九年级-宾语从句-定语从句讲解及练习题

1、宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用，可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。引导宾语从句词有:连词that，if，whether；连接代词who，whose，what，which；连接副词when，where，how， why等。e.g1) I think (that) women can reach very high achievements in many fields of science.2) I wonder whether/if she remembered how many babies she had delivered3) Do you know who/whom Jack

2、 was speaking to?4) He asked whose car it was.5) Pay attention to what the doctor said.6) Please tell me when the earthquake took place.7) Will you tell me how I can keep fit and healthy?总结：(1)大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后：（注意要用语序） e.g. He doesn't know where the post office is. (2)有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语： e.g. He told m

3、e what I should read(3)如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语，要使用形式宾语 it 而将从句放到补足语后面； e.g. I thought it strange that he failed to call me 我觉得奇怪：他没给我打电话。4 . 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语 可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态. a .他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的. He believes _ . b .请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么. Please tell me _.5 . 如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时，从句谓语

4、通常用一般现在时。a 他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。 He told me _ . b 他说他已离开家乡十年了。 He told me _. c 老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。 The teacher tell us _定语从句练习题限制性定语从句考点及学习方法学习方法：拆分法连接词从句的单复数及主被动定语从句的连接词考点（关系副词、关系代词）连接词的省略问题基础考点:对人、物分别做主格、宾格的考点That问题 1 、that的三加三不加） 关系代词及关系副词的区别 关系代词的选择问题Where为代表的 重点句型(where为代表的重点句型）定语从句1 概念定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分

5、词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以分词、介词短语为例）例： Mary is a beautiful girl. The girl behind the tree is Kate.The man driving too fast was a drunk.拆分法拆、找、合 一个戴眼镜的女孩在上课 拆：拆成有同一个字的两个句子。 一个女孩在上课，这个女孩戴眼镜。 找：找同一字 翻译句子 the girl is having class; the girl wears glasses 根据特殊疑问句的知识，在第二句找出特殊疑问词 the girl wears glasseswho 合：把特殊

6、疑问句紧挨着同一字放上去 The girl who wears glasses is having class 2 这个戴眼镜的学生在吃饭 拆： The student is having dinner, the student wears glasses 找: 合: 我们用我05年买的电脑 拆： 找： 合； Join two sentences into one: The boy is my brother. He helped me. The film is interesting. They saw it last night用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的名（代）词叫作先行词

7、。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。1. The students (who dont study hard) will not passthe exam.主句:2. The woman (whom you saw in the park) is our English teacher.主句:3. The book (that you want) is on the desk.主句从句的主语: 从句的宾语：4 The man (that/who told us a funny story) is in the next room.引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that, which,whowho

8、m等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。I 用合适的关系代词填空。1) A plane is a machine _ can fly.2) The car _ my uncle bought last week was stolen.3) The students _ dont study hardwill not pass the exam.4) The woman _ you saw inthe park is our English teacher.5) He talked happily about the men and books_ inte

9、rested him greatly in the school.II 判断下列引导词在句中的用法指代、所作成分、是否可省略1.He is such a man who never tells a lie. 2. He is the model worker whom/who we should learn from. 3. A dictionary is a book which often helps us to know the meanings of the words. 4. This is the film which I like best. 5. The boy whose f

10、ather is a professor is one of my best friends.III 改错题：1. That book that you want it is on the desk.2. Is this factory that we visited last week?3. He is the person for whom you are looking4. The person to whom you talked is Lily. 5. 归纳：1定语从句要避免成分重复 2定语从句要避免漏用先行词 3含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开指人指物主语宾语thatwhichwhow

11、hom关系代词which和that的区别：A.关系代词必须用that的情形：1This is the best film that I have ever seen.2The first man arrived at the class was our headteacher.3This is the only ticket that I got yesterday.4This is the very book that Im looking for.5Is there anything that I can do for you?6All that you have to do is to

12、press the button.7There is no time that we can waste.8 The car and its driver that knocked down the old lady have been taken to the police station.B.指物时，作介词的宾语，关系代词只能用whichThis is the question about which weve had so much discussion. I Fill in the gaps:1.The terrible typhoon killed the people and ca

13、ttle_ were in the fields.2.The wind blew down the tallest tree _ is in front of our school gate.3.This is the very thing _ I was looking for.4.This is the second novel _ I have ever read.5.There is nothing in the world _ can frightenme.6.Who is the man _ is reading under the tree?7.My hometown is no

14、t the same one _ it usedto be twenty years ago.II Correct the following sentences:1.This is the best film which I have seen.2.Thats all which want to say. 3.Is there anything which you want in this shop? 4.He talked about some writers and books which/who were unknown to us all. 5.The room in that sh

15、e lives is a large one. “介词关系代词”即“介词whom/which”引导定语从句应注意：1介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素A.及先行词的搭配关系1）I will never forget the day _ I joined the army.2) I will never forget the days _ I worked in the school.3) I will never forget the year _ my sonwent to college.4) I got home at 7:00 p.m. yesterday, _most people

16、had hadsupper. B. 及谓语动词的搭配习惯1）Have you found the book _ I paid29 US dollars?2) Have you found the book _ I spent29 US dollars?3) Have you found the book _ we learnt a lot?4) Have you found the book _ she often talks?Whose 用法：例：我喜欢去有悠久历史的地方 拆：I like to visit a place. The places history is long. The p

17、laces history whose history 找：The places history is long.whose 合: I like to visit a place whose history is long. 例：Do you know the woman whose name is Mary. 总结：whose引导的定语从句,whose在从句中作定语,修饰表示人或物的先行词. 对物可用whose, of which 两种 I 用介词关系代词填空 1 The boy was staying in the room _window he could climb down. 2.

18、Hes the man _ I learnt the news. 3. Whos the comrade _ you just shookhands. 4. There are 52 students in our class, _nearly 40 are League members. 5. I know a lady the husband _ is a Nobel Prize winner. 6. Do you know the driver who caused the traffic accident _ a man was killed. 7. This is the way _

19、 she studies English 8. The old man always wears his glasses _ _ he cant see anything. 9.The key_ she was opening the door broke. 10. No one know the reason _ she is leaving so early.II Complete the following sentences: 1. Is this the school _ you visited last year? Is this school _ _ you visited la

20、st year? 2. He is one of the students who _ good at maths. He is the only one of the students who _ good at maths.关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样，具有 多重作用。o 1 在从句中代替先行词。 2 在从句中作状语。 3 连接作用关系副词有三种： where: 在从句中作地点状语,指代地点. when: 在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。why: 在从句中作原因状语,指代原因。 Ø 关系副词的用法：1. where 的用法：(先行词应是地点名词）The hotel

21、 where we stayed wasnt clean.2. when的用法例:我总是记得我们相遇的那一天 拆：我总是记得那一天。我们相遇在那一天。 I always remember the day. We met on the day. 找：on the day when 合: I always remember the day when we met.3 why的用法 例：这就是你总是迟到的原因。 This is the reason why you are late. 例：这就是我邀请你参加晚会的原因。 This is the reason why I invite you to take part in the party. 在定语从句中关系副词都等于一个适当的介词加上which，在从句中作