2022年被动语态讲解及练习,推荐文档

1、the passive voice 被动语态一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化1) am/is/are +done (过去分词 ) 一般现在时2） has /have been done 现在完成时3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时4） was/were done 一般过去时5） had been done 过去完成时6） was/were being done 过去进行时7） shall/will be done 一般将来时8） should/would be done 过去将来时2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动

2、词be过去分词。例 the baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。例 his mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为 he was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词 +宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。例 someone caught the

3、boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为 the boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4） 在使役动词 have, make,let以及感官动词 see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to 要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。例 someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为 a stranger was seen to walk into the building. 5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如

4、“动词介词”， “动词副词”等，也可以用于被动结构， 但要把它们看作一个整体， 不能分开。 其中的介词或副词也不能省略。例 the meeting is to be put off till friday. 3. 非谓语动词的被动语态ving形式及不定式to do 也有被动语态。例 i dont like being laughed at in the public. 二、 如何使用被动语态1. 讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者(这时可省by 短语)。例my bike was stolen last night. 精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - -

5、 - - - - - 第 1 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - -2. 借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。例 i was given ten minutes to decide whether i should accept the offer. 3. 为了更好地安排句子。例 the well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个

6、主语就够了）三、 it is said that+ 从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“itbe过去分词that从句”或“主语be过去分词to do sth.” 。有：it is said that 据说,it is reported that据报道， it is believed that大家相信，it is hoped that大家希望，it is well known that众所周it is thought that大家认为，it is sugge

7、sted that 据建议。四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义1.英语中有很多动词如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。例 this kind of cloth washes well. 注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。试比较： the door wont lock （指门本身有毛病）the door wont be locked （指不会有人来锁门 , 指“门没有锁”是人的原因）2. 表示“发

8、生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。例 how do the newspapers come out? 这些报纸是如何印出来的呢？3. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的系动词feel, sound, 精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p

9、d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - -taste, look, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。例 your reason sounds reasonable. 五、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义，在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义。1 在need，want，require, bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。例 the house needs repairing （to be repaired ） 这房子需要修理。2 形容词w

10、orth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。例 the picture-book is well worth reading （the picture-book is very worthy to be read ）3. 在某些“形容词不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。有 nice，easy ，fit ，hard，difficult ，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。例 this problem

11、is difficult to work out . （可看作 to work out 省略了 for me）. 4 在tooto结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。例 this book is too expensive (for me) to buy.被动语态练习及答案1、( ) 1 the peoples republic of china _ on october 1, 1949. a. found b. was founded c. is founded d. was found ( ) 2 english _ in canada. a. speaks b.

12、 are spoken c. is speaking d. is spoken ( ) 3 this english song_ by the girls after class. a. often sings b. often sang c. is often sang d. is often sung ( ) 4 this kind of car _ in japan. a, makes b. made c. is making d. is made 精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - -

13、- -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - -( ) 5 new computers _ all over the world. a. is used b. are using c. are used d. have used 2、 ( ) 1 our room must _ clean. a. keep b. be kept c. to be kept d. to keep ( ) 2 -id like to buy that coat.-im sorry. _. a. it sold

14、b. its selling c. its been sold d. it had been sold ( ) 3 a new house _ at the corner of the road. a. is building b. is being built c. been built d. be building ( ) 4 the key _ on the table when i leave. a. was left b. will be left c. is left d. has been left ( ) 5 doctors _ in every part of the wor

15、ld. a. need b. are needing c. are needed d. will need ( ) 6 his new book_ next month. a. will be published b. is publishing c. is being published d. has been published 3 ( ) 1 japanese _ in every country. a. is not spoken b. are spoken c. is speaking d. is not speaking ( ) 2 these papers_yet. a. hav

16、e not written b. have not been written c. has not written d. has not been written ( ) 3 the sports meet _ be held until next week. a. didnt b. wont c. isnt d. doesnt 4 ( ) 1 -my shoes are worn out. a. cant they be mended? b. let me have a look at it. c. how much do they cost? d. cant they mended? (

17、) 2 _ the watch been repaired yet? i badly need it. a. does b. has c. is d . are ( ) 3 _ these desks be needed? a. will b. are c. has d. do 5 ( ) 1 why _ to talk about it yesterday? a. didnt a meeting hold b. wasnt a meeting held c. wasnt held a meeting d. a meeting wasnt held ( ) 2 who was the book

18、_? a. write b. wrote c. written d. written by ( ) 3 where _ these boxes made? a. was b. were c. is d. am 6 ( ) 1 the flowers _ often. a. must be water b. must be watered c. must watered d. must water ( ) 2 the books may_ for two weeks. a. be kept b. be borrowed c. keep d. borrow ( ) 3 the broken bik

19、e_ here by mr smith. a. can mend b. can mended c. can be mend d. can be mended 精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - -7 ( ) 1 the old bridge in my hometown_ next month. a. is going to be rebuil

20、t b. will rebuilt c. are going to be rebuiltd. are going to rebuilt ( ) 2 the play _ at the theatre next sunday. a. is going to be shown b. will shown c. will show d. is shown ( ) 3 the old stone bridge _ next week .a. is going to be rebuilt b. will be rebuild c. are going to be rebuilt d. will rebu

21、ild 8 ( ) 1 now these magazines_ in the library for a long time. a. have kept b. are keeping c. have been keeping d. have been kept ( ) 2 the pot _ for _ hot water .a. used; keeping b. was used; keeping c. is used; to keep d. are used; keep ( ) 3 tea _ in the south of china. a. grows b. is grown c.

22、were grown d. will grow ( ) 4 the bridges_ two years ago. a. is built b. built c. were built d. was built ( ) 5 wet clothes are often _ up near a fire in rainy weather .a. hang b. hanged c. hanging d. hung 9 ( ) 1 the river smells terrible. people must _ dirty things into it. a. be stopped to throw

23、b. be stopped from throwing c. stop to throw d. stop from throwing ( ) 2 the teapot _ water .a. is filled with b. filled of c. fulling of d. filled ( ) 3 old people must be looked after well and _ politely. a. speak to b. spoken c. speak d. spoken to ( ) 4 old people must _. a. look after well b. be

24、 looked well after c. looked well after d. be looked after well 10 ( ) 1 newly-born babies_in hospital. a. are taken good care b. are taken good care of c. take good care of d. take good care ( ) 2 they were_ at the sudden noise. a. frightening b. frightened c. frighten d. frightens ( ) 3 these wall

25、s _ stone. a. are made of b. made of. c. are made into d. made into 11 ( ) 1 jane _ to sing us an american song last saturday. a. called b. was asked c. told d. was said ( ) 2 the papers _ to them. a.were shown b. show c. shown / d. have shown ( ) 3 the coat_her sister. a. made to b. were made for c

26、. was made for d. was made to 12 精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - -精品学习资料 可选择p d f - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - -( ) 1 i _ five minutes to decide whether i should go or not. a. gave b. was giving c. had given d. was given ( ) 2 good c

27、are_such things.a. should take of b. should be taken c. should be taking d. should be taken of ( ) 3 she will_good care_. a. take; of b. be taken; of c. take; for you d. be taken; of you 13( ) 1 the teacher made him_ his homework. a. to do b. do c. did d. done ( ) 2 the boy_ streets without pay in t

28、he old days. a. was made to clean b. made clean c. made to clean d. was made clean ( ) 3 these children_dance. a. were seen to b. were seen for c. were seen d. saw to 14( ) 1 these stones_well. a. are fitted b. fit c. fits d. is fitted ( ) 2 the bike _ 500 yuan. a. was cost b. costed c. cost d. is c

29、osted ( ) 3 the important meeting _ on a cold morning last year. a. was had b. was held c. held d. had 15( ) 1 great changes_ in the past ten years in china. a. took place b. have taken place c. were taking place d. had taken place ( ) 2 you cant use the computer, it_. a. was broken down b. is wrong

30、 c. is bad d. has broken down ( ) 3 great changes_in our country during the past 20 years. a. have happened b. happened c. have been happened d. were happened ( ) 4 the watch has often _ down. a. sat b. lain c. broken d. fell 16( ) 1 please pass me another cup. this one_. a. is broken b. is breaking

31、 c. broke d. broken ( ) 2 the story books_ by the writer in the 1960s.a. are written b. were writtenc. are writing d. were writing ( ) 3 what time _ the door _ every day? a. does; closed b. does; close c. is; closed d. /; close 17( ) 1 can he_ himself? a. get dress b. get dressed c. gets dressed d. instead of ( ) 2 he fell from his bike and _. a. is hurt b. gets hurt c. got hurt d. hurt ( ) 3 lookout, please keep away from the fire, or your trousers will_ a. burnt b. burn c. burning d. get burn 18( ) 1 the apple_very sweet. a. is