初一上英语语法知识及习题-(学生版)

1、七年级上册英语语法知识及习题定冠词的用法1）用于指谈话双方都知道的人或事物Open the door, please.请把门打开。2）用以复述上文提过的人或事物（第一次提到用，或an”,以后再次提到用"the"）I have a pencil, the pencil is green .我有一支铅笔，这支铅笔是绿色的。3）用在序数词前January is the first month of the year. 一月份是一年当中的第一个月 0 ）4）表示世界上宇宙中独一无二的事物the sun 太阳 the moon 月亮 the earth 地球 the sky 天空 t

2、he world 世 界5）表示演奏乐器时，乐器的前面要加theplay the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴零冠词的用法1）专有名词前一般不加冠词Tom 汤姆China中国 Europe欧洲2）月份、周日、节日前一般不加冠词January 一月份 Sunday 星期日 Christmas Day 圣诞行 Thanksgiving 感恩节National Day国庆节 May Day劳动节比较：.on a Sunday morning.在一个星期天的早晨（表示某一个。）3）三餐、四季前一般不加冠词I have lunch at school.我在学校吃午餐。4）

3、球类运动不加冠词play basketball 打篮球 play volleyball 打排球 play football 踢足球时态概说在英语中，不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，要用不同的动词形式来表示，这种动词的 不同形式称为时态。I am 14 this year.今年我 14 岁。I was 13 last year.去年我 13 岁。He plays soccer every day,他每天都踢足球“He played soccer yesterday.昨天他踢足球 了 °英语中共有16种时态，常用的有9种。一般现在时一般现在时表示现在的状态，如：He is 12. She

4、 is at home.表示经常的或习惯性的动作，如：I go to school at 7:30 every day.表示主语具备的性格和能力等,如:She likes apples. They know English.动词的种类动词分为四种：连系动词，实义动词，助动词，情态动词1）连系动词：词义不完全，要和后面的表语一块构成谓语。如be （am, is are）是，sound听起来，look看起来She is my sister.That sounds interesting .听起来很有趣。2）实义动词，有实际意义的动词,能单独做谓语。如see, ask, likeI like ban

5、anas.3）助动词：本身没有词义，帮助实义动词一起构成否定句，疑问句。如do, doesI don't like chicken .Does he like apples4）情态动词：本身具有一定意义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和实义动词一起构成谓语。 can,能，会，must,必须，情态动词后一定要用动词原形。I can speak English .I must find it.我一定要找到它动词be的用法be的用法口诀我用am,你用are, is连着他，她，它:单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。疑问否定任你变，句

6、首大写莫迟疑。Be动词专项练习 用am, is, are填空：1. I a student.you a student No, I not.2. 2.The girl Jack's sister.3. 3.The dog tall and fat.4. 4.The man a teacher.5. 5.your brother in the classroom6. 6. Where your mother She at home.7. 7. How your father8. 8. Jane and Tom my friends9. 9. Where my pen ?10. 10. W

7、here my books ?11. 11. That my red skirt.12. 12. Who I13. 13. The jeans on the desk.14. 14. Here a photo of my family .15. 15. Here some sweaters for you.16. 16. The black book for Su Yang.17. 17. This pair of socks 20 dollars.18. The two cups of milk for me.19. Some tea in the glass.20. How much th

8、e skirt?21. How much the trousers ?22. My sister's name Nancy.23. David and Helen from England24. There a girl in the room.25. You, he and I from China.句型转换的方法一.肯定句变否定句L句子中有be,在be后加not。) I am a student. I am not a student.2) They are blue They aren't blue.3) He is Tom. He isn/t Tom2) 谓语是动词原形

9、，在动词前加donk)I have a book . I don/t have a book.3) They like Chinese . 一 They don/t like Chinese.4) We come from China. We don't come from China.3谓语动词是第三人称单数，在动词前加doesnk动词用原形。l)She has a basketball. -*She doesn't have a basketball 2)Maria likes China. Maria doesn't like China.3)Jane comes

10、 from the -*Jane doesn't come from the 练习：将下列句子变成否定句 °4.1 am a teacher. I a teacher.2. We are students. We students.3. Jane is a girl. -* Jane a girl.4. They like English, f They like Chinese1.1 come from China.I come from China.6. He likes Chinese. -* He like Chinese.7. Maria comes from Cu

11、ba. Maria come from Cuba.8. We know Maria. We know Maria二.肯定句变一般疑问句句子中有be,把be提到句首1) I am a student. ->Are you a student2) They are blue. ->Are they blue3) He is Tom. -*ls he Tom (2 .谓语是动词原形，在句首加do。1) .1 have a book . Do you have a book2) They like Chinese . 一 Do they like Chinese3) We come fro

12、m China. Do you come from China3 .谓语动词是第三人称单数，在句首加Does,动词用原形。1) She has a basketball. -*Does she have a basketball2) Maria likes China. Does Maria like China3) Jane comes from the -*Does Jane come from the She knows Maria. Does she knowMaria练习:将下列句子变成一般疑问句，1. I am a teacher.a teacher2. They are stud

13、ents.students3. Jane is a girl.a girl4. They like English. they like English1.1 come from China. you come from China6. He likes Chinese. he Chinese7. Maria comes from America.Maria from America8. We speak Chinese. you Chinese三.一般疑问句做肯定，否定回答you Maria肯定回答：Yes, I am.否定回答:No, I,m not.2.问句和答语的动词保持一致.1) A

14、re you a student肯：Yes, lam. 否： No, Km not.2) Is he Jack肯： 否：.3) Do they like Chinese肯：. 否：.4) Does she have a basketball肯：.否：.3.问句和答语中的主语保持一致。(必须用主格)1) Is Jane from the 肯:Yes, she is. 否:No, she isn't.2) Does Li Hua come from China肯：.否：.3) Do Jane and Maria like China肯：.否：.4) Is this a ruler肯：.否：

15、.5) Is that a desk肯：.否：.6) Are these books肯：.否：.7) Are those pencils肯：,否：.8) Are these erasers肯：.否：9) Is that an orange肯：.否：练习：给下列句子做肯定回答或否定回答。you a studentYes, . No,2. Do they like EnglishYes,.No,3. Is Jane a girlYes,No, 4. Does Maria like ChinaYes,No,5. Is Jenny a studentYes,No,6. Is that a girlYe

16、s,No,7. Are those telephonesYes,No,8. Does Tom know JaneYes,_ No,9. Do they come from the Yes ,No ,10. Is this an eggYes ,No ,四.对划线部分提问.A口诀：一选二变三问号：一选是分析句意，先选疑问词，代替划线部分（划线部分去掉），二变是把剩余部分变成一 般疑问句（疑问词作主语时除外），第三步加上问号。练习：对划线部分提问1. The shoes are black 2. She is my teacher.3. My keys are on the sofa. 4. Li

17、ly is in the classroom. 5.1 am fine. 6. That boy is Tom. 10. Her telephone number is .11. The skirt is 12 dollars12. She is 12 years old.13. His name is Jim Green .14. My birthday is on December;24name is Nancy.your name am from China.you from am finn .are you4. _ is our English teacher.I is your En

18、glish teacheris ten years old.are you6. It is yellow .is it telephone number is 5805000.your telephone numberare cars .are theyis my cap. cap is this favorite movie star is Btuc。Lee.Iis your favorite movie star五.同义句转换.give Jane the book.Please the book Jane.2. This is my book. This book is3. He has

19、short hair. is short.4. My ruler is not long. My ruler is5. This jacket is not new. This jacket isEnglish teacher is old .My English teacher is not.六.单复数转换.1 .将下列句子变成复数.It is a box .This is a ruler.That is an eraser.He is a student.2 .将下列句子变成单数。are pencils.are erasers.are boys.4. They are girls .are

20、 books.are desks.are boxes.are cars.六.仿照例句改写下列句子。She is in the classroom . 否定句： She is not in the classroom. 一般疑问句：Is she in the classroom? 回答：Yes, she is. (No, she isn't) 1.1 am a student. 否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：2. This is my book.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：3. They are on the desk.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：4. The pen i

21、s red.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：八.改写句子 1. Those are my books. 否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：变单数：划线部分提问：2. She is my good friend.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：$ 变复数：划线部分提问：3. The pen is in the desk.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：变复数：划线部分提问： 动词have, has的用法用法一.have强调所属关系，主语常为人或物。意为“有”当主语是第三人称单数，并且只有当句子为肯定句时，动词“有”用has,当主语不是第三 人称单数时，以及否定句和疑问句中用一律用have一

22、.用have或has填空：1. She some balls.2. They a nice garden.3. Miss Li doesn't an English book.4. What does Mike5. My father a story-book。6. My parents don't any nice pictures.7. David/s friends a basketball.8. David some jackets.二.仿照例句句型转换：have a baseball.变一般疑问句 Do you have a baseball肯定回答Yes ,1 do

23、 .否定回答N。，I don't.否定句 We don't have a baseball.对划线部分提问What do you have has a ruler,变一般疑问句Does David have a ruler （注意has变成have） 肯定回答Yes, he does .否定回答 No , he doesn't否定句 David doesn't have a ruler .（注意 has 变成 have）对划线部分提问What does David have （注意has变成have） 练习：fhas some nice photos.变一般疑问

24、句肯定回答否定回答否定句对划线部分提问friends have many books.变一般疑问句I肯定回答否定回答否定句对划线部分提问school has a library.变一般疑问句肯定回答否定回答I 否定句对划线部分提问has an orange skirt. 变一般疑问句肯定回答否定回答否定句对划线部分提问用法二.Have和has除了意思为“有”外,还可以表示“吃或喝”1.吃早饭 2.吃午饭 3.吃晚饭用法三Have也可以和表示某种活动的名词连用，意为“举行”7.上课 8.举行生日聚会 句型转换1. I have some fish for lunch every day.变一般疑

25、问句肯定回答否定回答否定句对划线部分提问has apples for dinner.变一般疑问句肯定回答否定回答否定句对划线部分提问（三）动词like的用法仿照例句句型转换：like ice cream.变一般疑问句 Do they like ice cream肯定回答Yes, they I do .否定回答 No , they don't.否定句 they don't like ice cream . 对划线部分提问What do they like likes vegetables.变一般疑问句 Does she like vegetables （注意 likes 变成 l

26、ike）肯定回答 Yes, she does .否定回答 No , she doesn't.否定句 She doesnzt like vegetables （注意 likes 变成 like）对划线部分提问What does she like j练习：1.1 like strawberries .变一般疑问句肯定回答否定回答否定句对划线部分提问2. .you like salad.变一般疑问句肯定回答否定回答否定句对划线部分提问3. Lily likes apples .变一般疑问句肯定回答）否定回答否定句对划线部分提问4. His father likes pears.变一般疑问句肯

27、定回答否定回答否定句）对划线部分提问句型转换专项训练1. Her phone number is 2345167.（提问）phone number2. I am Jim Green.（同义句）Jim Green.3. This is an ID card.（提问）in English4. This is Jim's card.（同义句）is Jim's.5. Her family name is Green. （H 义句）Her is Green.1.1.7. They are Lucy and Lily. （R 义句）Lucy and Lily.8. My last name

28、 is Green and first name is Jim.（同 义句）.9.He's in Class One.（提问）he in10.This is a nice flower. （R 义句）nice .11.That's my pencil case.（变否定句）my pencil case.12.Is this your dictionary （变复数句）your13.Are you a teacher （做肯定回答）,14.Five and two is seven.（提问）five and two15.16.The pencil is blue.（提问）the

29、pencil17.Lily is my friend and Lucy is my friend , too. （H 义句）Lucy and Lily18.This is a girl.（变复数句）girls.19.These are my friends.（变否定句）my friends.20.Mrs Green is Kate's mother.（同义句）Kate is21.Those are Tom's photos.（变单数句）Tom's photo.22.Thank you for your photos. （H 义句）your photos.23.Those

30、 are Kate's pens.（同义句）Kate's .24. is. She's my aunt's daughter.（变复数句）my aunt's.26. That woman/s Jim's aunt.（提问）that woman27. a , is , family, this, of, photo , David's（连词成句）28. My books are in the bag.（变一般疑问句）books in the bag29. His baseball is under the chair.（变复数句）under

31、 the chair.30. Your keys are next to the door.（变单数句）Your next to the door.31. The sweater is on the bed（变一般疑 |、可句）on the bed32. I need a hat.（变否定句）I a hat.33. （m. There are some apples on the tree.（变一般疑问句）apples on the tree35. I know your pen is black.（变否定句）I your pen black .36. Are those bananas gr

32、een（做肯定回答）,.37. Some apples are on the bed.（提问）on the bed38. We can see a bird in the tree.（变一般疑问句）a bird in the tree39. We have seven classes every day.（变否定句）We seven classes everyday.40. He has two basketballs.（变一般疑问句）two basketballs41. She has a brother.（变复数句）a brother.42. Is there a map of China

33、 in your class （同 义句）your class a map of China43. He has a computer game（变否定句） He a computer game .44. Mary does homework at home.（变一般疑问句） Mary homework at home45. Sue has a sports collection.（变一般疑问句）Sue a sports collection46. I have seven balls.（变否定句）I seven ball.47. Jim likes sports.（提问）Jim48. Luc

34、y plays the guitar every dcy.（提 1诃）Lucy play the guitar49. This game is relaxing. Q司义句） is game .50. Terry has eight balls.（提|诃）balls Terry have51. She has two eggs for breakfast. she for breakfast52. This is a strawberry .（变复数句）.53. Mother has French fries and ice cream.（变否定句）Mother French friesand ice cream .54. They don't like hamburgers.（变一般疑问句）they hamburgers55. Sandra Clark is a famous running star.（提问）Sandra Clark56. The girl likes hamburgers.（提问）hamburgers57. Does he like ice cream（变肯定句）He.58. Tom