三大从句和非谓语动词学习-课件PPT

1、 三大基本从句（定语从句） 非谓语动词分句 -ing/-ed分词 倒装句 名词性从句 形容词性从句（定语从句） 状语从句 非谓语动词分句 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 通常由that, who, whom, whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever 等连接分句在句中做主语What caused the fire is still a mystery.2. Who was responsible for the accident is not yet clear. How the book will sell depends o

2、n its author. Why he left abruptly is not known to any of us.分句在句中做宾语We never doubt that he is honest.1. Can you tell me who is responsible for the fire? She suggested that he do it at once. Nobody can tell when he will arrive.分句在句中做表语（主语补语），一般位于be（系）动词或具有系动词功能的词后面具有系功能的词：feel， look，sound， taste， sm

3、ell， appear， seem等 My opinion is that we should stick to our original plan. The problem is not who will go but who will stay. 大多由从属连词that引导，常常跟在fact, idea, opinion, news, hope, belief等名词后面。同位语从句一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容，在逻辑上表现为同位关系。 We have to face the fact that the nearest filling station is 30 minutes

4、 away. My original question, why he did it at all, has not been answered. 主要做名词修饰语，通常由关系代词who，which，that和关系副词when，why，where等引导。The man who did the robbery has been caught.His speech, which bored everyone, went on and on.Can you show me the house where Shakespeare once lived?The reason (why) I was al

5、one in the mountain is that I had a difficulty with my guide.He is not the boy (that) I gave the ticket to.1.He has change. He is not the man (that) he was. 先行项都可是前面整个句子或一部分,逗号隔开 Which引导的分句不倒装，as引导的分句需倒装 指代前面整个句子 He tried to stand on his hands for six minutes, which is rather a difficult thing to do

6、. 指代前面部分句子 I have known Judy far more able than Lucy, but not half so popular, which is quite a different thing. 可代指人和物，用倒装结构 用在such，the same，as，so后，可不用逗号隔开He will repeat such points as are discussed in the book. 可指代前面整个句子，也可指前面句子部分内容1.He travelled a great deal, as did most of his friend (most of hi

7、s friend travelled).2.He is usually tall, as are his brother (usually tall). 关系代词多用which，也可用whose，whom等。 根据语法和意义选择介词1.The material of which the machine is made is a good nonconductor of heat (is made of).2.They tried to think of the plan by which the could fulfill their task ahead of time (fulfill t

8、heir task by the plan).3. He is telling a story of Lei Feng , of whom all of us is proud (all of us is proud of sb). 按语义可分为时间、地点、原因、方式、结果、目的、条件和让步状语从句。 1.Where there is a will, there is a way.2.Until we know the fact, we cant do anything about it.3.You must do the exercise as I show you.4.In case it

9、 rains, we wont be able to go there on foot. 不定式分句 -ing 分词分句 -ed 分词分句 可在句中做主语和主补，宾语和宾补，状语，修饰语等。主语：To accept the job would mean moving to Florida.主补: His intention was to win the game. 宾语: He promised to stop taking drugs. 宾补: His great wish is to see his team win the World Cup. 表目的She stood up to be

10、 seen better. 表原因I am glade to know you have a good job. 表结果He got to the station only to find that his father was dead.(一）带从属连词：其主语=主句的主语，主动关系1,When sleeping, I never hear a thing.2,Though understanding no Chinese, he was able to communicate with them. （二）带主语：其主语主句主语，也就是通常所说的“独立主格”结构。独立主格中having be

11、en, being的可省略。1.The question (having been) settled, the meeting adjourned.2.The children were watching the acrobatic show, their eyes (being) wide open.-ing独立主格也可由with引出：With the tree growing tall, we get more shade.（三）不带从属连词也不带主语, 依据上下文或情景判定1.I have a friend living in London.2. Beating a child will

12、 do more harm than good.（一）带从属连词：其主语=主句的主语，被动关系Once published, the book caused a remarkable stir.Even if invited, I wont go. （二）带主语：其主语主句主语，也就是通常所说的“独立主格”结构。独立主格中having been, being的可省略。My work (being) done, I went to bed.The purse not yet (having been) found, we went to the police.-ed独立主格也可由with引出：T

13、hey sat in the room with his curtains drawn.（三）不带从属连词也不带主语，依据上下文或情景判定1.The castle, burnt down in 1485, was never rebuilt .2. Covered with confusion, she hurriedly left the room.一般来说， -ed 分词做前置修饰语有被动和完成的意义。-ing分词前置有主动和未完成的意义。A uninvited guest badly-built houseBoiled water boiling wateran excited audi

14、ence exciting news 主补：The door remains locked. 宾补：I found the door locked. 主补: The man looked disappointed. 宾补：I found him disappointed. 可以带-ed 分词做补语的动词： 1，感官词 see, hear, feel, taste，find等 2，使役词make, get, have, keep等（1）He was trying to make himself understood.（2）I have my hair cut every three months

15、. 全部倒装 部分倒装整个谓语置于主语之前当句首是方位词，谓语是come，go等表位置移动的词时There was a sudden gust of wind .1. In the chapter will be found a partial answer. 仅是操作词置于主语前操作词：do/did/does, will/can/would/could, have/has/had, is/was/are/were当句首是否定词或否定意义的词1.Never have I found (I have found) him in such a good mood.2.Hardly had he f

16、inished (he had finished) his work when the telephone rang.3.Rarely do I get (I get) invited into his office alone.当句首由“only+副词/介词词组/状语分句”构成1.Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.2.Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get (he got) a ticket in the end.3.Only through sheer luck did he manage to get a ticket. 当句首是方式状语