD. to ope n; to come into()20. The gi

26、rl WaS heardthe Pia no in then ext room.A. plays B. to play C. PIayed D. playII .选择填空。41.1 'mhirsty. Will you get me SOmeth ing?A. drink B. to drink C. eat D. eat ing42. How long did you SPe ndyour new house yesterday?A. to decorate B. decorateC. decorati ngD. decorated43. It WaS great funa PiC

27、nic on the hill.A. to have B. of hav ing C. have D. had44. -Lily, keep the Wi ndow. The San dstorm hasn' StOPPed yet. -OK, I ' do that.A. close B. closed C. ope n D. ope ned45. A policema n SaW two thievesagirl mobilephone on a bus and he CaUght them at on ce.A. to steal B. SteaIing C. stole

28、 D. stolen46. It ' bad for your eyesCOmPUter games for a Iong time.A. plays B. to play C. play D. PIayed47. The SCientist SUggeStedthe experiment in a different way.A. do B. to do C. doing D. done48. -Do you ofte n hear Joh nin his room?-Yes. LiSte n! Now We Can hear himin his room.A. sing; to S

29、ing B. singing; SingingC. sing; Singing D. to sing; Singing50. Why not?A. let him to go home B. to let him go homeC. let him go home D. to let him to go home51. They Were madefourtee n hours a day.A. work B. worki ng C. WOrked D. to work52. IS it always easierfriends than to keep them?A. maki ng B. make C. to make D. made53. He stood there for two hoursthe game.A. WatChed B. WatChi ngC. is WatCh ing D. WaS WatChi ng54. ItJaCk twenty minu testhe math problem yesterday.A. took; to work out B. takes; WOrked outC. has take n; wo

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