当不定式或动词的

1、当不定式或动词的 -ing 形式与其逻辑主语之间构成被动关系时， 要用其用被动式。 其形式归纳如下：不定式 To be done To have been done动词 -ing 形式 Being done Having been done对非谓语动词被动语态的考查在高考中也是较常见的。例 1：Little Jim should love to the theatre this evening. （ 92 全国）A. to be taken B. to takeC. being taken D. taking【分析】答案选 A。句子主语Little Jim与take是被动关系，被带去看戏&qu

2、ot;发生在 想（shouldlove=want） 后”，所以用不定式的被动式作宾语。例 2：After he became conscious, he remembered and on the head with a rod. 【 06江西】A. to attack; hitB. to be attacked; to be hitC. attacking; be hitD. having been attacked; hit【分析】特殊情况："remembei接动名词的一般式或完成式均表示记得已经发生过的事”句子的主语 he 与并列的 attack， hit 是被动关系，答案应选

3、 D。例 3：At the beginning of the class,the noise of deskscould be heard outside the classrooms. （ 07全国 II ）A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closedB. being opened and closed D. to open and close【分析】动词-ing形式的被动语态为“beingdone”。根据所提供的情景课判断出在上课的开始可以听到桌子被打开和关上的声音。Desks与open,close之间为被动关系，且充当介词of的宾语，因此

4、使用动词 -ing 形式的被动语态。例 4： Where is George? He said he would meet me at 3 o 'clock.He seems with Mr. Brown in the office. （2000 全国）A. to talk B. to be talking C.to have talked D. talking【分析】 seem 后接动词不定式作宾语，此处根据情景：他似乎正在和布朗先生在办公室说 话，应该用不定式的进行式，故选 B。说明：一动词不定式用主动形式表被动含义的情况： 在作表语或宾补的形容词后用状语时； 作定 语修饰have

5、, there be, this / that / these / those be等后面的名词或代词时；作表语的 to blame, to let, to rent 等。如：1. The text is difficult to learn. 这篇课文很难学。 （to learn 主动表被动 ）2. We found the text difficult to learn. 我们觉得这篇课文很难学。 （to learn 主动表被动 ）3. He was to blame for that. 他因此受到了责备。（作表语的 to blame 主动表被动 ）4. I ' m going t

6、o the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything ?A. to be buyingB. to buyC. for buying D. bought【分析】答案选 B。表示 有要”常用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。5. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good .【 08 全国卷 I 】A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed 【分析】在主系表结构中，当表语形容词

7、为 good, light,heavy, difficult 等时，其后常用不定 式作状语，表示时间，原因，结果等，且常用主动形式表示被动意义，因此选B。二 need, want 和 require 表示 “需要 ”，主语通常是物时，后面除用不定式的被动式外，也可用 -ing 形式的主动形式表示被动。如：There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars road conditions need. （05 上海卷 ）A. that; to be improvedB. which; to be improvedC.

8、where; improving D. when; improving【分析】答案选 A。 need improving=need to be improved 。 that 引导的从句与 problem 是同位 语。练一练：1. （2002）Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remainswhether theywill enjoy it.A. to seeB. to be seenC. seeingD. seen2. （2002 上海 ） to sunlight for too much ti

9、me will do harm to one's skin.A. ExposedB. Having exposedC. Being exposed D. After being exposed3. （2002 春招）Prices of daily goodsthrough a computer can be lower than store prices.A. are boughtB. boughtC. been bought D. buying4. （2002 上海春招 ）When, the museum will he open to the public next year.A.

10、 completedB. completing C. being completed D. to be completed5. （2003 上海）The discovery of new evidenee led to.A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught6. （2003 上海春招 ）Friendship is like money: easier made than .A. keptB. to be kept C. keepingD.

11、being kept7. （2003 上海春招 ）Unlessto speak, you should remain silent at the conference.A. invitedB. invitingC. being invited D. having invited8. （04 辽宁 September.A. to be heard B. to be hearingC. to hear D. to have heard9. （04 上海 ）The flu is believed by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells insid

12、e thehuman nose and throat. A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused10. （05湖北卷）from other continents for millions of years ,Australia has many plants andanimals not found in any other country in the world.A. Being separatedB . Having separatedC. Having been separated D . Tobe sep

13、arated11. （05 上海卷）He got well- prepared for the job in terview, for he could n' t riskthe good不定式 To be done To have been done动词 -ing 形式 Being done Having been done对非谓语动词被动语态的考查在高考中也是较常见的。例 1：Little Jim should love to the theatre this evening. （ 92 全国）A. to be taken B. to takeC. being taken D. t

14、aking【分析】答案选 A。句子主语Little Jim与take是被动关系，被带去看戏"发生在 想（shouldlove=want） 后”，所以用不定式的被动式作宾语。例 2：After he became conscious, he remembered and on the head with a rod. 【 06江西】A. to attack; hitB. to be attacked; to be hitC. attacking; be hitD. having been attacked; hit【分析】特殊情况："remembei接动名词的一般式或完成式均

15、表示记得已经发生过的事”句子的主语 he 与并列的 attack， hit 是被动关系，答案应选 D。例 3：At the beginning of the class,the noise of deskscould be heard outside the classrooms. （ 07全国 II ）A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closedB. being opened and closed D. to open and close【分析】动词-ing形式的被动语态为“beingdone”。根据所提供的情景课判断出在上课的开始可以听到桌

16、子被打开和关上的声音。Desks与open,close之间为被动关系，且充当介词of的宾语，因此使用动词 -ing 形式的被动语态。例 4： Where is George? He said he would meet me at 3 o 'clock.He seems with Mr. Brown in the office. （2000 全国）A. to talk B. to be talking C.to have talked D. talking【分析】 seem 后接动词不定式作宾语，此处根据情景：他似乎正在和布朗先生在办公室说 话，应该用不定式的进行式，故选 B。说明：一

17、动词不定式用主动形式表被动含义的情况： 在作表语或宾补的形容词后用状语时； 作定 语修饰have, there be, this / that / these / those be等后面的名词或代词时；作表语的 to blame, to let, to rent 等。如：1. The text is difficult to learn. 这篇课文很难学。 （to learn 主动表被动 ）2. We found the text difficult to learn. 我们觉得这篇课文很难学。 （to learn 主动表被动 ）3. He was to blame for that. 他因此

18、受到了责备。（作表语的 to blame 主动表被动 ）4. I ' m going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything ?C. for buying D. bought【分析】答案选 B。表示 有要”常用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。5. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good .【 08 全国卷 I 】A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being bre

19、athed 【分析】在主系表结构中，当表语形容词为 good, light,heavy, difficult 等时，其后常用不定 式作状语，表示时间，原因，结果等，且常用主动形式表示被动意义，因此选B。二 need, want 和 require 表示 “需要 ”，主语通常是物时，后面除用不定式的被动式外，也可用 -ing 形式的主动形式表示被动。如：There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars road conditions need. （05 上海卷 ）A. that; to be improvedB.

20、which; to be improvedC. where; improving D. when; improving【分析】答案选 A。 need improving=need to be improved 。 that 引导的从句与 problem 是同位 语。练一练：1. （2002）Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remainswhether theywill enjoy it.A. to seeB. to be seenC. seeingD. seen2. （2002 上海 ） to

21、sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.A. ExposedB. Having exposedC. Being exposed D. After being exposed3. （2002 春招）Prices of daily goodsthrough a computer can be lower than store prices.A. are boughtB. boughtC. been bought D. buying4. （2002 上海春招 ）When, the museum will he open to

22、 the public next year.A. completedB. completing C. being completed D. to be completed5. （2003 上海）The discovery of new evidenee led to.A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught6. （2003 上海春招 ）Friendship is like money: easier made than .A. keptB.

23、to be kept C. keepingD. being kept7. （2003 上海春招 ）Unlessto speak, you should remain silent at the conference.A. invitedB. invitingC. being invited D. having invited8. （04 辽宁 September.A. to be heard B. to be hearingC. to hear D. to have heard9. （04 上海 ）The flu is believed by viruses that like to repr

24、oduce in the cells inside thehuman nose and throat. A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused10. （05湖北卷）from other continents for millions of years ,Australia has many plants andanimals not found in any other country in the world.A. Being separatedB . Having separatedC. Having bee

25、n separated D . Tobe separated11. （05 上海卷）He got well- prepared for the job in terview, for he could n' t riskthe good12. （ 05 辽宁卷） All these gifts must be mailed immediately in time for Christmas.A in order to have received Bin order to receive C so as to be received D so as to be receiving13. （94）The first textbooks for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16thcentury.A. having written B. to be writtenC. being writtenD. written14. （94）The missing boys were last seen near th