UnitIusedtobeafraidofthedark8

1、Unit 2 I used to be afraid of the dark.重点短语：1. be interested in 对 .感兴趣17. worry about 担心2. be afraid （ terrified ） of 害怕、恐怕18. be made up of 由 组成；构成3. on the swim team在游泳队19.wait a minute等一下，等等4. with the bedroom light on 开着卧室的灯20. as sb. say 正如某人说的那样5. give up 放弃21. these days如今，现在6.get into troubl

2、e招致不幸，落入困境22. can't afford to pay for支付不起7. make a decision下决心23 give up doing sth放弃做某事8. to one s surprise令人惊奇的是24 even though if即使，尽管9.no longer = notany longer不再25 pay attention to对 注意，留心10. pay attention to注意26 used to be do 过去常常，以前常常12. in the end 最后27 be more intereste d in对 更感兴趣13. instea

3、d of 代替；而不是28 make a decision做出一个决定14. go right home 直接回家29 take pride in为 感到自豪骄傲15. as well as 不仅；而且30 go get to sleep = fall asleep入睡16. chat with 与 闲聊31. stressed out 紧张课本重点难点释义：1.I used to be afraid of the dark 我过去常常怕黑。(1) used to do sth 表示 “(过去 )常常做某事 ”“(以前 )老是做某事 ”。He used to sit under the tre

4、e over there他过去常常坐在那边那棵树下。 That river used to be very clear 那条河曾经非常清澈。注意 used to 的否定式为didn't use to 或 used not to.They didn't use used not to go to school on foot 他们过去不经常步行上学oused to 的疑问形式是借助于助动词did 或直接将used 置于主语前。Did they use Used they to have a walk in from of the building?他们过去常常在楼前散步吗?(2)

5、 be used to something/doing something意思是 “习惯于 (做 )某事 ”。在此结构中， to 是介词，后面可以跟名词或者动词 -ing 形式。Are you used to the life in the North China? 你习惯于中国北方的生活吗He is still not used to the climate here 他对这里的气候仍然不太习惯。注意 become used to和 get used to也解释为 “习惯于 ”，但是更强调的是逐渐习惯”的过程。这里的to 仍然是介词，后面仍然要跟动词-ing 形式或名词短语。They are

6、 getting used to talking in English 他们逐渐习惯于互相之间用英语交谈了(3) be used to do表示 “被用于 ”The knife can be used to cut meat. 刀能用来切肉(4) There used to be 意为 “过去曾经有 ”。There used to bea tall tree in front of the house. 这座房子前面曾经有一棵大树。用以上三组短语的适当形式填空： Some students _ (call) their parents for help when they meet troub

7、le. Bob _ (play) football when he was young. They _ (come) on foot,but they don t do that now. We all know that cotton can _ (make) cloth.1/102. Over here! Don t you remember me? 过(P11)来！你不记得我了吗？remember 的反义词是forget ，两者用法相同，后面可跟名词，动名词或动词不定式。 remember/forget doing sth 表示 “记得 /忘记做过某事 ”，强调事情已经做了。I reme

8、mber posting your letter. 我记得替你寄过信了。They forget locking the door. 他们忘记锁过门了。 remember/forget to do sth 表示 “记得 /忘记去做某事 ”，强调事情还未做。I remember to post your letter. 我记得替你寄信。 They forget to lock the door. 他们忘了锁门。3. Wow! People sure change. (P11)哇！人确实是会变的。句中的 sure 用作副词，意为“确实 ”，“无疑 ”。 sure 一词更常见于以下用法和句型：表示 “

9、可以 ”， “当然 ”， “没问题 ”，常用来答应他人的请求，相当于Yes./OK./Great./Certainly./Of course. Did you have a good trip? 旅途愉快吗？ Sure./Of course.当然。 Would you like to go with us? 愿意和我们一起去吗？ Sure./Certainly. 好啊。 be sure 接 that 从句时，意为“认为一定会 ”，主语必须是人，连词that 可以省略。 be sure 后面还可以接由whether， where, when 或 who 等引导的名词性从句，这时主句通常是否定形式

10、。I m not sure whether I can come tomorrow我.明天是否能来还说不准。I m sure that I can run faster than you我.确信我比你跑得快。4. I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我开着卧室的灯睡觉。(1)with my bedroom light on为介词短语，在句中用作状语，表示伴随情况。He walked out of the room with his coat on.他穿着外套走出了房间。知识拓展“ with+名词 +介词短语 ”结构也可用作状语，表示伴随情况。The

11、teacher came in with a book under his arm. 老师腋下夹着一本书走进教室。The poor woman walked through the street with a baby on her back.那可怜的妇女背着一个婴儿，穿过了街道。(2)on 在此处是形容词，意为“开着的，接通的”，常见的结构有：be/turn on 。 Is the light on in the room? 屋里的灯开着吗？ No. It s 不off，.关着呢。Turn on the radio, please. I ll listen to the weather请打开

12、report收音.机，我要听天气预报。5. Before I started high school, I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends, but I just don the time any more. (P14)在上高中之前，我常常花费大量时间和朋友们一起做游戏，但是如今我再也没有这样的时间了。(1)high school 相当于 middle school, 意为 “中学 ”，常指高中。(2) 本句中的 spend 意为 “花费 ”，常用来说明某人买某物花了多少钱或某人花了多少时间做某事，主语通常为人

13、，常见的句子结构有两种： sb spends some money/time on sthShe spends a lot of money on books. 她花很多钱买书。 sb spends some money/time in doing sth，其中介词 in 可以省略。They spent two hours (in) looking for the cat.他们花了两个小时找那只猫。辨析 take, pay 与 cost： take 意为 “花费 ”，常用形式主语it，真正的主语是动词不定式，常见的句子结构有：“ It takes+sb+时间 /金钱 +动词不定式 ”（ “做某

14、事花费了某人多少时间/ 金钱 ”）。It ll take only ten minutes to walk to the supermarket只.要十分钟，就可以走到那家超市。 pay 的基本意思是 “支付 ”，主语是表示人的名词或代词，常与for 连用。2/10How much did you pay for all these books?这些书你是花多少钱买的？ cost 也可作 “花费 ”解，其主语是“物”或 “事 ”，常用于sth costs (sb) some money 结构。The dictionary cost me 40 yuan. 这本字典花了我40 元钱。(3)not

15、.any more 意为 “不再 ”，相当于 no more，一般用来表示动作或行为的不再发生或重复。They don t use animals to do farm work any more.他们不再使用牲畜做农活了。notany longer = no longer (不再 延续性动词 )Wecan twaitanylonger.=Wecanwaitnolonger.notany more = no more (不再 瞬间动词 )The baby cried no more .= The baby didn t cry any more .6. Now, I don t mind th

16、em. (P14)现在我不介意它们了。动词 mind 的基本含义是 “介意，反对 ”，后面接名词或动名词。He doesn t mind closing the window他.不介意关掉窗户。知识拓展：Would you mind doing.?句型常用来向别人提出请求，对方如果表示介意，就说“ Yes；”如果表示不介意、不反对，应说 “No, not at all./No, of course not. 。” Would you mind telling me how to remember English words? 你介意告诉我如何记英语单词吗？ No, not at all. 不，

17、不介意。特别提示：mind 还可用作名词，表示“思想，主意 ”。What do you make up your mind to be when you grow up? 你长大以后立志要做什么？短语链语：never mind 不要紧，不介意；set up one s mind to do立sth志做某事。keep in mind 记住；change one s mind改变主意。make up one s mind下决心，下决定；7. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. (P15) 俞梅似乎变化很大。动词 seem是 “看起来像 ”， “似乎 ”的

18、意思，其常用的句型有： It seems+that 从句It seems that he would never be able to work out the question. 看来他好像永远无法解决那个问题。 seem+形容词Your father seems quite happy. 你的父亲看起来很高兴。 seem+动词不定式Li Fang seems to know everything. 李芳好像什么都知道。特别提示 :“ Itseems+that 从句 ”通常可以转化成 “名词 /代词 +seems+动词不定式短语 ”这一简单句型，如果动词不定式短语是 “to be+形容词 ”

19、， to be 可以被省略。It seems that his temperature is all right.=His temperature seems (to be) all right. 他的体温似乎很正常。It seems that she doesn t get on well with her classmates.=She doesn t seem to get on well hwither classmates. 她似乎与同学们相处的不好。8. However, after his father s death a few years ago, Martin s life

20、 became much more difficult. (P16)然而，几年以前，在他父亲死后，马丁的生活变得更困难了。本句中的dead 意为 “死的 ”，是形容词，表示“死的，无生命的”，常与 be 动词连用，指死的状态。He is dead, but his name will live in our hearts forever. 他虽然死了，但他的名字将永远留在我们心中。Her grandfather has been dead for more than two years. 她的爷爷去世两年多了。3/10辨析 die, dying, deathdie, dying, death

21、也可以表示 “死 ”。 die 意为 “死亡，断气 ”，是终止性动词，指生命的结束，强调动作。His mother died two years ago. 他的母亲两年前去世了。 dying 是 die 的现在分词，通常作形容词使用，是“要死的 ”， “垂危的 ”， “濒临死亡的 ”的意思。This dog is dying. 这条狗快要死了。 death 是 die 的名词，意为 “死亡 ”。It makes me very sad when I think of my little dog当我想起我s小death狗的死.亡时，我很难过。重点语法：反意疑问句（一）定义与结构反意疑问句是对陈述

22、句所叙述的事实提出看法，问对方同不同意。它的结构由两部分组成：陈述句简短问句。在回答反意疑问句的问题时，回答应根据事实，如果是肯定回答就是主语+肯定，否定就是主语+否定；再根据前后 yes 加肯定， no 加否定。例如： This isnt yours，is it?这不是你的，是吗？Yes， it is. 不，是我的。 No ，it isn对，t.不是我的。(二 )、简单句式结构中反意疑问句的运用1 、当陈述句部分的主语是名词时，反意疑问句的主语必须用人称代词来代替。Your brother has gone to the library, hasn t he? 你弟弟去图书馆了，是吗？2、当

23、陈述句的主语是指示代词this, that 时，反意疑问句的主语用it 代替；指示代词是these, those时，反意疑问句的主语用they 代替。That isn t a useful book, is it? 那不是一本有用的书，是吗？These are important reading materials, aren t they? 这些都是重要的阅读材料，是吗？3、当陈述句部分是I am时，反意疑问句部分通常要用aren t I ；如陈述句部分的主语是I am not 时，反意疑问句部分通常要用am I。I m late for the meeting, aren t I? 我开会

24、迟到了，是吗？I m not doing well, am I?4、当陈述部分是everyone / everybody, someone / somebody, no one / nobody, none等表示人 的不定代词时，反意疑问句部分的主语多用 they，但也可用he；当陈述部分的主语是everything, anything,something, nothing 等表示物的不定代词时，反意疑问句部分的主语用 it。Nobody came when I was out, did they? 我在外时，没人来过，是吗？Everything has gone wrong today, h

25、asn t it? 今天什么都出问题了，是不是？5、当陈述部分是“there be + 主语 + 其它” 结构时，反意疑问部分要用“ be (not) + there ” 结构。There are some bananas in the basket, aren t there? 篮子里有些香蕉，是吗？6、祈使句构成反意疑问句时，除了Let 开s头的祈使句，疑问部分用shall we 之外，其余一律用willyou，在这里并非表示疑问，而是进一步叮咛嘱托。只不过shall you 也包括说话人在内。注意：“ (Don t)+动词原形 +其他”这样的祈使句无论否定还是肯定，反意疑问句的疑问部分都

26、用“willyou ”。Open the door. Open the door, will you?Don t talk in class.Don ttalk in class, will you? Let s do 和 Let us doLet s （包含对方，所以后部分用shall we?）Let us （不包含对方,所以后部分用will you? ）如： Let s play football, shall we?4/10这句话的含义是说话者邀请听话人和他一起去踢足球，所以后部分用人称代词we 。Let us play football, will you?这句话的含义是说话者请求听话

27、人允许他去踢足球，所以后部分用人称代词you 。7、当陈述部分是“had better +动词原形（最好做某事）时，疑问部分用“had hadn t主+语”You d better go to school now, hadn？你最好t现you在就去学校，好吗？8、有时候前面的陈述部分看似陈述形式，但其中含有seldom （不常）、 hardly （几乎不）、 nobody （没人）、 nothing （没有什么）、never（从不）、 none（一个也没有）、neither(两者都不 )、 few （几乎没有）、 little （几乎没有）等表示否定意义的词，此时要把陈述部分看成否定，其后的

28、附加疑问句要用肯定形式。注意：某些句子里含有dis-或者 un-这样表示否定意义的前缀的复合词(如 dislike 和 unusual)，还是要把它看成肯定句。He is never late for school, is he?He can hardly believe you, can he?There is nothing new in today s newspaper, is there?It seldom rains here in spring, does it?It is very unusual, isn t it?9、感叹句的反意疑问句一律使用否定式，并用be 的一般现在时

29、形式。What a foolish child (he is), isn t he? 多傻的孩子啊，不是吗？10、反意疑问句用于主从复合句结构中时，要注意以下情况1.)一般情况下，陈述句部分是主从复合句时，反意疑问句部分的代词和助动词应与主句中的主语和动词保持一致。This is the second time that he has been to Japan, isn t it? 这是他第二次去日本，是吗？2.)在宾语从句中，如果陈述句部分是“I think (believe, suppose, imagine, expect 等) + 宾语从句”，反意疑问句部分应与宾语从句的主谓保持一致

30、，并要注意否定转移。I don t think you have heard of him before, have you?我认为你以前没有听说过他，是吗？注：当 think 等这些动词的主语不是第一人称，或主语是第一人称，而动词时态不是一般现在时或一般过去时，这时，反意疑问句的助动词和人称代词要与主句保持一致。Mary thinks you will come to the party, doesn t she? 玛丽认为你将来参加晚会，是吗？11 must 作必须讲，后部分用must 或者 need； must not 作禁止讲，后部分用may。We must keep quiet in

31、 the library, mustn t/needn t we?They must not park their cars here, may they?（三）反意疑问句的回答“根据事实回答”对反意疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，事实是否定的，就要用no。要特别注意陈述句部分是否定结构，反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时，回答yes 或 no 与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的yes 要译成“不”，no 要译成“是”。-He likes playing football, doesn t he? 他喜欢踢足球，是吗？-Yes, he does. / No, he doe

32、sn t. 是的。 / 不是。-His sister didn t attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议，是吗？-Yes, she did. / No, she didn t. 不，她参加了。/ 是的，她没参加。当堂练1.Lend me your bike, ?2.Let s have a walk,?3.Let us do it by ourselves,?4.She never said she would go there,?5/105.I don t think they can finish the work,?6.Nobody called

33、on me,?7.There won t be any trouble,?8.Nothing can stop us now,?9.He seldom goes home,?10.We had to take the first train, _?11.They must be hungry, _?12.What beautiful weather, _?13.I don t believe she knows it, _?14.He failed in the exam, _?15.John said nobody was fit for the job, _?Unit 2 模拟试卷（答题时

34、间：60 分钟）I. 单项选择()1. Uncle Wang_ a worker and he is seventy now.A. uses toB. used toC. used to beD. was used to() 2. It s time to_ the thingstheo list.A. payB. pay toC. pay forD. pay on()3. He must be in the room, because the light in the room is .A. in B. onC. off D. open()4. When he was young, he u

35、sed_ swimming in the river.A. to goingB. goingC. to goD. go()5. seems that Jane has known the bad news.A. She B. ItC. This D. That()6. My sister has been in America for half a year. She _ the life there.A. is usedB. used toC. is used toD. uses()7. _ you _ to go to the park when you were children?A.

36、Did, useB. Did, usedC. Do, used D. Do, use()8. _ you afraid_ standing_ on the wall?A. Are ； of； highlyB . Do ； from ； highlyC. Are； from 。 highD. Are ； of； high()9. Jack likes playingsoccer, but he doesn tlike playingpiano.A. /, / B. the, /C. the, the D. /, the() 10. You needn t worryyour daughter.S

37、he can take care of herself.A. aboutB. ofC. atD. on()11. I_ a worker, but now I am an actor.A. used to beB. used to beingC. was used to beD. was used to being() 12. Zhao Ruirui is_ the Chinese Women s Volleyball Team.A. atB. onC. toD. of()13. I used to be afraid of_ in an airplane.A. flyB. to flyC.

38、flyingD. flew()14. There were lots of white houses_ trees_ them.A. with 。 afterB. with 。 in front ofC. with 。 in the front ofD. with 。 on()15. I spent 50 yuan_ the basketball.6/10A. inB. forC. onD. atII. 完形填空“ Where is the University?” This is a question that many visitors to Cambridge（剑桥） ask. But

39、no one can give thema16answer, for there is no wall to be found17the university. The university is a city. You can find classroom buildings,18, museums and19of the thirty-one colleges.Cambridge was already a20town long before the first students and teachers arrived 800 years ago. It grew up by theri

40、ver Granta, and the river was once 21the Cam. A22was built over the river as early as 875. So the town got its name“ Cambridge ” .In the 14th and 15th centuries （世纪） more and more land was used for college buildings. The town grew much 23in the 19th century after the opening of the railway in 1845.

41、Cambridge became a 24 in 1951 and now it has a population ofover 100,000. Many young students in other countries25 to study at Cambridge. Thousands of people from all over theworld come to visit the university town. It has become a famous place.()16. A. trueB. clearC. right D. real()17. A. aroundB.

42、inC. nearD. by()18. A. cinemasB. parksC. zoosD. libraries()19. A. parentsB. farmers C. workersD. teachers()20. A. interesting B. usualC. developingD. common()21. A. saidB. calledC. spokenD. talked()22. A. bridgeB. buildingC. stationD. house()23. A. smallerB. slowerC. fasterD. cleaner()24. A. cityB.

43、collegeC. universityD. country()25. A. stopB. hateC. hopeD. needIII. 阅读理解AMy friend Matt and I arrived at the ActivityCenter on Friday evening. The accommodation wasn t whad everything we needed （ beds, blankets, food ） , and we were pleased to be out of the city and in the fresh air.On Saturday mor

44、ning we met the other ten members of our group. Cameron had come along with two friends, Kevinand Simon, while sisters Carole and Lynn had come with Amanda. There were some other members I didn come from different places and none of us knew the area.We knew we weregoing to spend the weekend outdoors

45、, but none of us was sure exactly how. Half of us spent themorning caving while the others went rock-climbing and then we changed at lunchtime. Matt and I went to the caves （岩洞） first. Climbing out was harder than going in, but after a good deal of pushing, we were out at last. Though we werecovered

46、 with mud, we were pleased and excited by what we d done.()26. The writer spent the Saturday morning _.A. rock-climbingB. sleepingC. meeting friendsD. caving()27. There were _ members in all in the writer s group.A.6B.8C.10D.12()28. We can learn from the passage that _.A. some of the group had been

47、there beforeB. the group had done rock-climbing many timesC. some of the group already knew each otherD. the group all came from the same city()29. The writer thought her weekends were _.A. interestingB. relaxedC. frightenedD. unpleasant()30. This passage mainly talks about_.A. the writer s friends

48、at the ActivityCenter7/10B. the writer s experience at the ActivityCenterC. outdoor sports at the ActivityCenterD. how to go rock-climbing and cavingBWhen you think of Beijing, the beautiful green waters and hills of BeihaiPark and the grand and beautiful Forbidden City will come to your mind.In rec

49、ent years, groups of modern buildings and specially designed plazas have appeared on Beijingstreets.Standing in the street, you can feel how Beijing has changed. But foreigners still like to go to the hutongs.The word hutong comes from the Mongolian language. Hutongs come to Beijing more than 700 ye

50、ars ago. As timepassed, the hutongs have remained, and have become an important part of the essence of Beijing.Many foreigners, when they come to Beijing from their far countries, will go directly to visit the hutongs after settingdown. They sit in the courtyards, chatting with the native Beijingers

51、 about neighbors and their life. It seems that through their chatting, they can find the true meaning of Chinese family life.Waving good-bye, they have to leave the hutongs, and say goodbye to the families with whom they have chattedhappily. But they don t feel like leaving. The hutongs have brought

52、 great enjoyment to them.Although every country has it own special cultural background, economic situation and level and feelings are similar.The hutong is a cultural symbol of this city. And the families of the hutongs are also unforgettable.()31. When we talk about Beijing, we often think of_.A. Beihai ParkB. Forbidden CityC. th