表语从句讲解及练习题附答案

1、表语从句1. 定义：用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。2. 关联词(1)从属连词that。在从句中不做成分。如：The trouble is that I have lost his address 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。The reas on was that he was late for school. 从属连词 whether, as, as i。如:1. He looked just as he had looked ten years before他 看起来还与十年前一样。2. The question is whether they will be able to help us.

2、冋题是他们是否能帮我们。注：从属连词if 一般不用来引导表语从句，但 as if却可引导表语从句，如：All this was over twenty years ago, but it as if it was dnly yesterday. 这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。The key is whether we can solve the problem.It looked as if it was going to rain.注：能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look sou nd等。如：He looked just as he had looked

3、ten years before他 看起来还与十年前一样。造句：听起来好像有人在敲门。It sounds as if some one is knocking at the door.(3) 连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 在表语从句中做主语、宾语等。女口： The problem is who we can get to replace her.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她

4、今晨上了阁楼干的。造句：问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。The problem is who we can get to replace her.我想问的是谁离开了。My question is who left.(4) 连接畐寸词 where, when, how, why。What I wo nder is whe n he left.我想知道他是何时离开的。This is where they once lived.这就是他们曾经住过的地方。That is why he did n't come hereThe questi on is how he did it. 连词becau

5、se可引导表语从句。如：I think it is because you are doing too much.我想这是因为你做得太多。造句：这是仅仅因为他不认识她。It's just because he does n't know her.That's because he did n't un dersta nd me那是因为他没有理解我。（That'sbecause.强调原因）That's why he got an gry with me.那正是他对我生气的原因。（That's why.强调结果）（6）在一些表示 建议、劝说、

6、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should可省略。如：My suggesti on is that we （should） start early tomorrow.我的建议是我们明天一 早就出发。系动词分类：一、 根据系动词后所跟结构，我们可以把英语系动词分为两大类：完全系动词（其 后只能跟表语的动词，如be, seem和半系动词（其后既可跟表语作系动词用法， 也可跟宾语或状语作实义动词用，如look）例如：1） He looked sadly at the b）y.（看'着”实义动词用法）He looks a clever boy .

7、（看起来”，系动词用法）2） He looks at a clever boy.（看着”，实义动词用法）在英语中，某一动词是多义词，既有实义动词用法，又有系动词用法。二、根据系动词的意义，我们把英语系动词分为四类：A 五大感官系动词B 状态系动词C 动态系动词 D 双谓语系动词A .五大感官系动词； 描述一种感官性质。由实义感官动词变化而来，都是半系 动词。1. look看起来像是”，后接adj.、n.、分词、介词短语、不定式等。The girl bit her lips and looked thoughtful.这位女孩咬着嘴唇，看上去若有所思。2. smelI闻起来”后接adj.分词。T

8、he flowers smell sweet.这些花气味真香。3. sou nd听起来”后接 分词。 The music sou nds swee这首诗听起来真 悦耳。4. taste尝起来”,后接 分词。The即pies taste very good.这些苹果很好吃。5. Feel摸起来，给感觉”；觉得”，后接adj./p.p.You will feel better after a night睡上一晚ee你会觉得好些。B. 状态系动词：1. be, 是”，属完全系动词。I am a student. 我是一个学生。2. seem，似乎，好像”，完全系动词。 They seem quite

9、 happy. 他们似乎很快乐。3. appear,显得，看起来好像”，半系动词。It即peared（to be）a true story看来这 是一个真实的故事。4. keep，保持的状态”，半系动词，后接adj或介词短语。You' d better go to bed and keep war m 你最好躺在床上去暖和一下。5. remain,仍是”，半系动词。I remained silent.我仍然缄默。6. stay保持（某种状态）”，半系动词，后接adj.、过去分词。The window stayed ope n all the ni ght.7. prove证明是”，半系

10、动词，后接adj.n.The treatme nt proved to be successful.这种疗法证明是成功的。C. 动态系动词：都属于半系动词，描述状态变化过程。1. get变成，变得起来”，后可接形容词、分词、介词短语。The days are gett ing Ion ger and Ion ger.白天变得越来越长了。2. fall进入（某种状态），成为”，后常接以下形容词：asleep, lame, sile nt, ill, sick, flat.The old men, unable to express himself, fell silent. 那位老人说不清自己的

11、 意思，就不做声了。My father fell ill a nd died.我的父亲生病死了。3. grow渐渐变得起来，长得”It ' s growing warm天气渐渐暖和起来了。4. turn转变成（新的与原来完全不同的色彩或性质），变质（色）”。Maple trees turn red in autumn. 枫叶在秋天变红了。It was cloudy this morning, but fortunately it has turned fine.今天早上是阴天，幸好已经转晴了。5. go,变成（某种坏的状态）”The teleph one has gone dead.电

12、话不通了。The material has go ne a funny colour.这料子的颜色变得奇怪了。go 之后常接的 adj. 还有：bad, blind, wild, wrong, sour, hard, hungry, mad, red, with, an ger, white, pale, blue, grey.6. become变成，成为（好坏均可的情况）”I became interested in drawing. 我开始对素描感兴趣了。He became angry with me. 他对我生气了。They became good friends. 他们成了好朋友。7.

13、 come,变成为（已知的状态），证实为”，后常接形容词或前缀un-的过去 分词作表语，表示状态或情况的变化。His wish to become a pilot has come true.他想当飞行员的愿望实现了。If you look into the matter, everything will come clear. 如果你调查一下这事，一切都会清楚。后面常接的形容词还有：apart, dear（昂贵），natural, open, short, right（好了）， unstuck （没有粘住），untied （松开）。8. run,变成”，后接 adj. The price r

14、an high. 价格上升了。9. make, 达到某种状态后接形容词，如 sure, certain, merry, bold, free We must make certa in of facts我 们一定要弄清事实。D. 双谓语系动词此类系动词既有系动词的功能，后接表语，又保留原实义动 词本身的含义。例如：The run rose red太阳升起红艳艳。She stopped and stood quite sti哋停下来然后一丝不动地站着。The snow lay thick on the ground.雪厚厚地堆积在地上。He married young.他结婚很早。Lei Fen

15、g died young 雷锋早逝。He contin ued sile nt他继续沉默不语。IV.系动词与高考及其练习1.系动词出现于单项选择题中 The story sounds（MET 89） A. to be true B. as true C.being true D. true Those oran ges taste（MET 91）A. good B. well C. to begood D. to be well -Are you feeling? -Yes, I ' m fine now/（NMET92）A. any well B. any better C. qui

16、te good D. quite better -Ca n I join the club, Dad.-You can whe n youa bit older.（NMET 94） A. get B.will get C. get D. will have got -Do you like the material? -Yes, itvery soft.(NMET 94) A. isfeeli ng B. felt C. feels D. is felt I love to go to the seaside on Summer. Itgood to lie in the sun or swi

17、m in thecool sea.(NMET 96)A. does B. feels C. gets D. makes Cleaning women in big cities usually getby the hour.(NMET 98) A.pay B. pay ing C. paid D. to pay Why don' t you put the meat in the fridge? It willfor severaldays.(NMET2003)A. be stayed B. stay C. be stayi ng D. have stayed(以上七题答案分别如下：1

18、.D, 2.A, 3.B, 4.A, 5.C, 6.B, 7.C, 8.B)2. 系动词与短文改错They eager to know everythi ng about China and asked me lots of questi on s.(were)I ' d like to your pen friend, and get to know more about your country.(be)3. 系动词巩固练习 What you have said.A. is sounded interesting B sounds interestingC. sound inter

19、ested D. listens interested The class beg ins. Please keep.A. silent B. silenee C. the silenee D. silently Look! Several people in the crowd seemed.A. to be fighti ngB . to have foughtC . being foughtD . hav ing fought Howthe song she sings soun ds! I have n evera better voice.A . beautifully, soun ded B . beautiful, soun dedC . sweet, liste ned to D . swe