初中英语被动语态总复习实用教案

1、1.一般现在(xinzi)时态的被动语态结构: am/is/are + vt 过去分词2.一般过去时态(sh ti)的被动语态结构: was/ were + vt 过去分词3.含有情态动词的被动语态结构: 情态动词+be+ vt 过去分词4.一般将来时的被动语态结构: will/shall +be + vt 过去分词5.现在进行时态的被动语态结构: am/ is /are+being + vt 过去分词6.过去进行时态的被动语态结构:was / were + being+ vt 过去分词7.现在完成时态的被动语态结构: have/has been + vt 过去分词第1页/共38页第一页，共3

2、9页。 知识点再现知识点再现(zixin):被动语态被动语态 结构结构(jigu)(jigu)：be +be +动词的过去分动词的过去分词词 意义：强调主语是动作的承受者意义：强调主语是动作的承受者 何时何时(h sh)使用使用变化方法变化方法注意事项注意事项第2页/共38页第二页，共39页。变化变化(binhu)：示例示例The boy broke the glass.The glass was broken by the boy.从主动从主动(zhdng)语态变为语态变为被动语态被动语态1.1.主语主语(zhy) (zhy) 介词介词by by 宾语宾语2.2.谓语谓语 加加be,be,并

3、变为过去分词并变为过去分词3.3.宾语宾语 主语主语(zhy)(zhy)第3页/共38页第三页，共39页。1.They make shoes in that factory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词(j w dn c)+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般现在一般现在(xinzi)时：时：S(主语）主语）+am/is /are +过去分词过去分词第4页/共38页第四页，共39页。2. They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them) last

4、 term.一般一般(ybn)过去时：过去时：S+was/were +过去过去分词分词第5页/共38页第五页，共39页。Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主谓宾(受动者)The roomwill be cleanedby Tom tomorrow.一般(ybn)将来时;will be+动词的过去分词第6页/共38页第六页，共39页。3Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情态情态(qngti)动词：动词：S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去

5、过去分词分词第7页/共38页第七页，共39页。5.Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.现在现在(xinzi)进行时：进行时： S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词过去分词第8页/共38页第八页，共39页。7I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night.过去过去(guq)进行时：进行时： S+ wa

6、s/were+being+过去过去(guq)分分词词第9页/共38页第九页，共39页。6We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.现在现在(xinzi)完成时：完成时： S+ have/has + been+过去分词过去分词第10页/共38页第十页，共39页。二、常见语态转换（一）一般(ybn)现在时和一般(ybn)过去时的被动语态。引入练习1。请将下列主动语态变成被动语态1.Lucy bought some fruit. Some fruit _ _ _ Lucy.2.Uncle Wang water

7、s the flowers every day. The flowers _ _ _ Uncle Wang every day.3.Did they build the bridge in 1998? _ the bridge _ in 1998?4.When did Lu Xun write these books?When _these books _ _ Lu Xun?5.The farmers dont grow apples on the farm.Apples _ _ on the farm.6.They didnt clean the classroom yesterday.Th

8、e classroom _ _ yesterday.小结：1、被动语态的转换，在be+过去分词中，确定_ 是关键，_永不变。2、Be的时态由_确定；be的单/复数由_确定。3、问句提前_; 否定_后加not.was bought by are watered byWasbuiltwere written by arent grownwasnt cleanedbe 形过去分词主动(zhdng)时态 被动(bidng)主语be动词be第11页/共38页第十一页，共39页。(二）一般现在(xinzi)时带情态动词的被动语态。引入练习2。请将下列主动语态变成被动语态。1.You can do the

9、work all by yourself. The work _ _ _ all by yourself.2.We must plant more trees. More trees _ _ _.3.We should dig a large hole. A large hole _ _ _.4.Can we put our bikes here? _ our bikes _ _ here?5.You mustnt throw rubbish here. Rubbish _ _ _ here.6.We cant see many stars. Many stars _ _ _ . 小结：1.含

10、情态动词的被动结构： _.2.疑问句提前_; 否定句：_+not.can be donemust be plantedshould be dugCanbe putmustnt be thrown cant be seen 情态(qngti)动词+be+过去分词情态(qngti)动词情态动词第12页/共38页第十二页，共39页。1.1.一般可变为被动语态的动词为及物动词一般可变为被动语态的动词为及物动词2.be2.be动词可根据人称、时态动词可根据人称、时态(sh ti)(sh ti)、数进、数进行变化行变化. .3.3.不特别强调动作执行者时，不特别强调动作执行者时，byby短语短语( (即即

11、 by by和后面的宾语和后面的宾语) )一般可以省略一般可以省略注意事项：注意事项：第13页/共38页第十三页，共39页。This work may_ today.（finish）Can my bike _ here? (mend)The cars cant _ here.（park ）含有情态含有情态(qngti)(qngti)动词的被动语态，动词的被动语态，情态情态(qngti)(qngti)动词后面的动词后面的be be 动词用动词用原形原形 be finishedbe mendedbe parked第14页/共38页第十四页，共39页。1.We call Mr. Smith a li

12、ving Lei Feng. Mr. Smith_ a living Lei Feng (by us).2.Toms father bought him a book. He _ a book (by his father)A book_him (by his father)带双宾语的句子有两种改法: 一般情况下把指人的宾语作为(zuwi)被动句的主语.当把直接宾语物作为(zuwi)主语时，要加介词to,forwas boughtis called第15页/共38页第十五页，共39页。pass, show, send 此类动词(dngc)有：buy如：givebe given to 此类动词(

13、dngc)还有：第16页/共38页第十六页，共39页。1. Please pass the book to Lily.The book is passed to Lily by you please.Lily is passed the book.2. He gave me a beautiful present.I was given a beautiful present by him.A beautiful present was given to me .第17页/共38页第十七页，共39页。感官动词感官动词(hear, see, watch, feel, notice(hear, s

14、ee, watch, feel, notice等等) )和使和使役动词役动词(let ,make have(let ,make have等等) )在主动语态中后接不在主动语态中后接不带带toto的动词不定式的动词不定式, ,但是但是(dnsh)(dnsh)改为被动语改为被动语态时态时, , 把把toto加在动词原形之前加在动词原形之前. .They made the boys work 12 hours a day.The boys were made to work 12 hours a day.We often see him go for a walk by the river.He i

15、s often seen to go for a walk by the river.第18页/共38页第十八页，共39页。1. The teachers often make us read books in the morning. We are often made to read books in the morning by the teachers.2. We noticed him talk with my brother just now.He was noticed to talk with my brother just now.3. We saw her help Tom

16、 when we enter the room.She was seen to help Tom when we enter the room.4. I made him stop while he was doing the work.He was made to stop while he was doing the work.第19页/共38页第十九页，共39页。 3 主动句中含有(hn yu)宾语补足语句子的被动语态:把人变为主语 Mother told me not to be late. I was told not to be late by mother. I saw moth

17、er planting flowers in the garden. Mother was seen planting flowers in the garden. 第20页/共38页第二十页，共39页。Speak to be spoken toHand in be handed in第21页/共38页第二十一页，共39页。4 短语(duny)动词的被动语态 I can take good care of the baby. The baby can be taken good care of.We should speak to the old politely.The old should

18、 be spoken to politely. 第22页/共38页第二十二页，共39页。 The rain stopped.不及物动词(j w dn c)（vi.)不能用于被动语态。happen, take place ,appear, disappear,belong to ,break out (爆发(bof)）第23页/共38页第二十三页，共39页。 . A traffic accident _(happen) just now.happened2. 连系动词(dngc)（Link.v.)不用被动语态。 如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, tast

19、e, get, turn, become . Peking Opera _ (sound) beautiful.sounds 3. 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候(sh hou)，不用被动语态 。 e.g. The pen _(write) very fast.writes This kind of sweater _(sell) well. sells第24页/共38页第二十四页，共39页。三、汉语中含有(hn yu)“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house an

20、d It was reported that her mother died of SARS.众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说 It is supposed that 第25页/共38页第二十五页，共39页。Practice:1 Must I pay for it at once?_ it _ _ _ at once?2 We will build a new lab.A new lab _ _ _.3 They arent stopping the traffic now.The traffic _ _ _ now.4 How long have you kep

21、t the book?How long _ the book _ _? Mustbeenpaidforwillbebuiltisntbeenstoppinghasbeenkept第26页/共38页第二十六页，共39页。5 If your homework _(do) well,you may go to play.6 Mr.Green was seen _ (grow) trees.7 The blackboard was _ (look) carefully by the students.8 The ship model _ be _ (make)in two days.is doneto

22、 growlooked atwillmade第27页/共38页第二十七页，共39页。1.-Did you go to Jims birthday party? -No, I _ (北京2003年中招试题(sht) A. am not invited B. wasnt invited C. havent invited D. didnt invited2. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _ into the river. A. neednt be thrown B. mustnt be thrown C. cant throw D. may n

23、ot throw (重庆2003年中招试题(sht)BB第28页/共38页第二十八页，共39页。考点(ko din)聚焦1、主动(zhdng)语态为动词原形作宾语补足语。The workers were made 12 hours a day n the old days.A. work B. to work2、主动(zhdng)语态的谓语为短语动词。Their homework half an hour ago.A. was handed in B. was handed AB第29页/共38页第二十九页，共39页。3.You may go fishing if your work_. (河

24、北(h bi)2003年中招试题) A. is done B. will be done C. has done D. have done4.We are told _ everywhere. Its our duty to keep our school clean. (辽宁2003年中招试题) not to make much noise B. to throw waste paper C. to draw D. not to spitAD第30页/共38页第三十页，共39页。1.- What do you think of the football match yesterday ?-

25、Its surprising. The strongest team _.A. was beaten B. won C. scored D. was failed2.I wont come to the party unless Sue_.A. will invite B. invites C. invited D. is invited3.What are on show in the museum? Some photos _ by African children.A. are taken B. have been taken C. taken D. were taken4. The b

26、oy _ study at home by her last Sunday.A made B was made C was made to D made to中招模拟中招模拟(mn)ADCC第31页/共38页第三十一页，共39页。4.The trees must _ three times a week.A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters5.Another new building _last month near my school.A. was built B. built C. has been built D. is buil

27、t6. A new bridge _ over the river next year.A is built B will build C will be built D will built7. TV and radio programes _ the other side of the world with the help of the satellites.A can send to B can send on C can be sent to D can be sent onCACC第32页/共38页第三十二页，共39页。3. In summer meat and fruit _fo

28、r a long time.A cant be kept B doesnt keep C is not kept D isnt keeping4. These films _ by young children.A should not seen B shouldnt be seen C should be not seen D should see5. The piece of music _ great.A sounds B sounded C is sounded D is sounding6. It _ in a small village last month.A happened

29、B was happened C happen D had happenedABAA第33页/共38页第三十三页，共39页。2. Our classroom should _ clean and tidy.A was kept B be kept C is keep D have kept3. No letter _ since you left for Shanghai.A have received B have been received C had been received D has been received4. Im afraid you cant go in. The roo

30、m_.A is painted B has painted C is being painted D is painting6. The girl _singing when we passed by.A heard B was heard C was heard to D heard toBDCB第34页/共38页第三十四页，共39页。3. My new pen _ well.A writes B is writing C is written D was writing4. A lot of money _ spent on books.A has B have C has been D have been5.Another bridge_s