广州上海牛津版英语七年级下-重点语法及练习26页

1、广州英语-上海牛津版-七年级下-重点语法Unit1 Making Friends  would like to do”表示“想做” = want to do     E.g. I would like/want to play basketball.我想打篮球。  Playing chess是动词-ing短语，用在is后面作表语 

2、0;  动词-ing短语还可以作主语    enjoy + doing形式  finish, keep, practise等+doing sth.      work as从事工作  E.g. He worked as a bus driver when he was 20.&#

3、160;    He is keen on running.  be in glasses = be wearing glasses 意思是“戴着眼镜”=I am wearing glasses  舞者dance + r 演员act + or 招待员wait + er 工程师engine&

4、#160;+ er  表示“参加某一组织”，“代表某一队伍”时，常用介词on   one of + superlative（最高级）+ n.(plural)（名词复数），表示中最（怎么样）的之一  E.g. Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China.  不定冠词a & an 

5、60; 当第一次提及某人或某物时，在名词前使用a或an   当以辅音音素开头的单词时，前面用a    E.g. a house, a useful book  当以元音因素开头的单词时，前面用an    E.g. an apple, an hour  定冠词the   当我们在次提及到某人或某物时，在名词前用the&#

6、160; 在表示独一无二的事时要用the   国家名和地名前面不用the，例外：the UK, the USA  play the guitar, play volleyball 乐器前加the，球类前不加the  序数词前加the，三餐前不加the，指一家人前加the  many + C.修饰可数名词    much + U. 

7、;修饰不可数名词   at the beginning of在的开始  at the end of在的末尾  in the middle在中间  why not + do sth. = why dont you do sth. Unit2 Our Daily Life  

8、; 单数概念：onethe other两者中的一个，另一个   E.g. I have two brothers. One is a doctor, and the other  is a teacher.   单数概念：oneanother三者或三者中的一个，另一个   复数概念：someother + n.(pl.

9、)一些，另一些（无明确范围）  E.g. Some students come from Yuexiu, some are from Baiyun and others are from Panyu.  复数概念：somethe other + n.(pl.)一些，另一些（有明确范围）  E.g. There are nine 

10、apples on the table. Some are red, the others are green.  一般现在时   频率副词通常位于：be动词，助动词，情态动词的后面，行为动词的前面。sometimes还可以位于 句首。   一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或经常存在的状态、日常行为习惯或客观事实等。  谓语动词是be动词的变化：  否定句：主语 

11、;+ be + not +其它    一般疑问句：be +主语+其它  特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？  谓语动词是行为动词的变化：主语+行为动词原型（+其它当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时，要在行为动词后加“-s”或“-es”  否定句：主语+dont(doesnt)+动词原型（+其它）    一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它 特殊疑问句：

12、特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？  动词第三人称单数形式的构成：  1. 一般的动词后面直接加-s，如：walkwalks  2. 以-s, -x, -sh或-ch结尾的动词后加-es，如：discussdiscusses 3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，变y为i再加-es，如：studystudies 4. 特殊变化，如：dodoes   with+身体特征，经常用来描述一个人的动作、体态特征、外貌或身上的装饰品 

13、0;E.g. the girl with big eyes, the boy with his hands on his head   be in+颜色+衣服表示穿着什么颜色的衣服    E.g. be in the blue T-shirt, be in the white shirt&

14、#160; Unit3 Troubles   interesting、exciting通常用来描述事物  interested、excited通常描述人   keep意为“保持”，连系动词。后跟形容词构成系表结构。表示“保持某种状态”。类似用法的连系动词 还有feel, become等    E.g. feel hot, become more beautiful  

15、一般过去时   表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，一般与表示过去的时间状语连用。  规则动词的过去式变化方式： 1. 一般的动词后面加-ed 2. 以-e结尾的动词后面加-d  3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i，再加-ed  4. 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed   bewas/were    bringbrought

16、    buybought    cancould    comecame    dodid  drivedrove  fallfell    getgot    givegave      gowent  hearheard k

17、nowknew    meetmet    leaveleft    putput  riderode  runran  saysaid seesaw  speakspoke   standtood  stealstole  taketook  teachtaught  wear

18、wore   -ed发音规则：清辅音后发/t/，浊辅音、元音后发/d/，  t、d后发/id/  E.g.       asked    turned  argued    started  ended  fewer and fewer friends朋友越来越少  l

19、ess and less money钱越来越少   Unit4 Hobbies   all的部分否定和全否定：肯定句：All the stars are the same. 所有的星星都是一样的。  部分否定：Not all the stars are the same. = All stars are no

20、t the same. 全否定句：None of the stars are the same.     (none /nn/ 所有都不)   Its + adj. + to do sth. 做什么事情是怎样的。  It是形式主语，真正的主语是to do sth.  E.g.&#

21、160;Its important to learn English well. = To learn English well is important. = Learning English well is important.   -ed修饰人，-ing修饰物    few修饰可数，less修饰不可数   

22、60;  as well as连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词用“就远原则”，也就是跟最前边的主语保持一致。  E.g. The teacher as well as the students wants to see the film.   when从句可放在主句前或后，当位于主句之前时，句中要用逗号隔开。  when时间状语从句中，主句与从句的时态要一致。 

23、 区别except/besides和except for：  except：指“（不包括本身在内的）除之外”，“-”  E.g. He gets up early every day except Sunday. besides：指“（包括本身在内的）除之外”，“+”  E.g. Five others were late besides me. excep

24、t for：指前后比较范围是不同类型的      E.g. Except for one old man, the bus was empty.  Unit5 Encyclopaedias   当neithernor连接两个主语时，主谓一致采用“就近原则”，即跟后边的那个主语保持人称和数的一 致。  E.g. Neither y

25、ou nor she is wrong.     Neither she nor you are wrong.   a number of“许多的；大量的”，=many，修饰可数名词复数，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。E.g. A number of students are playing on the playgr

26、ound.  Countable & Uncountable Noun可数与不可数名词：   单数 复数 近 this这个 these这些 远  that那个  those那些   修饰可数名词：不定冠词(a, an)，数词many, (a)few, several, a number of  修饰不可数名词：

27、much, (a)little, a great deal of 共同的：some, all, a lot of, lots of  可数名词复数的构成方法： 1. 一般在名词后加-s：dogdogs  2. 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的名词加-es：watchwatches  3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词改y为i再加es：countryco

28、untries 4. 以o结尾的名词，加-s或-es：potatopotatoes, tomatotomatoes 5. 以f, fe结尾的名词，改f, fe为v加-es：knifeknives 6. 需要记忆的特殊复数形式   复合词的复数：改中心词为复数  girl studentgirl students   一张纸a piece of paper,一条建议a 

29、piece of advice,一条新闻a piece of news,一支粉笔a piece  of chalk,一瓶墨水a bottle of ink,一碗米饭a bowl of rice,一杯啤酒a glass of beer,一公斤盐a kilo of salt 一单选题1.-Can I talk to you for a minute, Bob?-Sure, I ha

30、ve _ time.A.a few B.little C.few D.a little2.Neither animals nor plants can live on the moon because there is _air or water on it.A.enough B.few C.no D.little3.-_ does the nice coat cost? -Only thirty dollars.A.How many B.How much C. How few D. How little 4.-I got a letter from my friend but there w

31、asn't _ news.A. many B.much C.few D.little5.Last time I wasn't _ in the exam. I made a lot of mistakes.A. careful enough B.enough careful C.carefully enough D.enough carefully 6.Though he has a lot of money, he has_ friends. So he always feels lonely.A.few B.a few C.little D.a little7.I am a

32、fraid the T-shirt is_ expensive. I won't take it.A. too much B.much too C.too many D.many too8. There isn't_ cooking oil left .Could you go and buy _ ,dear?A.some;some B.any; any C. some;any D. any;some9.-Would you like_ ? -Yes, please.A. some breads B.a few milk C. two kilo of meats D.a lit

33、tle water10.Linda, hurry up! There is only _ time left.A.a few B. a little C.few D. little1. 反意疑问句反意疑问句是由两部分组成的，前一部分是对事物的陈述（即陈述句），后一部分是简短的提问（即简短疑问句），中间用逗号隔开。如果前一部分用肯定句，后一部分就用否定疑问句；如果前一部分用否定句，后一部分就用肯定疑问句。两部分的人称和时态要一致。其回答是用yes或no来表示。肯定反意疑问句的回答和否定反意疑问句的回答翻译成汉语是有区别的：1）肯定反意疑问句回答时yes和no翻译成汉语时是一致的：例如："

34、;Its new, isnt it?" "Yes,it is." （“这是新的，对吗？”“是，是新的。”）"Its new, isnt it?" "No,it isn't."（“这是新的，对吗？”“不，不是新的。”）2）而否定反意疑问句回答时yes和no翻译成汉语时是不一致的：如："It isn't new, is it?" "Yes,it is." （“这不是新的，对吗？”“不，是新的。”）"It isn't new, is it?" &q

35、uot;No,it isn't."（“这不是新的，对吗？”“是，不是新的。”） 初中英语反意疑问句练习题1. I suppose the shoes will last you at least one year, _? A. wont they B. will they C. do I D. dont 2. Everyone is surprised at the news, _? A, is he B. are they C. arent they D. is not he 3. - You will come to have dinner with us, wont y

36、ou? - _ A. Excuse me, I wont. B. I havent been there. C. You are welcome. D. Yes. Thats very nice of you. 4. Tom isnt a hard-working student, for it is the third time he has been late, _? A. wasnt it B. hasnt it C. isnt it D. hasnt he 5. You dont have to go school on Sundays, _ you? A. have B. do C.

37、 should D. would 6. I dont think he had his supper at the school, _? A. had he B. did he C. do I D. dont you 7.I dont think hed like to take such a difficult job, _? A. had he B. would he C. do I D. dont you 8. I dont think her passports gone, _? A. is it B. has she C. do I D. dont you 9. Do pay att

38、ention to my work and keep your eyes open all the time, _? A. will you B. dont you C. shall we D. wont we 10. All the drivers dislike driving on the narrow roads _? A. dont they B. dont each of them C. do I D. dont you 11. Lets go and have a walk,_? A. do B. shall C. havent D. shant 12. Go and fetch

39、 a chair for him, _? A. dont you B. shall you C. wont you D. will you 13. There used to be a shop behind the factory, _? A. didnt there B. used there C. usednt it C. didnt it 14. Im sure he must have been sleeping at the moment, _? A. arent I B, mustnt C. wasnt he D. hasnt 15. I had to tell the trut

40、h, _? A. hadnt I B. wouldnt I C. didnt I D. shouldnt I 16.- Why is Tom absent now ? -He must be sick,_? A. isnt he B. must he C. is he D. mustnt he 17, Hed like to have a look at your picture,_-he ? A. hadnt B. didnt C .couldnt D .wouldnt 18. You dont think he will come,_? A. do you B. will you C. w

41、ill he D. wont he 19. Lets go home, shall we? _. A. Thats right. B. Thats all C. Thats all right D. All right 20. Jack had dinner with his mother at home yesterday, A. did B. does C. didnt D. hadnt 21. Let John finish the work all by himself,_? A. shall we B. will you C. do you D. do we 22.I dont th

42、ink it is going to rain, _ it? A. do I B. do you C. is D. isnt 23. Nothing the boy did was right, _ it? A. was B. did C. wasnt C. didnt 24. Its the first time that she has been to the United States, _? A. isnt she B. isnt it C. hasnt she D. hasnt it 25. He was hardly able to stand on his feet after

43、the car accident,_ he? A. could B. couldnt C. was D. wasnt 26. Jack seldom goes to the park, _? A. does he B. doesnt he C. does Jack D. doesnt Jack 27. People use tag question (反意疑问) because they are not sure of what they have said _they? A. do B. did C. didnt D. dont 28. Everyone wants to be chosen

44、 for the work, _? A. isnt he B. does he C. dont they D. do they 29. She is going to see you ,_ she ? A. isnt B. is C. dont D. doesnt 30. They used to live in these mountain areas ,_ they? A. did B. didnt C. used D. werent 31. He ought to go by plane, _he ? A. shouldnt B. wouldnt C. should D. would 3

45、2. Lovely weather! _? A. Yes. You are right. B. Yes ,isnt it C. No, it is D. No, you are wrong 33. - You must do as I tell you. -Oh, I must, _I? A. should B. mustnt C. ought D. must 34. We must start earlier,_ we? A. neednt B. mustnt C. dont D. mustnt 35. You must have studied English for many years

46、, _ you? A. didnt B. havent C. neednt D. mustnt 36. She must have arrived there yesterday, _ she ? A. didnt B. hasnt C. neednt D. mustnt 37. We mustnt be late, _ we? A. must B. may C. are D. A&B 38, I neednt show her the keys to the question, _ I? A. must B. need C. can D. do 39. We need to prac

47、tice speaking English more often, _ we? A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. dont 40. I have to work this afternoon,_ I? A. dont C, havent D. do2. 现在进行时构成：be + v-ing. 助动词be的形式要根据主语的人称和数来决定。1、现在进行时的标志：Look! Listen! Now，Its oclock, 等词2、现在进行时的基本用法：a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情或当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 We are waiti

48、ng for you. Im doing my homework now. They are watching TV.b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。Mr. Green is writing another novel(小说).(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)3、动词-ing的变形规则1）一般情况直接加-ing。Playplaying looklooking gogoing2）以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing。writewriting taketaking 3）重读闭音节，双写末尾的字母，再加ing。 swimswimming c.已经确定或安排好的将来活

49、动 I'm leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.（已经安排了） we're flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了） d.有些动词（状态动词）不用于进行时态 1.表示知道或了解的动词:believe, forget, imagine, know, remember, understand 2.表示“看起来”“看上去", seem 3表示喜爱或不喜爱 hate, like. lover. prefer 4表示构成或来源的动词 be come from. 5表示感官的动词 hear， see， smell，

50、 sound， taste 6表示拥有的动词belong to, need. own . want wish何时使用现在进行时：(1)当句子中有now时，常表示动作正在进行，这时要用现在进行时(2)以look, listen开头的句子，提示我们动作正进行，这时用现在进行时。(3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作，且此时有this week, these days等时间状语，这时常用现在进行时。如： We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。 (4)描述图片中的人物的动作，也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。如： Look at

51、 the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图，那些孩子正在公园放风筝。 用所给单词的适当形式填空1. Look! The grandma _(run)after the grandson.2. Listen! The students _(sing)an English song.3. Dont go out. It_(rain)hard now.4. Tom _(read) a book now. 5. Is your father _(fish) now? 6. Are they _(have) breakfast

52、 now?7. The children _(not listen) to the music now.8. What are you _(do) now? I _(eat) bread. 9. Its nine oclock. My father_(work) in the office.10. Look, the boy_(put) the rubbish into the bin. 11. _he_(clean) the classroom? No, he isnt. He_(play). 12. Where is Make? He_(run) on the grass.13. List

53、en, who_(sing) in the music room? Oh, Mary_(sing) there. 14. It is half past eight now, but they _(still have) their supper at home.15. Look! Jim _ （play） basketball on the playground.16. What _ the students _ (do) there?   They _ (have) an English evening.17. Listen! Some birds _ (sing) o

54、utside in the yard.用动词的适当形式填空1.   She _ (go) to school at eight oclock.2.   Its six oclock. They are _ supper. (eat)3.   He usually _ up at 17:00.(get )4I _(be) from Australia.5Jane and Tom _ (be) my friends.6There _ (be) some glasses on it.7My uncle _ (l

55、ive)in Nanjing now.8_ Lucy and Lily _ (like)China?9Li Lei _ (not like)to drink orange soda.10_Kate _ (speak) French? Yes, she does.11Jim _ (not ride) his bike often.12Tom _ (not do)the morning exercises often.13Tom and his father _  (swim) now.14Look ! They _ (run) along the street.II.选择填空1He o

56、ften _ supper at 6:00 in the evening. A. have B. has c. is having D. is eating2. Its 6 oclock in the morning. He _. A. get up B. gets up C. is geting up D. is getting up3. What are you doing? Im _ TV. A. watch B. watches C. to watch D. watching4. We _ any Chinese classes on Friday. A. are having B.

57、arent having C. dont have D. are have5. Tom _ an English class now. A. is having B. has C. having D. have6. Are you playing basketball? No, we _. A. isnt B. arent C. not D. dont 7. Listen! The girl_ in the room.A. sings B. singing C. is singing D. are singing8. The boy is _ to his teacher. A. saying

58、 B. speaking C. talking D. telling9. Im _ a book in the room. A. watching B. seeing C. reading D. looking10. Where _ he _ from? A. is, come B. do, come C. does, come D. is , from11. What language do you _ ? A. say B. speak C. talk D. tell12.Today Jim_ his white shirt and brown trousers. A is putting

59、 on B wear C put on D is wearing13._are you eating? I'm eating _ meat. A What, some B Which, any C Where, not D What, a14.They_TV in the evening. They do their homework.A are watching B can't watching C don't watch D don't watching15.The children _ football. A is playing B are playin

60、g C play the D play a3. when, while和as的区别 时间连词while，as与when是同义词，均可解为“当时候”，用来引导时间状语从句。 when引导的状语从句时态用一般过去时或一般现在时，而while后的状语从句时态是进行时，其次when和while在表示时间上，when往往指时间上的一点，而while指一段时间，while 另指“在的同时”Eg. The headmaster came into the classroom while he was talking loudly.She began to learn English when she was

61、 five. as 有时可与when, while通用，但它着重指主句和从句中的动作或事情同时发生，不是一前一后。As we walked, we talked.4. also, too, either 与 as well 的用法区别1) too 和 as well 多用于口语中，语气较轻，通常用于肯定句或疑问句，一般不用于否定句，且通常放在句末。如：Are they coming, too as well? 注意：在 Me too; You too这类简略答语中，通常不用 as well或also。2) also 比 too 和 as well 正式，一般也不用于否定句，它在句中的位置通常是

62、紧靠动词，即放在行为动词之前，特殊动之后。有时为了强调也放在句末(但不常见)。如：She is young and beautiful，and also rich. 说明：also 有时用于句首(其后通常有逗号)，相当于连词 and。如：Also, his mother was dead. 3) either(也)通常只用于否定句，且要放在句末。如：He hasnt finished it, either. too      either     also  

63、60;as well     训练 1.Making soup is not easy, and being a good chef is not easy,       .  2.He gave me advice and money _. 3.&

64、#160;He will go to town tomorrow, I shall _ go. 4. I cant play the piano. He cant, _. 5. My father likes reading, and I do,_. 6.I like you_ 7.Are 

65、;they coming _? 8.If he wants to go _, he should meet us at 8:00. 9.Frank can come with us. Nancy can come with us _.  10.I am Canadian _.  11.I can speak French _.  12.I love&