物理化學實驗學習單

1、物理化學結報單元：酸鹼滴定曲線班級：實驗日期：102年10月9日組別：第门組學號 及 姓名：1100101128張益誠一、記錄數據室溫=_32_ °c 液溫：_27.7 °c 氣壓=_754 mmhg藥品名稱、廠牌及纟屯度： sodium hydroxde(粒0犬) hydrochloric acid 12nsodium acetate 儀器名稱及型號規格：ph meter sp2300標準緩衝溶液ph : 4 & 7a:無水碳酸鋼固體之質量：第一次:0.1063g第二次:0.1142g平均:0.1103gb:鹽酸溶液配置濃鹽酸體積：4.2 ml，配製體積：500.

2、0 ml配製濃度(約)：0.1008 n 計算：(12m*4.2/500) =0.1008m(n)c:hc1標準溶液之滴定曲線第一次vhc10.02.04.06.08.08.59.09.510.010.512.5ph10.50210.1829.8719.5248.9718.6667.9847.4647.1846.9936.524vhc114.516.518.519.019.520.020.522.524.5ph6.1665.6645.0224.0963.2893.1212.9782.6622.4901. v 是累計量，當然也可記為增加量，但是後面計算時要注意。 hci2.ph值=97與ph值=

3、52有轉折點，ph值變化很大，在區間外每次滴入hc1量約12ml，在轉 折點範圍內，改為每次0.50.2ml。第二次vhci0.02.04.06.08.08.59.09.510.010.512.5ph10.55310.2179.9079.5689.0598.8138.3857.6677.3147.0906.591vhci14.516.518.519.019.520.020.522.524.5ph6.2205.8675.2474.7413.6963.2493.0602.7002.514d:緩衝溶液的作用溶液編號123456789100.1m-ch cooh (ml)320010035371317

4、0.1m-ch coona(ml)302010035171373蒸餾水(ml)0002014100000ph值3.0557.3384.5195.6594.5154.4955.2914.6044.0603.585加入1滴0.1n-hc1的ph值3.0126.8954.5134.3124.4854.4785.2774.5924.0463.572加入2滴0.1n-hc1的ph值2.9756.6974.5083.9744.4624.4645.2614.5814.0313.561加入3滴0.1n-hc1的ph值2.9376.5924.5013.8154.4394.4505.2484.5754.0223.

5、549加入4滴0.1n-hc1的ph值2.9046.5274.4963.7004.4144.4365.2374.5674.0113.537加入5滴0.1n-hc1的ph值2.8706.4544.4903.6114.3904.4225.2274.5594.0023.527加1滴0 .ln-nao h的ph值3.0566.5504.4943.6604.4094.4325.2343.7183.3243.148加2滴0 .ln-nao h的ph值3.0796.6834.4993.7204.4274.4405.2403.7473.3663.157加3滴0 .ln-nao h的ph值3.0916.8724

6、.5053.7944.4444.4515.2463.7773.3883.173加4滴0 .ln-nao h的ph值3.1207.1744.5103.9084.4604.4605.2543.8113.4153.193加5滴0 .ln-nao h的ph值3.1447.4544.5154.0604.4744.4685.2633.8373.4403.224探20滴溶液的體積：1.0 ml 二、整理與計算a:hc1滴定結果第一次vhci0.02.04.06.0&08.59.09.510.010.512.5ph10.50210.1829.8719.5248.9718.6667.9847.4647.

7、1846.9936.524vave1.003.005.007.008.258.759.259.7510.2511.513.5aph0.3200.3110.3470.55303050.6820.5200.2800.1910.4960.358av22220.50.50.50.50.522aph/av0.1600.1560.1740.2770.6101.3641.040.560.3820.2350.179vhci14.516.518.519.019.520.020.522.524.5ph6.1665.6645.0224.0963.2893.1212.9782.6622.490vave15.517.5

8、18.7519.2519.7520.2521.5023.50aph0.5720.6420.9260.8070.1680.1430.3160.172av2.02.00.50.50.50.52.02.0aph/av0.2860.3211.8521.61403360.2860.1580.086第二次vhci0.02.04.06.08.08.59.09.510.010.512.5ph10.55310.2179.9079.5689.0598.8138.3857.6677.3147.0906.591vave1.03.05.07.08.258.759.259.7510.2511.513.5aph0.3360

9、.3100.3390.5090.2460.4280.7180.3530.2240.4990.371av2.02.02.02.00.50.50.50.50.52.02.0aph/av0.1680.1550.1700.2550.4920.8561.4360.7060.4480.2500.186vhci14.516.518.519.019.520.020.522.524.5ph6.2205.8675.2474.7413.6963.2493.0602.7002.514vave15.517.518.7519.2519.7520.2521.523.5ph0.3530.6200.5061.0450.4470

10、.1890.3600.186av2.02.02.00.50.50.52.02.0aph/av0.1770.3100.2532.090.89403780.1800.0931. av是前後次滴定體積差，v 是前後兩次滴定體積平均，aph是前後次滴定ph值差» aph/av是微 ave分值，代表單位滴定量所產生ph的變化量，找出其變化量最大值（畫圖）即可求得轉折點時的hc1滴定終點。三、繪圖1以ph值為縱座標，v 值為橫坐標作圖，曲線的第二個轉折點是滴定終點，以等分線交叉法構成法 hc1平行線之透明板法或格蘭法（選一種）決定其滴定終點（v ）體積ml。（兩張圖）hci方法：第一次第二次18.7519.25平均值19.00第一次第二次2.以、ph/av值為縱座標，v值為橫坐標作圖，由圖求得»!/最大值時對應的v值。aveave微分法第一次第二次aph/av最大值1.8522.09v值ave1&7519.25平均值o19.00第一次2.5+數列1四、討論與問題1.利用繪圖法所得到的hc1滴定終點值，計算出hc1的濃度？二ans:(0.1103/106)/(100/1000)*100*2二mhcl*19mhcl =0. 1095m2何謂緩衝溶液，其作用如何？ans:由弱酸及其共艇鹼或弱鹼及其共斬.酸所組成的緩衝對配