人教版中考英语最全复习资料

1、2016人教版初中英语中史上最新最全的精品讲义(一)词汇这一讲里，主要帮助同学们掌握名词、冠词、数词的用法，特别是针对同学不易掌握的方面。一、名词关于名词，我们必须掌握名词的数，名词的格。单数可用a、an来修饰可数名词单数，在元音发音开头的单词前用an,如：an apple,a而不是an hour 。dog-dogss,如：1.复数的构成方法：(1) 一般在复数名词后加 (2)以s、x、 ch、 sh 结尾的名词力口 es, 如： bus-buses box boxes watch watchesdishes dish (3)以辅音字母加 y结尾的名词,变y为i加es,如：countrycou

2、ntries baby-babies monkey-monkeys。 如：请区别：如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词，则只须加 s。构成复数。力口 estomato(西红柿)以。结尾的名词，只有 potato(土豆)，(4) leaf-leaves knives 如：knife 为 v 再力口 es, fe(5)以 f、结尾的名词，变 f、fe Japanese-Japanese , Chinese-Chinese 单复数形式相同的词：sheep-sheep, fish -fish 2. foot-feeth, 3.特殊变化的单词有：(1)tooth -teeth policeman -police

3、men, Frenchman -Frenchmen , woman -women(2)man -men (3)child children German(请区别：德国人)Germans4 .常以复数形式出现的名词：people(人),clothes(衣服)，trousers(裤子)glasses(眼镜)，这些名词作主语时，同学们应特别注意它们的谓语，用复数。My clothes are (be) newer than yours. 如：5 .有些名词看似复数形式，实际上是单数。这一点是同学不易掌握的，应特别加以记忆。)No news is good news. 物理消息如：news(), ma

4、ths(数学),physics( 6.可用 how many , many, a few, few, a lot of, lots of, some, any 等来修饰可数名词复(knives )(knife) are therein your pencil -box?数。 How many 不可数名词：1.常见的不可数名词有：water, rice , fish, meat,等。应特别记medicine,news,work,homework,housework,money,chalk,weather,cotton,wood.6 .不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单数。如： Some brea

5、d(be) over there.(is ) .等来修饰不可数名词。3.常用 how much, much, a little, little, a lot of, some, any7 .常用a piece of, a cup of等来表示不可数名词的量。如要表达"两片面包”这样的意义，twopieces of bread 。即：贝U可力口 s,而 bread 仍为不可数名词，不力口 spiece three boxes of apples 如：三箱苹果 请区别：可数名词也可用量来表示，(are ) over there. 例： 1、These two pieces of brea

6、d(be)(C )?、Could I have three,please2D.pieces of breadsA.piece of bread B.piece of breads C.pieces of bread名词的格名词所有格的构成方法，在名词后加“s"。如：Tom-Tom's译为“的”，若遇上以s结尾的复数名词，则在 s后加"'"即可。如：Teachers' Day , two weeks' holiday ,而不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，仍按惯例加's。如：Children's Day关于名词所有格，应掌

7、握以下几点：去医生家。如：my aunt's我姑姑家。go to the doctor's 1.可用名词所有格表示地点。2.表示两人共同拥有，在最后一个名词后加's如：Lucy and Lily's room 露西和莉莉的房间我的一个朋友 a friend of mine一个五岁的女孩3.掌握词组：a girl of fiveThe white shirt is and blue one is .(B) my D. Kate's, mine 、Kate, my B. Kate's, mine C. Kate , A _.、冠词冠词是词汇中的基础的

8、，也是简单的部分，所以同学们有必要掌握其基本用法，归纳起 the定冠词a, an和来，同学们应该掌握以下几点：1.冠词指不定冠词2.不定冠词an常用于元音发音开头的词前，如： an hour, an English car. 请区另I： a usefulmachine3.指上文提到过的人或物，用定冠词the如：4.在世界上独一无二的事物前用定冠词the.the sun, the moon, the earth5.定冠词the用于序数词前，表示方位的名词和形容词最高级前。the first , the best ,in the south 如：，表示xx 一家人，常看成复数。the 6.在复数姓

9、氏前加TheBrowns are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer. 如：in the box ,behind the chair the ,如：7.在介词短语中常用定冠词的几个方面：the 8.特别注意不能用定冠词in summer, in August在节日、星期、月份、季节、年等词前不用冠词。如：(1) the)这里表示特指，故加请区别：in the spring of 1945. ( have breakfast ,play football 如： 一日三餐和球类运动名不用冠词。(2).go to bed ,go to school

10、, by bus ,at night.(3) 一些固定词组中，如：在有些词组中，有冠词和无冠词意思不同，请注意区别：9.在医院里in the hospital在前面in frontofin hospital (生病)住院in the front of 在范围内的前部(C) :There's 800 -metre-long road behind hospital. 练习 the D .a,C. an, the A. an, an B. a, a三、数词同学们首先应会读会写所有基数词和序数词，以及与数词有关的钟点表达法。对数词的考查，中考常采用单选题及听力题，这些题型归纳起来，应掌握以下

11、几点特别容易出错的地方。基数词变序数词。其规律为： 1.(first, second, third, fourth) 从 4 起 1,2,3 特殊记，力口 th f (fifth, twelfth) 变，ve 逢 5 逢 12, 9 去 e,千万别忘记 (eighth, ninth) 8 少 t 20 至U 90, y 要变 ie (twentieth, ninetieth) 若是几十 几，前基后序别倒位 (ninety -first)2.hundred,thousand,million 在构成具体的数字时用单数形式。如：five hundred people.，构成复数形式。只有在表达笼统的

12、多数时才加s数以千计的，成千上万的thousands of数以百计的，成百上千的hundreds of数百万的这些词组前不能用具体数字。millions of连用。序数词常与定冠词the 3. ( A) Henry has learned eight French words thisyear. 练习:D. hundreds of C. hundred of B. hundredsA. hundredThe(twenty) lesson is the most difficult one in Book Two. (twentieth)另外，同学们还应掌握与数词有关的钟点表达法。four fo

13、rty -five 4:45 如：4:30 four thirty (顺读法钟点 十 分钟)4:30 half past four 如：) 倒读法(分钟 + to/past+钟点 4:15 four fifteena quarter to five 4:45 fifteen to five /4:15 fifteen past four /a quarter past four练习题 1. At the beginning of the(twenty) century, the world's population was about 1700 million.(twentieth)(

14、watches) 2.Are these(watch)yours? Yes.3.You don't look well. You'd better go to the(doctor) at once. (doctor's)( C ) 4.Would you give me, please?D.two pieces of papersA.two papers B.two piece of paper C.two pieces ofpaper(B) 5.There are threeand sevenin the picture.D. monkies, sheeps C.

15、monkies, sheep B. monkeys, sheep A. monkeys, sheeps6 .A lot ofare talking with two.A. Germans, Frenchmans B. Germen, Frenchmans C. German, Frenchmen(D) D.Germans,Frenchmen7 .June 1 is _. A. the Children's Day B. the Childrens' Day(A) C. Children's Day D. Childrens' Day(A ) 8.people w

16、ent out to see what had happened.D.Three thousands A. Thousands of B. Three thousand of C.Thousand of(B) 9.We have been in the school for.B. three and a half monthsA. three and a half monthD. three months and half C. three month and a half10.English isuseful language. A. A, an B./, a C.The, an(B) D.

17、 A, /11.John was given orange bag for his birthday but bag was lost just now.(D) C .the ,aD. an, the A. an, a B. a, the12.There's old tree near house. A.a, an B.an, the C.a, the D.the ,a(B)13.There is 800 -metre-long road behind hospital.(C) B. a, a C .an ,the D .a, the A. an, an四 . 代词they 、 we

18、、 you 复数 主格 : 单数 I 、 you 、 he 、 she 、 it 人称代词:them 、 、 you 、 it 复数 us 、宾格 : 单数 me 、 you 、 him hertheir 、 、 your 、 its 、 our my : 形容词性、 your 、 his 、 her 物主代词theirs yours 、 its 、ours 、 mine 、 yours 、 his 、 hers 、名词性反身代词: myself 、 yourself 、 himself 、 herself 、 itself 、 ourselves 、 yourselves 、 themsel

19、ves1 .形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语，相当于一个形容词，名词性物主代词在句中可作表语、主语和宾语，相当于一个名词。是单数还是复数。 2. 注意名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系 , ours=our books) Ours are new. ( 这里 These books aren't ours. 如： ours=our room) Ours is over there.( 这里 This is not our room.3.of+ 名词性物主代词表示所属 如： a sister of his 他的一个妹妹a friend of mine 我的一 个朋友人称代词在并列使用时的顺

20、序为： “第二人称， 第三人称， 第一人称” 。 4. 如： You, she and I all enjoy the music.关于反身代词，同学们须掌握其固定结构： 5. )单独、独自 by oneself=alone () 过得很愉快 enjoy oneself=have a good time （help oneself to （随便吃/喝 些.）learn sth. by oneself =teach oneself sth.自学）（练习题（C ）-, I think. 1. -Whose trousers are these?C. Theirs D. Them A. They B

21、. Their2. Nobody taught English. He taught.（ C）C. him, by himselfa few 表肯定意义 修饰不数名词 muchD. his, his A. him, himself B. his, himselffew表否定意义（二）修饰可数名词manylittle表否定意义 a little表肯定意义few 和 little 与 quite 或only连用时，常加不定冠词 a.:There are quite a few new books in the library. 如 :little, a little, few, a few 填空

22、用 1. I often stay at home because I have friends here.2. Jim, don't go and get some water. There is water in the glass.3. Though he learned French only weeks. He can speak very well.4. Lily had bread because she was hungry yesterday.:something, anything, nothing. （三）不定代词 new 如：something当形容词修饰这三个

23、不定代词时，常后置。 （D） There's in today's newspaper.中考题C. anything important D. something important B. important something A. important anything some, every, all, both, either, another 另外，还要注意代词四）（l.some （一些，某）一般用于肯定句中 注：some有时也可用于表示请求的疑问句中。多用于疑问句和否定句（任何）any Would you like some meat? W川 you give me

24、some water?Could I have some apples? May I ask some questions? （I形式上为单数。，“每一个”强调共性，作定语2.every+单数名词 连用。常与of each "每 一个” 强调个性，作定语、主语、宾语和同位语， ：Each student was asked to try again. Each of them has a nice skirt.如Every child likes playing games.3.all "（全部）都”表示三者或三者以上，作同位语时，一般放在连系、助动词之后，行为动词之前。o

25、f none “没有”表示三者或三者以上都不，后常跟介词We are all from Canada. = All of us are from Canada. 如：（单、复数均可）None of us is/are afraid of dogs.，作主语时，看作复数；作定语时，后跟名词复数。4.both "（两者）者either "两者中任何一个"，作主语时，谓语用第三人称单数；作定语时，后跟名词单 数。 either o ）都不”，含有否定意义，用法同 neither "（两者 Both of them swim well. = 如： They bo

26、th swim well.There are trees on both sides of the street. = There are trees on either side of the street. Neither of us is going to Beijing next week. Neither answer is right."另一个"，5. another + 单数名词the other "一个，另一个”one theother +复数名词 =the others"其他的人或物”（指确定范围内剩下的全部）others"别

27、人"who, whose, whom, what, which, 即 5 个"wh"（五）疑问代词这里，which是同学们不易掌握的内容，其实，同学们只须记住，对作定语的内容提问，常用which.shirt） : I like the red shirt.do you like ? （Which 例如 ：练习 一、 根据所给单词的适当形式填空，使句意通顺，语法完整.（us）6. Can you come with （we）?These skirts are . (she)Yours are over there. (hers). 7 (yourselves) .

28、Pleasetake care of, (you)boys and girls.8 (mine) . I don't think this is myfrisby, though it looks like .(I) 9Look at ( that) books. Are they yours? ( those) 10二、根据首字母填空Is there anything interesting in the newspaper? . 11 She askedus to help each other. . 12 The old man can neither read nor writ

29、e. 13. Nothingis difficult if you put your heart into it. 14. Please help yourself to some fish,Lucy. . 15 三、同义句转换 A: The children played happily in the zoo yesterday.16、17 B: Neither he nor she.B: The children enjoyed themselves in the zoo yesterday.A: He doesn't like mutton, and she doesn'

30、t, either.likes mutton.,A: All the American people don't like sandwiches.18、 B: Not all the Americanpeople like sandwiches.A: They don't often hear the twins sing the song in the school.、19B: Neither ofthe twins is often heard to sing the song in theschool.ZK)四、单项选择 ，-Can you speak Chinese,

31、Peter?-Yes, but only .、(C)20, , A. littleB. few C. a little D. a few-Do you like Jane's new skirt? 、(A)21 . -Yes, very much. I'll ask mumto buy for me. A. one B. it C. the other D. aThe color of her skirt is different from of mine.(B)22、 A. one B. thatC. it D. this(B)23、Students are usually

32、interested in sports. Some like running, some like.swimming. like ball games. . A. the others B. others C. the other D. other-I'll give the boys to eat.(A)24 、 -Oh, I know, fish and chips. . A. something English B. English somethingC. anything English D.,English anything-Shall I help you with th

33、e heavy box? 、 (D)25 -No, thanks, I can do it .A.me B. my C. mine D. myself-What time shall we meet this afternoon,3:00 or 4:00?、(D)26 -I don't mind.time is OK. A. Neither B. Each C. Any D. Either,-My bag is full, what about ?(C)27、， ，- is full, too. . A. you, YoursB. his, He C. yours, Mine D. h

34、ers, She.-I've had enough bread, Would you like ?、(D)28. -No, thanks. A. a few moreB. one more C. another more D. some more.There are many trees on sides of the river.(A)29、 A. both B. either C.neither D. eachHe has two bikes, one isnew, isold. 、(A)1A. the other B. other C. the others D. othersW

35、ithout the sun, could grow in the world.(C)2A. anything B. something C. nothing D.everythingafternoon.(B)3Bothof them is going to play basketball with you thisA. All B. Neither C. Some D.-Can you tell mewhat a panda looks like? 、(B)4-Look! Thisis a picture ofA. it B. one C. two D.someThere are not m

36、any pears here, but you can take ifyou want to.（B）5、 D. little C. a little A. few B. a few二、形容词副词大多数的形容词、副词都有三个等级：原级：比较级：比较.，更.一些 最高级：.最 词法 例）情况 变化 方（A） 1.构成：（规则情况clever-cleverer -cleverest est 力口 er,单音节词和少数双音节词：一般情况nice-nicer-nicest r, st 结尾 加以字母ebig-bigger-biggestest 双写加 er, 重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音字母时est e

37、arly-earlier-earliest 加 er, 为结尾 变 yi 以辅音字母加y slowly -more slowly -most slowly在词前加 more, most 部分双音节和多音节词2.不规则变化，须熟记：good/well -better-best many/much -more-most far-farther-farthest little -less-least bad/badly/ill -worse-worst常见的使用情况(B)一样(中间用原级) 和1.asasas 2.not as(so) 和.不一样(中间用原级).(用比较级).比3 than或用从句修

38、饰的如 :in, of, among4. 有范围修饰的用最高级. Winter is the coldest season of the year. This is the best film that I have ever seen .意为 "越来越.wetter and wetter more and more beautiful5. 比较级 +and+比较级 越多越好 The more, the better. .越就越. the+ 6. The+比较级，比较级形容词最高级前一定要用 the,副词最高级前可省略。1.(C)注意点：等修饰比较级。much,a little, e

39、ven, still 可用 2.3.在比较级中为了避免重复，在than 后常用 one, that, those 等词来替代前面提 到过的名词。 The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.掌握三种同义句转换： (D) 1.He is taller than any other student in his class. =He is the tallest (student)in his class.2.This film is less interesting than that one. =This film isn't as

40、 interesting as that one.=That film is more interesting than this one.3.I prefer maths to English. =I like maths better than English.Which do you like , fish, meat eggs? A.best, or B.better, or C. best, and(B) D.better,and此外，关于形容词、副词的内容同学们还须掌握：1. 形容词修饰名词作定语，跟在连系动词之后作表语。2 .副词修饰动词、形容词或其它副词enough属例外词：形

41、/副+enough to do enough+ 名词例如 ;She is old enough to go to school. 她够上学的年龄了。3 .区别几组易混淆的副词 : 也 too 用于肯定、疑问句 also 较为正式书面语either 用于yet 常用于否定句、疑问句 否定句 已经 already 常用于肯定句、 疑问句 从动作上讲 no (not any) longer 从时间上讲 no (not any) more 不再such a big box 修饰名词 such 如此这样 so 修饰形容词、 副词 so big 单独、 独自 alone 作表语 =by oneself 孤

42、独的 lonelyA group of girls are singing and dancing over there. (happy) 可作表语、定语练习题1 .The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake. _ are climbing the hill.D. The other A. Others B. Other C. Another2 .There isn't in today's newspaper.C. anything important D. not

43、hing important A. important something B. important anything3 .-Whose watch is this, Mary? Is it your sister's? D.hers, mine C. Mine, hers -No, Mum. It's not . It's . A.hers, my B. her, my4.The Changjiang River is the third _ river in the world. A.long B.longer C.longest D.the longest5. A

44、n elephant is than a horse.D. much more strong strong B. much stronger C. the most strong A.moreD. Best C. Better B.Well 6. Which do you like , tea, orange or water? A.good介词（生某人的气） be angry with （怕） be afraid of 与形容词搭配的词组有： 1 （与.不同）（不在某地）be different from be away frombe good at （善于）be good/ bad for

45、 （对有益/有害） be interested in （对感兴 ）对有把握（为作好准备） be sure of （ be/get ready for 趣） be late for （迟到）be worried about （为感到担忧） 形式 2.介词后常用人称代词宾格和动词-ing1）You must take good care of her.2）Thank you for teaching us so well.3几组易混淆的介词一段时间（用于一般将来时） in + “在 .之后” A after + 一点时间（常用于一般将来时） after + 一段时间（用于一般过去时）如： The

46、baby stopped crying after half an hour.The baby will stop crying in half an hour. They will visit their teacher after Friday.since +过去的一点时间 B for + 一段时间 这两者均用于现在完成时，具体在时态部 分，我会继续向同学们讲解。C.敢浑概？景即用制成 be made in"由某地制造"be made by somebody "由某人制成”in 1996, in January, in summer 季节、年 ）等” in “

47、在某月 （ D in, on, at 表时间in the morning, in a week, in a minute, in time, in the end 固定词组： 用于指具体的某一天或专指某一天上午、下午或晚上等»on Christmas Day, on the night of February 16“用于具体时刻前和某些固定词组中” at固定词组： at seven, at the moment, at night, at last, at first, at noon, at times, at once, at this time of the year, at

48、the beginning of, at the end of this month, at the same time 注意： 在表时间里， 下 列情况下一般不用介词。词组里有： next, last, this, that, tomorrow, yesterday, one,every, all 以及 the day before yesterday 和 the day after tomorrow 前不用介词。 如 :不能说in tomorrow , 只能说 tomorrow 在明天（不包括本身）？灌!潼？潺敬椁潼？除之外" E. except +宾格 Everyone is

49、at schooltoday except Lin Tao. （ 同义句转换） =Only Lin Tao isn't at school today.by plane 通过交通工具 F “用” on TV on /over the radio, on /over the telephone, in English 通过媒介用语言with a pen, with one's hands 用工具手段（两者）之间”和between G “在 ） （. 之间三者或三者以上between the two. amongbetween.and., 在 D.over C.at Suespen

50、t over two hours _ her homework yesterday evening. A.on B.with连词谓语用复数动词 又both and既 1.并列连词neithernor既不也不含否定意义，（就近原则）谓语动词由靠近它的那个主语来决或者”"不是就是”"或者 or定单复数。either 两个动词时态应一致。连接谓语时，"和"连接两个并列成分，and 同时出现在句中。though but "但是"表转折，不能与or "或者"在否定句中，并列句中的列举常用or,而不用 and。 Eg: I h

51、ave brothersI don't have brothers or sisters.= I have no brothers and no sisters.and sisters.（否）2.引导宾语从句的连词特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 if /whether陈述句：that可省略 一般疑问句：“是否”because3能与so同时出现在句中）3 .引导原因状从的有：4 .引导时间状语从句的连词：A. when （当时候），as soon as（一就），notuntil （直到才），after （在之后），弓I导 的主从复合句，主句为一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时来代替一般将来时。Eg:

52、 I won't leave until he comes back.B. since （自从一以来）引导的主从复合句，主句为现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。We haven't met each other since she left here last year. ： Eg C. while （当时候，一边一边一） 它引导的时间状语从句常用进行时态。My father came in while I was doing myhomework.5 .引导条件状语从句的连词：if“如果”，引导条件状从，主句用一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时。请区别于if “是否”相当于 whet

53、her,引导宾语从句，时态根据语境确定（rain）tomorrow. 1）I don't know if it2）If it（rain） tomorrow, I（not climb） the hills.3）Joan and Mary haven't seen each other they left school five years ago.D. since B. before C. after A. as三、构词法构词有法记无定法一、利用构词法记忆：bookmark - book + mark + yard -schoolyard ,school1.合成法：note +

54、bookf notebook,.派生法（即在词根上加前、 后缀记忆）：2en一（使有）+ couragefencourage； inter （one with another ； face to face） + view -interview ； foreign + er （人）foreigner, play + er （执行动作的人） player, sharpen + erlibrarian ； miss (v.) + anysharpener (执行动作的物) ；library + (- i)(人)ly.) + adj (sad.), adv ( probably-y) l.) + (a

55、dj (probable .), adj ( missing fingfsadly (adv.)； compose (v.) + (ei) tion-composition (n.), inform (v.).) information(n+ (a) tionf .) knowledge (n.转化法：know (v.) -3 二、意义关联帮你记忆：cook,kitchenlibrary book shelfumbrelladictionary words, rain, 三、英英解释，温故知新： . meeting with sbinterview in or to another count

56、ry , overseas； abroad 说说记忆单词的方法词是构成句子的重要元素，词汇量的多少在英语学习中占有重要地位。今天我们讲讲怎样记 忆单词。一、把单词放入句子中，在一定的语言环境中记忆单词。如果一旦忘记词义，就回忆它所在的句子。 很多成绩较好的同学都有一个体会， 抓住对句子的理解和背诵这样一个关键， 记忆单词一般来说是毫不费力的。 二、 将单词按归类的方法进行记忆。 把同义词归成一类， 如 learn study ， between among ； 反义词归成一类， 如 left right ， high low ， strong weak ； 或根据含义和用途把同一类型的词归成一

57、类，如交通工具类：car, bus, ship, plane, truck,学科类： maths, science, art, geography,频度副词类：always, usually, often, sometimes,never,等等。这样当遇到其中一个词时，头脑中出现的就是一组词，这样记忆单词的效率就会大大提高。同时，还可以掌握词与词之间的区别和各自特殊的用法，将平时极易混淆的单词清楚地区别开来。三、利用构词法记忆单词。比如happy （幸福的），加前缀"un"成为unhappy（不幸福的），改"y"为"i"加后缀"ness"则变成了名词：happiness （幸福）；"pea （豌豆）”与"nut （坚果）"可合成为"peanut （花生）"；when （何时）+ ever （在任何时（无论什么时候）等等。候）= whenever四、根据记忆与遗忘的规律来记忆单词，即应及时在第二天、第三天甚至以后再读第一天记忆的单词，