非限制性定语从句

1、出众教育中国一对一个性化教育连锁机构CZ. Educatio n中小学生学习能力培养专家非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将 从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句 子的情况或主句的某一部分，that不能用于引导非限制 性定语从句eg：Her house,which was built a hun dred years ago,stood still in the earthquake.2. 有时as也可用作关系代词3. 在非限定性定语从句中，用

2、 who, whom代表人，用which代表事物.4当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。eg : Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, reti岀众教育教学部 版权所有翻版必究客服热线众教育蚌埠校区教务管理部0出众教育构CZ.Educati on中国一对一个性化教育连锁机中小学生学习能力培养专家red last year.My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely ga rde n.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花

3、园。This no vel, which I have read three times, is very touc hing.这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。5. 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词，对其 进行修饰,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，eg： He seems n ot to have grasped what I mea nt, which greatly upsets me.他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。总结：非限制性定语从句只是对主句内容，或先行词的 补充、解释或附加说明。主句与先行词或从句之间一般 用逗号分开，常常单独翻译。没有它，主句意思仍然完 整。弓I导非

4、限制性定语从句的关系代词有as，which，who， whom，whose等，作定语从句的主语、宾语、表 语及定语。关系副词有 when，where等，作定语从句的 状语。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中一般不能省。岀众教育教学部 版权所有翻版必究客服热线众教育蚌埠校区教务管理部1出众教育中国一对一个性化教育连锁机构_CZ.Education中小学生学习能力培养专家_注：why不能引导非限制定语从句My success in bus in ess,the reas on why he dislikes me (限制性),has bee n due to hard wo

5、rk.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句举例：(1) The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could miss.(2) Chi na is a country which has a long history.非限制性定语从句举例：(1) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.(2) Chi na, which was foun ded in 1949, is beco ming more and more powerful.限制性定

6、语从句和非限制性定语从句区别：限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号和主句隔开用逗号和主句隔开意义上是先仃词不可缺少的疋语，不能删除是对先行词的补充说明，删除后意思仍完整译法上翻译成先行词的定语，“的”通常翻译成主句的并列句关系词的使用上A 做宾语时可省略B、可用thatC、可用who代替whomA、不可省B、不用thatC、不用 who代替whom要注意区分以下几个句子的不同(1) His brother who is now a doctor always en courages him to go to college.他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。（他还有其他的哥哥）（2）

7、His brother, who is now a doctor, always en courages him to go to college.他的哥哥是当医生的，常鼓励他要考上大学。（他只有一个哥哥） 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.=The school in which he once studied is very famous.(2) Tomorrow I will bring here a magaz

8、 ine (that/which) you asked for.=Tomorrow I will bring here a magaz ine for which you asked.(3) we ll go to hear the famous sin ger (whom/that/who) we have ofte n talked about=we ll go to hear the famous sin ger about whom we have ofte n talked.客服热线: 众教育教学部版权所有翻版必究岀众教育蚌埠校区教务管理3Vz出众教育中国

9、一对一个性化教育连锁机构CZ. Educatio n中小学生学习能力培养专家、亠注意：1、有些动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等(1) This is the watch which/that I am look ing for.(True)(2) This is the watch for which I am look ing.(False)2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that ；指物时用which， 不能用that ;关系代词是所有格时用whose(1) The man with wh

10、om you talked is my friend. (T)(2) The man who/that you talked with is my friend.(F)(3) The pla ne in which we flew to Can ada is very comfortable. (T)(4) The pla ne in that we flew to Can ada is very comfortable. (F)3、介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词(1) He love

11、d his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.(3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.简单归纳：介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，关键是判断介词的选择，方法一是看从句谓语部 分缺少什么介词(习惯搭配),再则可以通过整个句子整体含义来判断，结合生活实际来判断.关系

12、代词as和which引导的定语从句由as, which引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that.As 一般放在句首，which在句中.As we know, smok ing is harmful to on e's health.The sun heats the earth, which is very importa nt to us.as和which引导非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。具体情况是：F . as和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，代表前面整个句子。(1) He married her, as

13、/which was natural.(2) He was hon est, as/which we can see.2. as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外， as有 正如，正像”的 意思(1) As is known to all, China is a develop ing country. (主句之前)岀众教育教学部版权所有翻版必究岀众教育蚌埠校区教务管理客服热线4出众教育构CZ.Educati on中国一对一个性化教育连锁机中小学生学习能力培养专家C. wh

14、atC. I spoke toB. at中小学生学习能力培养专家(2) He is from the south, as we can see from his accent( 口音).(主句之后)(3) Joh n, as you kno w, is a famous writer.(4) He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don ' t believe注意：当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时，常用which(5) Tom was always late for school, which made his t

15、eacher angry.3.当先行词受such, the same修饰时，常用as(1) I have n ever heard such a story as he tells.(2) He is not such a fool as he looks. (3) This is the same book as I lost last week.简单归纳：as ,which均可以引出非限制性定语从句，如都指前一句话的意思，二者可以互换。as引导的从 句可以放在句首，as本身有 正如.,正像”一类的含义，与之连用的词有know, see, expect, announce, point ou

16、t 等。此夕卜，在 the same as such.as 中 as引导的是限制9 性定语从句.课堂练习1. The placein terested me most was theChildre n's Palace.A. WhichB. whereD. i n which2. Do you know the man?A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke D. that I spoke3. This is the hotellast mon th.A. which they stayed that they stayedC. where they staye

17、d atD.where they stayed4. Do you know the yearthe Chin ese Commu nistParty was foun ded?A. whichB. thatC. whe nD. on which5. That is the dayII n ever forget.A. whichB. on whichC. i n whichD. whe n6. The factorywe'll visit n ext week is not far fromhere.A. whereB. to whichC. whichD. i n which7. G

18、reat cha nges have take n place since the n in thefactorywe are worki ng.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. there8. This is one of the best films.A. that have bee n show n this yearB. thathave show n岀众教育教学部版权所有翻版必究岀众教育蚌埠校区教务管理客服热线7出众教育构CZ.Educati on中国一对一个性化教育连锁机中小学生学习能力培养专家C. that has bee n sho

19、w n this yearD. thatyou talked9. Ca n you lend me the bookthe other day?A. about which you talkedB. whichyou talkedC. about that you talkedD. thatyou talked10. The penhe is writing is mine.A. with whichB. i n whichC. on whichD. by which课后练习1. They arrived at a farmhouse, i n front ofsat asmall boy.A

20、. whomB. whoC. whichD. that2. The engin eermy father works is about 50 yearsold.A. to whomB. on whomC. with whichD. with whom3.1s there anyone in your classfamily is in thecoun try?A. whoB. who'sC. whichD. whose4.1'm in terested inyou have said.A. all thatB. all whatC. thatD. which5.1 want t

21、o use the same dictio narywas usedyesterday.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. as6. He isn't such a manhe used to be.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. as7. He is good at En glish,we all know.岀众教育 版权所有翻版必究岀众教育蚌埠校区教务管理客服热线10出众教育构CZ.Educati on中国一对一个性化教育连锁机中小学生学习能力培养专家中小学生学习能力培养专家A. thatB. asC. whomD. what8

22、.Li Mi ng,to the con cert enjoyed it very much.A. I went withB. with whom I wentC. withwho I wentD.l went with him9.1 don't likeas you read.A. the no velsB. the such no velsC. suchno velsD. same no vels10.He talked a lot about thi ngs and pers onsthey remembered in the school.A. whichB. thatC. w

23、homD. what11.The letter is from my sister,is worki ng inBeiji ng.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. who12.In our factory there are 2000 workers, two thirds ofare wome n.A. themB. whichC. whomD. who13. Yo u're the pers onI've ever metcoulddo it.A. who;/B./; whomC.whom;/D./; who14.1 lost a book,I can't remember now.A.