湿地中的植物入侵及湿地植物的入侵性

1、Chinese Journal of Biology 2006 ,25(5) :577 580300071)215Q948. 1A1000 4890( 2006)05 - 0577 - 04Plant in nsion in uetland and invasiveness of uctla nd plants. L I H)ngy uan MENG Weiqi ng( College cf En- vironmental Science and Engineering. Nankai Univeisity, Tianjin 300071, China) Chinese Journal of

2、Ecology .2006 25(5) :577 580.Wetland is viewed as the Kidney of the Nature while wetland ecosystem is being destroyed seriously In the disturtxince of wetland ecosystem .plant invasion has become lhe num factor .and wetland plants have higher invasiveness Therefore .wetland and plant invasion are th

3、e hotpots in modern ecological study. We summarized the main reasons why wetlands are more casly invaded <e g.divcrsily and wide distribution of wet la nd habr tats .rdativity of wetland s location with plant seed s diffusion routes disturbance xutrcphication Srangibility of wetland .and lack of

4、natunil enemies: introduced 21 worldwide plant jpocies wit h higlier invasiveness in wetland and tlieir ecological behaxiors: and analyzed five hypotheses about the pla nt inva son in wetland i e., natural enemy s evasion .bloader tolerance efficient use heterosis .“nd allelq)athy.Key uords wetland

5、.plam invasion. wetland plant .invasiveness20 801 10 di1221161( Al ternanthera philoxe-，roides) 2040*60 *H7J(Eichnornia crassipes)2030:2005 - 05- 08:2006- 01 - 086057825：DI 19 I12(3.9；2)；4):6)3Lylhrum salicaria),( Typha domingensis), 12 11 21Tib. I 21 vurklM& invasive flanlsand lheir characlers

6、in wHlands(m)(Spartina inglica)< 2(S. densif lora)< 2(Phragmites australis)> 2(Phala ris ar undinacea)2(Ar undo donax)> 2(Polypgon monspeli ensis»-< 1(Paraphdis incurva>-< I-(Agrostis avenxea)< 1(Typha latifdia X lypha anguetifolia)> 2(T domingeibis)> 2(T oricnlali

7、s)> 2(J uncus aiticulatus)-< 1(Polygonum cuspidatum)> 2(Lythrum salicaria)2(Alteraanthera philaxercid®)< 1(linpatiens glandulifera>2.5(Mimasa pigra)-2 6(Melaleuca quinquinervla)-915(Schinus terebinthifolius)6(Tamarii ramoassima)> 2(Sapiu m sebifcr um)> 257957920I J 9, 20 60

8、,19744.3,1997mi1134. 14. 224%I2OJ 4.4H2|Willis 12,1Goodwi n 1101165EUstrand ,8',289L ythrum salicariaL ala turn Pursh ,S partinaaltcrnif lora S . fdiosa Trin( Ty phalatifolia X Typha angustifolia)4.5WilliamsCkdlarcb5802551 1997.|J 1.16(2) :28 30.2 .2004.J.23(3):124127.3 Anx)n J P .ThompsonCA .Ca

9、rpenter QJ .et al. 2002. Temperate jo ne fens of the gkKiated fidues«ern USA |J . Wetlands .22: 301 317.4 Bedford BL .Gxlwin KS. 2003. Fens of the United St ales: Distribution rharxteriics and scientific connection versus legal isolation | J. Wet Ian 1963.50Email:hongyuan nankai .23:608 629.5 C

10、allaway JC.3?dler JB. 199& Interactions between a nxirshnatixe perennial ( Salicornia virginica) and an exotic annuil (Polypogon monspeliensis) uider varied salinity and hydroperiod J . Xetlandi Ecd. Manape. .5:179194.6 Chabhi A.Me心 KL .Mcncfelsohn LA.2000. Fate cf oxygen locsfro m Tjpha doninge

11、nsis < Tjphxeae) and Qadum jamaicense (CXperaceae) and consequences for root metabolism J Am. J Bet. .87:10811090.7 Cox GW. 1999. Alien Species in North America and Hawaii :Inr pacts on Natural Ecosjstems|M |. Washington DC:Island Piress.8 EUstrund NC .Schierenheck KA.2000 H)bridz«nion as a

12、stimir I us for (he evriution rf invasiveness in plants? J . Proc. Nall. Acad. Sci. USA .97 :7043 7050.(91 Gillardr Williams MT. Gager CL Pidala J A .et al. 2002. Essential fatty acicfc and phenolic acids from extracts and leachates of a)uthorn cattail ( Typha domingensis P.)J Phytochemistnr. 59:3O5

13、 308.110 Gbodwin BI .McAllister AJ Fahrig L. 1999. Predicting invasiveness rf plant species based on biological infornntion J | Cbn serv. Biol. J3 :422 426.|11 Hecjge P .Kriuvken L K.Patten K. 2003. A review of S parti na nnnagemeit in Washington Suite. US J J. Aqual Plant Manage. .41:82 90.112 Levi

14、ncJ M. Vila M .D .ntonio CM .et a 1.2003.Mechanisms unde dying the inpacts of exotic plant invasions |J |. Proc. Roy Soc. London ,270:775 781.113 Mango G .Pautou G. 1998. Phenology .growth and ecophysblo-gieal characteristics of Fallopia sachalinensis ( Pdyg)naceac) J. J. Veg. Sci. ,9:379 386.114 Mi

15、tchell CE,Power AG. 2003. Release cf invadve plants fiumfunpl and vinil pathogens J . Nature .421:625627.115 Olde Vcntcrink H Dai(kson TE. Kehl K.& al 2002. Impactof drying and re-wetting on N P and K d)nanics in a wetland soil J Plant Soil .243:119130.16 Reichard SH .White P. 2001. Hortic(ure a

16、s a pathway of invasive plant intinductions in the United Slates J Bicsciencc .51 : 103113.117 Richardson DM Py&k P Rejmanek M .et al. 2000N at uni iz a- tbnand invaon of alien plants: G)nccpts and definitions |J Diwre.Dislrib. .6:93107.118 Sai nty G.McCorkelle G J uiien M. 199& Control and

17、spread ofaliitor weed Alternanthera philmeroides ( Mart.) Gseb. .in Australia :Lessons for other regions J |. Wetlands Ecol. Man* ape. .5:195201 119 S)hnw E .SinzrEbrza M.Ehna ED 2(X2. Invxishilityof acmal stripin NE 印ain by alienplants JJ Veg. Sd.13:585 5U20 J Si)ukup A .Volrubova O .Qzkova H.2000 hternal segmentation of rhizomes of Phragmites austral