什么是你的顾客提供

1、What are you offering the customer?你能提供什么客户？A business concept solves a problem or meets a need on the market. One of the keys to success is therefore to see what needs or problems customers have and then to offer them a solution.企业的经营理念能够解决问题，或满足市场需要。成功的关键之一是因此看到什么需求或问题的客户，并为他们提供了一个解决方案。Your busine

2、ss concept can be selling an established service or product in a new way focusing on a completely new customer group selling a completely new service or product您的业务概念可以会既定的服务或产品在出售出售一个全新的服务或产品的全新客户组为重点的新方法Identify what is unique about your business Sometimes there is room on the market for several a

3、ctors selling the same service or product, but it is often valuable to identify your own market profile.确定哪些是唯一对您的业务有时有房在市场销售的相同的服务或产品，几个演员，但却往往有价值来确定自己的市场配置文件。A good business concept answers the following questions: Who is the customer? What can the business offer the customer? What is unique about

4、 the offer for the customer?良好的商业概念回答了下列问题： 客户是谁？什么可以业务提供客户？关于为客户提供独特的是什么？Consider what entrepreneurs in other industries do that could inspire you in your operations to develop your business concept and your business.考虑什么企业家在其他行业做，能够激励你在您发展您的业务概念和您的业务的操作。You should be able to answer the following q

5、uestions about your business concept:您应该能够回答下面的问题对您的业务概念：What is the purpose of my business on the market?我在市场上的目的是业务的什么？Is there a need for my product or service?是否需要我的产品或服务吗？On what market or markets is my business operating? Who are the customers?我的业务经营上哪些市场或市场？客户是谁？Is my business concept unique?

6、 If not, what distinguishes my business concept from competitors?我的经营理念是唯一的吗？如果不是，与竞争对手的区别在于我的业务概念吗？What will make customers choose my business ahead of competitors?什么会让客户选择我的竞争对手领先的业务？What are the key profitability factors for my business?为我的企业的盈利能力的关键因素是什么？Is my business concept affected by cyclic

7、al changes in the economy?我的经营理念被受经济的周期性变化吗？Make a business plan制定业务计划No matter what you work on, you have everything to gain from planning your start and being well prepared. This is usually called making a business plan. In the business plan you describe how you are going to put your business conc

8、ept into effect so that you have clear objectives for your operations. Think through your business concept carefully before starting up. Describe不管你什么工作，你会得到一切从规划启动和人，以及编写。这通常被称为制定业务计划。在业务计划中你描述你如何使您的业务概念生效，以便为您的操作有明确的目标。三思通过您的业务概念做起。描述what good or service you want to sell什么好或您要销售的服务who is going to

9、buy the good or service谁来买好或服务what the market looks like市场是什么样子your advantages and disadvantages compared with competitors您与竞争对手相比的利弊Your business plan has to develop along with your business您的业务计划，随着您的业务When you yourself have a good grasp of what you want to do in your business and how it is going

10、to be done, you can be more convincing in getting other people to listen and take an interest. Suppliers and customers may also be interested in seeing your business plan. Your business plan has to be a living document that keeps pace with the development of your business and is updated regularly.当你

11、自己掌握您要在您的业务和如何去做时，你可以得到倾听和感兴趣的其他人更令人信服。供应商和客户可能还想看看你的商业计划。您的业务计划必须是一个活动文档，跟您的业务的发展，并会定期更新。Contents of a business plan商业计划书的内容A business plan has to be easy to understand. It has to contain facts and be serious, but it also has to arouse interest. A business plan may be more or less detailed dependin

12、g on the particular business. Some points that are generally always included are information about商业计划必须是易于理解。它包含事实和严重，但也有兴趣。商业计划书，可能更多或更少取决于特定的业务的详细。通常总是包含的一些要点是有关的信息the owner(s) of the company业主（）的公司experience and expertise经验和专业知识business concept经营理念product or service, including pricing产品或服务，包括定价m

13、arket and customers市场和客户competitors竞争对手marketing strategy营销策略Suppliers供应商resource needs资源需求budgets and cashflow and profit forecasts预算和现金流和利润预测timetable and plan of activities时间表和计划的活动Own contribution自己的贡献Funding the start-up启动资金During the initial period before sales have got off the ground, you nee

14、d starting capital. Most businesses need to be built up over several years before they become profitable, and it is as well to be prepared for this from the outset. After that, the day-to-day operations in the business will be funded from sales revenue.初期销售过了地面之前, 您需要启动资金。大多数企业需要建立多年前他们成为有利可图的它也是从一开

15、始就对此有所准备。之后，将从销售收入资助企业的日常运作。Own funds and hard work自己的资金和辛勤工作So it may be some time before you can take a fixed salary from your business. But the bills will continue to come in as usual. This is why it is important to get through the initial period without income. You can do so by using savings, ge

16、tting an extra job or staying on in your old employment during your start-up, perhaps on a part-time basis. The great bulk of entrepreneurs start their business from their own funds and hard work.所以它可能是一段时间才可以采取固定的工资从您的业务。但这项条例草案会继续像往常一样进来。这就是为什么很重要的是要通过初期没有收入。您可以通过使用储蓄，获得额外的工作或留在您老的就业期间你的初创企业，可能以兼职

17、形式。大批量的企业家开始他们的业务，从他们自己的资金和艰苦的工作。Work out your private costs找出您的私人成本Try to form a view of how much money you need to start your business and to cover your running expenditure for operating the business over a six-month period. At the same time, you must work out your private costs so that you have e

18、nough money left to live on.尝试到窗体视图的多少钱您需要启动您的业务和经营业务，为期六个月您正在运行的开支。同时，你必须出您的私人成本工作，因此，您有足够的钱左活下去。When you start a business you may need money for当您启动业务时，您可能需要为钱buying machinery, equipment and so on购买机械和设备等marketing, such as advertising and brochures市场营销、 广告和宣传手册等current expenditure such as rent, te

19、lephone bills, office supplies and so on当前的开支，例如租金、 电话费、 办公用品等Sole trader唯一的商人Being a sole trader may suit you if you are going to start a business on your own. You are not required to put up any capital, but there is no clear dividing line either between you personally and your business with regard

20、 to finances. A sole trader business is always owned by a person. Spouses or cohabiting partners with common children can operate a sole trader business together.被个体经营可能适合你如果你打算自己创业。不需要任何的资本，但有没有明确划分线之间你要么亲自和您的业务方面的资助。个体经营业务始终是一个人所拥有的。配偶或同居伙伴与普通孩子们可以一起经营个体经营业务。Not a legal person不是一个法人A sole trader i

21、s not a legal person. The business operators personal identity number is used as the organisation registration number of the business. This means that as a sole trader you are personally liable for all the obligations of the business, such as debts and agreements made. For example, it is you as a pr

22、ivate person, and not the business, that rents premises. This also means that you must pay all the debts of the business by yourself if there is not enough money in the business. You can reduce some of the personal risk by taking business insurance.个体经营不是法律的人。经营者的个人身份号码被用作业务的机构注册号码。这意味着作为个体经营，你是个人法律

23、责任的业务，如债务和订立协议的所有义务。例如，是你作为一个私人的人和业务的处所的租金。这也意味着你必须支付业务的所有债务自己如果业务中不会有足够的钱。通过以商业保险可以减少一些个人承担风险。You can employ staff您可以使用工作人员A sole trader can employ staff. When you employ someone you take on certain obligations and it can therefore be a good idea to give extra thought to the question of personal li

24、ability.个体经营可以雇用工作人员。当你雇你承担的某些义务和它因此可以是一个好的主意，给予额外认为个人的责任问题。You can have several business operations你可以有几种业务运营In most cases, sole traders do not need to have an auditor, but all sole traders are required to maintain accounting records. You can have several business operations of different kinds as a

25、 sole trader. They do not need to be reported and taxed separately since they are counted as a single business.在大多数情况下，唯一的交易者不需要有一名核数师，但唯一的所有交易都均须保持会计记录。您可以作为个体经营有几个不同种类的业务运营。他们不需要能够发现和分开课税，因为他们也被算作是一个单一的企业。Sole trader唯一的商人Register with the Swedish Companies Registration Office.注册与瑞典公司注册办事处。As a sol

26、e trader you can register a name for your business with the Swedish Companies Registration Office. Even though there is no requirement to register the business, it can be a good idea since this gives you sole right to the name in your county. When you have registered the name of your business, you h

27、ave a sole proprietorship. It is the name of the business that is the actual trading name.作为唯一的交易中，您可以注册名称为您的业务与瑞典公司注册办事处。即使有没有规定办理商业登记，它可以是个好主意，因为这给你唯一县中的名称权。当您注册您的业务的名称时，你就会有独资企业。它是生意，那就是交易的实际名称的名称。The registration fee has to be paid to the Swedish Companies Registration Office before the applicat

28、ion is processed. When your business has been registered, you get a registration certificate from the Swedish Companies Registration Office.注册费已处理应用程序之前，须缴付瑞典公司注册办事处。时已注册您的业务，从瑞典公司注册办事处获得注册证书。Apply to the Swedish Tax Agency for F tax适用于 F 税瑞典税务代理When you start a business as a sole trader, you have t

29、o apply to the Swedish Tax Agency for F tax, either on the Internet or by using the form Skatte- och avgiftsanmälan Notification for tax and contributions. This form is the basis for your application for F tax, VAT registration and, where relevant, registration as an employer.当你开始创业作为一个个体，你必须申请

30、瑞典税务代理税务，无论是在互联网或使用的形式，skatte-和avgiftsanmä局域网通知税和贡献。这种形式的基础是您的应用程序为税，增值税登记，登记有关，如雇主。If you also are an employee如果你也是一名雇员If you are an employee today and are going to start a business alongside your employment or if you think that you will have income from employment while you have your business

31、, you should apply for FA tax status.如果您今天是雇员，要靠你的就业创业或者你认为，虽然你有你的业务你将有就业收入，你应该申请 FA 缴税。Accounts帐户Manual or electronic accounts手动或电子帐户You can either keep manual accounts in a cash book or keep electronic accounts using computer programmes. The principle is the same no matter which method you choose.

32、 There are several producers of accounting programs. What program is most suitable depends on what type of business you are running. You can often get the opportunity to test a program for a certain period of time before you must pay for a program licence.您可以手动记帐现金簿中或保持电子帐户使用计算机方案。原则是相同无论哪种方法，您选择的。有

33、几个生产者的会计程序。最适合什么程序取决于您运行的什么类型的业务。通常，您可以测试一个程序，一段时间之前你必须赔偿程序牌照的机会。Do your own accounts or engage outside assistance做自己的帐户，或聘请外部援助Doing your own accounts takes time, but it does provide good insight into what is happening in your business. If you choose to engage a practising accountant, a book-keepin

34、g agency or some other professional assistance, you will reduce your workload and have an expert to discuss things with.做自己的帐户需要时间，但它不会提供好的消费者洞察到发生在您的业务。如果您选择进行执业会计师，簿记机构或一些其他专业的援助，将降低您的工作负荷和有专家讨论的东西。Accounts provide information about the situation in your business帐户提供有关情况的信息，在您的业务Accounts give you

35、financial information about your business. You can use your accounts to produce up-to-date status reports every month that give you answers to questions like:帐户给您您的业务的财务资料。生产每个月给你问题的答案的最新状态报告，您可以使用您的帐户：What was the profit or loss for the month?月是利润或损失什么？What is the profit or loss like compared with

36、the previous month or year?什么是利润或类似损失相比前一个月或一年？What does this mean in the short term and how will it affect the business in the longer term?在短期内这意味着什么和它如何会影响业务长远？How much money can I take out of the business?我的生意能多少钱？Other parties also want to know how your business is doing其他各方也想知道您的业务如何做If you nee

37、d finance for your business operations, lenders will want to know if your business is creditworthy. Suppliers may also be interested in seeing the financial position of your business. Especially if you want to buy on credit (be invoiced). Your accounts are also the basis for the taxation of your bus

38、iness. They are where you get the information for your income tax return.Sole trader如果您需要为您的业务运营的财务，放款人会想知道如果您的业务是信誉。供应商也可能希望看到您的业务的财务状况。尤其是如果你想要买信用 (开票)。您的帐户也是业务的您的征税的基础。它们在您获得的信息为您的所得税申报表。个体经营As a sole trader you pay tax on the profit in your business. The profit in your business is your revenue l

39、ess your costs. You are also entitled to make a standard deduction of 25 per cent for social security contributions for self-employed persons, which are deductible. The amount of the profit that is left after the standard deduction is called the surplus from business operations.作为个体经营你支付利润税在您的业务。您的业

40、务的利润是你的收入减去您的成本。你也有权为自雇人士，均可扣除社会保障捐款 25%的标准扣除供款。标准扣除业务从调用盈余后留下的利润总额。Own drawings自己的图纸Since you cannot be employed in your own sole trader business, you cannot take out a salary. The money you take out of the business is called own drawings instead.因为你不能从事个体经营自己的生意，你不能拿出一份薪水。这笔钱，你带出来的业务称为自己的绘图相反。Afte

41、r paying your own social security contributions and local tax and any national income tax, you can make your own withdrawals from what is left of the surplus from the business. You can make own drawings at any time during the year. Just make sure that you have money left for payments of preliminary

42、tax.之后支付自己的社会保障缴款和地方税收与任何国家收入税，可以使你自己取款业务从剩余的左边是什么。您可以在任何一年的时间使自己绘图。只需确保你有离开的初步税收支付的钱。You pay your tax in advance你提前交税A preliminary calculation of your tax is made ahead of your business start when you apply for F tax. After that you pay the tax on a monthly basis. Then, in connection with your tax

43、return, a comparison is made of your preliminary payments and what profit you actually made. After that you are notified of your final tax.当你申请 F 税时，初步计算你的税由领先的业务启动。后，您支付每月税。然后，与你的报税表，比较由你的初步付款和什么利润你其实作出。后，会通知您的您最后评税。Employing staff雇用员工The main principle under the Employment Protection Act is that e

44、mployment contracts are valid for an indefinite term unless otherwise stated explicitly in the employment contract. Indefinite-term, or permanent, employment is the most common form of employment in Sweden. It does not end automatically at a particular point in time and must be terminated by the emp

45、loyee or by you as the employer. In the employment contract you have to state how long the period of notice is. 根据就业保护法 的主要原则是雇佣合约有效期为无限期，除非另有声明显式的雇佣合约。不定中期或长期的就业是在瑞典就业的最常见的形式。它不会自动在特定点的时间，必须作为雇主终止由雇员或你。就业是通知的您要声明多长时间期限的合同。Begin by employing staff for a probationary period首先雇用人员的试用期Before you offer

46、a person employment for an indefinite term, you have the option of employing the person for a probationary period of up to six months. The idea of probation is that it will be converted into employment for an indefinite term at the end of the probationary period.您提供无限期的人就业之前，您可以为六个月的试用期雇用该人的选择。缓刑的想法

47、是它将被转换为就业的暂准期月底为无限期的。Temporary employment临时工作A temporary employment contract must be agreed specially between the employer and the employee. A temporary employment contract must also be permitted under the Employment Protection Act or a collective agreement.特别在雇主与雇员之间，必须同意临时雇佣合约。此外必须根据就业保护法 或集体协议允许临

48、时雇佣合约。The following forms of temporary employment are permitted:允许下列形式的临时就业机会：general fixed-term employment总期限劳动temporary replacement work临时更换工作seasonal employment季节性就业a retired person over the age of 67 years一个退休的人年龄超过67岁Be clear in the contract在合同中予以明确Be careful to make sure that the employment co

49、ntract clearly states that it refers to temporary employment and what type of temporary employment is involved.请务必确保就业明确合同，它指的是临时就业和涉及哪种类型的临时就业机会的国家。Being an entrepreneur in Sweden在瑞典的企业家Are you considering starting a company or selling your services in Sweden? As an EU citizen, you have the same ri

50、ghts and obligations as a Swedish entrepreneur.您正在考虑成立一家公司或销售你的服务在瑞典吗？作为欧盟公民，作为瑞典企业家有同样的权利和义务。The freedom of establishment and the freedom to provide services are two fundamental freedoms central to the EU internal market. This means that, as an EU citizen, you may operate a business in Sweden and h

51、ave the same rights and obligations as Swedish entrepreneurs. For example, you are required to re中央对欧盟内部市场的两个基本自由建立自由和自由地提供服务。这意味着作为欧盟公民，可经营业务在瑞典和有同等的权利和义务作为瑞典企业家。例如，您要注册您的公司，如果您的商务活动需要一个 F 税、 增值税和许可证申请。gister your company, apply for F tax and VAT and a permit if your business activities require one

52、.Registering with the Swedish Migration Board登记与瑞典移民局As an EU citizen, you have right of residence in Sweden. This means you may stay in Sweden for more than three months without a residence permit. You are required to register with the Swedish Migration Board no later than three months after your a

53、rrival in Sweden. If you work in Sweden but reside in another EU country and return there at least once a week, there is no requirement to register in Sweden.作为欧盟公民，你有在瑞典居住权。这意味着您可能在瑞典逗留三个多月没有居住证。您要注册与瑞典移民局不迟于您抵达瑞典后三个月。如果您在瑞典工作但驻留在另一个欧盟国家中，有返回每周至少一次，并无在瑞典注册的规定。Before you can register with the Swedis

54、h Migration Board as self-employed, you must be able to show evidence of company registration or other documents showing that you have your own company. This is why it is important to contact the Swedish Companies Registration Office and the Swedish Tax Agency to register your company first.您可以注册与瑞典

55、移民局为自雇人士之前，您必须能够显示公司注册的证据或其他文件表明，你有你自己的公司。这就是为什么，联络瑞典公司注册办事处及瑞典税务代理首先登记您的公司很重要。Providers of services must also show other documents in addition to copies of passports or ID document when registering. These documents may describe the type of service and the duration of the service provision. The docu

56、ment must be in writing and signed by the recipient of the service.注册时，服务提供商必须还显示在护照副本之外的其它文档 ID。这些文档可能描述了服务的类型和各项服务的持续时间。文档必须以书面作出和签署的这项服务的收件人。Coordination number配位数If you are providing services for a period exceeding six months, your income will normally be taxed in Sweden. If this is the case, yo

57、u will be allocated a coordination number when you register with the Swedish Tax Agency. This replaces the personal identity number and is used in contacts with authorities - when you apply to the Tax Agency for F tax, for example.如果您正在提供服务超过六个月期间内的，你的收入通常会在瑞典征税。如果出现这种情况，您将会分配大量协调与瑞典税务代理在注册时。这将替代个人身

58、份号码，并用于与当局的联系人中，例如应用于 F 税方面，税务代理时。How Sweden is governed瑞典的统治方式Sweden has been a member of the EU since 1995. At national level, Sweden is governed by the Government and the Riksdag (the Swedish Parliament). The Government is supported by ministries and authorities.瑞典自 1995 年以来一直为欧盟成员国。在国家一级，瑞典被受政府和议会 （瑞典议会）。政府各部和机构的支持。Parliamentary elections are held every four years in Sweden. Parliament elects a Prime Minister who in turn elects a government. Sweden has been governed by a four-party centre-right all