现在分词做状语(讲课)

1、高三二轮专题复习高三二轮专题复习现在分词做状语现在分词做状语 学案学案 讲评讲评目标导航目标导航.Knowledge aims:知识目标知识目标1. To revise the basic grammar rules of v-ing form as the Adverbial.2. To grasp some important and difficult points .Ability aim:能力目标能力目标 To solve the problems in Multiple Choices and reading passage. To use it in speaking and w

2、riting.Emotion aim:情感目标情感目标To learn to co-operate in groups and improve your problems awareness and be active in class.To keep positive attitude to life.表扬表扬优秀作业优秀作业： 侯鑫侯鑫 宫宜辉宫宜辉 刘刘 振元振元 王王 灏灏 杨少辉杨少辉 李慧颖李慧颖 董磊董磊 井井 晗晗 吴会荣吴会荣 臧召燕臧召燕 井晓燕井晓燕 尚晓涵尚晓涵 李李丙荣丙荣 候一凡候一凡 杨娜杨娜 周晓萌周晓萌 孟秋芳孟秋芳 王文秀王文秀 张张 可可 王成坤王成坤 整

3、洁作业：整洁作业： 董良王庆功贾明生董良王庆功贾明生 陈陈 宇巩礼彬宇巩礼彬 臧志刚臧志刚 吴迪吴迪 田晓涵田晓涵 冯永昌冯永昌 刘梦刘梦 知识点知识点年份年份冠冠词词名名词词数数词词代代词词形形容容词词副副词词介介词词动动词词短短语语动动词词情情态态动动词词时时态态非非谓谓语语动动词词连连词词与与并并列列句句状状语语从从句句名名词词性性从从句句定定语语从从句句倒倒装装强强调调省省略略主主谓谓一一致致虚虚拟拟语语气气情情景景交交际际2007200711 211212 1 2 12008200811 11112111 1 11 1120092009 1 1 1211 11 1 1 1220102

4、01011 111 21121 1 1 1 22011201111 11121 12 1 22012201211 11-221 11 1 12合合 计计56 742491893 56 7 1 1 1210一、考点分布一、考点分布 2007201220072012山东卷分析山东卷分析由此看出：非谓语动词为高频考点；状语从句为热考点考纲解读：考纲解读： 现在分词作状语是高考的热点和难点，选择题和写作现在分词作状语是高考的热点和难点，选择题和写作中应用较多，因此此考点必须重点掌握。中应用较多，因此此考点必须重点掌握。学习重点及难点学习重点及难点1.现在分词逻辑主语和句子主语的关系。现在分词逻辑主语和

5、句子主语的关系。2.现在分词动作与谓语动作的现在分词动作与谓语动作的同时性或先后性。同时性或先后性。3.现在分词在写作中的运用（难点）现在分词在写作中的运用（难点）非谓语动词命题趋势非谓语动词命题趋势1.考查项目重点突出，无偏题，怪题考查项目重点突出，无偏题，怪题 。2.基本概念、基本形式、基本用法。基本概念、基本形式、基本用法。3.各题的题干简洁明了，语境真实自然，语言地道，便于各题的题干简洁明了，语境真实自然，语言地道，便于考生理解。考生理解。4.着重考查考生在特定情景中概念理解和结构分析能力着重考查考生在特定情景中概念理解和结构分析能力思维导图解读思维导图解读种类及物动词（write）不

6、及物动词的主动语态（go）主动语态被动语态现在分词一般式完成式现在分词的形式现在分词的形式 （以（以go 和和write为例）为例）意义：writingbeing writtengoinghaving writtenHaving been writtenhaving gone1.v-ing与句中主语为逻辑上的主动关系，与句中谓语动词同时发生，或基本上同时发生2.having+v-ed与句中主语为逻辑上的主动关系，先于谓语动词发生句法功能句法功能一做伴随状语：分词等于and连接两个动词或分句二原因状语相当于as,since,because等引起的原因状语从句，常位于句首，句中或句末。三时间状语

7、相当于when,while,as等引导的时间状语从句，常位于句首或句末四条件状语 相当于if等引导的条件状语从句，常位于句首五让步状语 相当于although,though,even if,even though引起的让步状语从句，常位于句首六方式状语分词等于介词with引起的方式状语或and并列的两个谓语动词现在分词作状语学与练现在分词作状语学与练 把划线部分改写成分词短语把划线部分改写成分词短语并说明其功能并说明其功能 1.When they saw their teacher, the students stood up. Seeing their teacher, the studen

8、ts stood up. *现在分词短语作时间状语现在分词短语作时间状语 2. After they had finished their homework, they went home.Having finished their homework, they went home.* *现在分词短语作时间状语现在分词短语作时间状语*Having finished their homework表现的动表现的动作在作在went home( ),故用分词的故用分词的( ).( ).之前之前完成式完成式3.Because he was ill, he couldnt go to school.4.I

9、f you work harder at English, you will make greater progress. Being ill, he couldnt go to school.* *现在分词短语现在分词短语 作原因状语作原因状语Working harder at English, you will make greater progress.* *现在分词短语现在分词短语 作条件状语作条件状语5.Although they felt very tired，they kept running.6.The children came into the classroom, and

10、 they laughed and talked.(并列句并列句)*Feeling very tired, they kept running. 现在分词短语现在分词短语 作让步状语作让步状语The children came into the classroom, laughing and talking. * *现在分词短语现在分词短语 作伴随或方式状语作伴随或方式状语现现在在分分词词语语态态时时态态否否定定逻逻辑辑主主语语惯惯用用语语从从句句转转化化独独 立立主主格格被被 动动主主 动动语态doingdoinghaving donedonedonebeing donehaving bee

11、n done 语态看分词语态看分词转化为分词作状语转化为分词作状语2._(see) black clouds covering the sky, he stopped his work and went home.Seeing1.doing或者being done 几乎同时发生2.Having done或者having been done 先于主句的谓语动词之前发生1）当v-ing形式所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词动作之前时，应使用完成式：having done2）. 当v-ing形式被动式的动作发生在主句谓语动词动作之前时，被动式应使用完成式：having been done时态看分词时态看

12、分词注意注意 1.“What a beautiful garden it is!” said the girl, _out of the window. A.looking B.having looked C.to look D.looked2._a long way, Bob began to feel tiredA. Walking B. Having walked C. To walk D. walked3. _ in the queue for half an hour, I suddenly realized that I had left my wallet at home. A.

13、 To wait B. Waiting C. Having waited D. To have waitedv使用使用having done或或having been done的分词结构部分常会出现一些用于表示的分词结构部分常会出现一些用于表示过去或完成的时间状语，例如：过去或完成的时间状语，例如：before, already, for a long time, many times等。等。直接在分词前面加not 1._ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having re

14、ceived D. Having not received 2._that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest. A. Not realized B. Realizing not C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized否定的表达否定的表达 分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语，此分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语，此时应注意时应注意人称一致。人称一致。 1）_(see)from the hill , we find the city very beautiful. _（se

15、e）from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.2） _ (look) at her mother, he jumped with joy. _(look) at by her mother, he jumped with joy.逻辑主语逻辑主语SeeingSeenLookingLooked3)While watching television，_. A. the door bell rang B. the doorbell ringsC. we heard the doorbell ring D. we hea

16、rd the doorbell rings4)Hesitating what to do,_.A so lets not go outing B the tour was cancelledC but we should still take the tour D we had to stay home_, the trees turned green.春天春天来了来了_, well visit the Great Wall.时间时间允许的话允许的话补补 独立主格结构独立主格结构Spring comingTime permitting1._Sunday , I shall have a qui

17、et day at home . A. Being B. It is C. There being D. It being 2.The party will be held in the garden, weather_（2012高考全国卷）高考全国卷） A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit 有些惯用的V-ing 短语在句中中可以没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，它们往往作为句子的独立成分来修饰全句，表面说话者的态度观点等。我们称这种状语为评论性状语或评注性状语。 generally / strictly/ / frankly/ pers

18、onally speaking 一般来说 / 严格来说/ 坦率地说/ 就个人而言 judging from/ by 由.判断 considering 考虑到 supposing 假如 talking / speaking of 提到 providing 如果 taking into consideration 考虑到 Seeing that既然评论性状语评论性状语 Judging from his appearance, he is a wealthy man. 从外表判断他是一位富翁。 Generally speaking, the more you pay, the more you ge

19、t.一般来说，付出的越多，得到的就越多。1. 分词短语是由状语从句变换而来的，用以表示时间、原因、条件、让步及附带情况。2. 若状语从句于主句的主语相同主语相同时： 1）去连词 2）去主语 3）动词变分词即： 连词连词+ 主语主语 + V. , 主语主语 + V. V.ing , 主语主语+ V.e.g. If you turn to the right, youll find the school. _ youll find the school. Turning to the right,分词短语与状语从分词短语与状语从句转化句转化3. 若状语从句与主句的主语不同主语不同时：1）去连词 2

20、）前面的主语留下 3) 动词分词 e.g. As it were fine, I went fishing with my father. _ I went fishing with It being fine,Notes: 1. 分词短语分词短语=连词连词+ 主语主语 + V. e.g. Walking along the street, I met Mary. _ I met Mary. Being tired, I stopped to take a rest. _I stopped to While I was walking along the street,Because I wa

21、s tired,2. 分词短语意义不清时，往往保留连词。但表示原因的连词 because, as等一定要省略。e.g. When (I was) mailing a letter in the post office, I met Tom.As she didnt know what to do, she began to cry. _,she began to cry.Not knowing what to do1).Using your head, youll find a good way. Working hard, youll surely succeed.If you use yo

22、ur headIf you work hard条件状语条件状语练一练练一练思考：如何改为祈使句2). Being poor, he couldnt afford a TV set. Not knowing her address, we cant get in touch with her.(原因原因)Because he was poorAs we dont know her address3). Walking in the street, I saw a tailors shop.时间时间When I was walking in the street. 4) Four people e

23、ntered the room looking around in a curious way. 伴随状语伴随状语 Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way.5). He did his homework carelessly, making a lot of mistakes.and it made a lot of mistakes结果结果辨析辨析：He hurried to the station only to find the train had gone.(自然的或必然的结果自然的或必然的结果)

24、(意想不到的结果意想不到的结果) Eg Finished their homework, the children went out to play football. 更正 _the children went out to play football. _the children went out to play football. _ they went out to play football. 变式训练Their homework finished,Having finished their homework,After the children finished their hom

25、ework,提示：提示： 用独立主格结构用独立主格结构 用分词作状语用分词作状语 用状语从用状语从句句 解题步骤，我们一起来总结1、根据句子结构确定分词的、根据句子结构确定分词的语法成分语法成分2、找准、找准逻辑主语逻辑主语3、判断主、被动关系判断主、被动关系4、指出非谓语的动作是发生在句子谓语指出非谓语的动作是发生在句子谓语动作之前还是之后，从而确定考虑动作之前还是之后，从而确定考虑用完用完成式还是一般式。成式还是一般式。5. 最后选定现在或过去分词。最后选定现在或过去分词。当堂检测之高考链接1. He got up late and hurried to his office, _the

26、breakfast untouched. A. Left B. to leave C. leaving D. having left2.Pressed from his parents，and _that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games. A. realizing B. realized C. to realize D. being realized3.The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech f

27、or the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing4.The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added5._ up at his father, he asked what was the matter with him.A.Having looked B.

28、Looking C.To look D.Look6.The car burns more fuel, but_ all things into consideration, its still a good carA taken B having taken C taking D to take 7._ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.A. Having suffered B.SufferingC.To suffer D.Suffered8._an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. A .Basing B .Based C. Base D. To base 9 Finding her car stolen， _ A a policeman was asked to help B the area was searched thoroughly C it was looked for everywhere D she hurried to a po