浅谈直接引语—间接引语

1、浅谈直接引语一间接引语一、定义：直接引语：直接引述别人的话语，用引号“”扌舌起。间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话语，构成一个宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序。例句 1: he said to me，“i broke your cd player” .he told me that he had broken my cd playc匚变化分析：saidtold （动词变化）1he （人称变化）brokehad broken （时态变化）例旬 2： he asked me, u what can i do for you ?"he asked me what he could do for m

2、e.变化分析：cancould （时态变化）what can i一what he could （句式变化）i he （人称变化）二、直接引语一间接引语具体的变化内容。直接引语间接引语1动词变化bringtakecomego2时间变化nowthentodaythat daythis eveningthat eveningyesterdaythe day before / the previous dayyesterday morningthe morning beforelast nightthe night beforetwo days agotwo days beforenext weekt

3、he next week / the following weektomorrowthe next day / the following daythe day before yesterdaytwo days beforethe day after tomorrowtwo days after / in two days' time3地点变化herethere4时态变化had donehad donehave / has donedidhad been doinghad been doinghave / has been doingbe + doingwas / were +doin

4、gwillwouldbe going towas / were going to*.直接引语一间接引语时，吋态相应地退后一个。5旬式变化陈述句(that ) + 个陈述句一般疑问句if / whether + 一个陈述句特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+ 个陈述句whatwherehow manyhowhow much +个陈述彳ij祈使句动词+ to do形式的宾语补助语 advise sb (not)to do / order sb (not)to do want sb (not)to do / ask sb (not)to do6人称变化笫一人称与主句的主语相一致第二人称与主句的宾语相-致笫二人称第

5、三人称7指示代词变化thisthatthesethose三、时态不需要变化的情况:1. 直接引语有确定的过去时间。he said , "the story took place in the 1930. ”he said that the story took place in the 1930s.2. 间接引语所转述的动作或状态说话时仍在继续。the reporter saicu "the war in the middle east is now still on. ”the reporter daid that the war in the middle east i

6、s now still on.3. 间接引语所转述的是白然现象、科学真理、名言警句。our english teacher said , “ all work no play makes jack a dull boy. ”our english teacher told us that all work no play makes jack a dull boy.4. 肓接引语屮有，when, while, since等引导的时间状语从句时，从句的时态不变。he said , “ it is many years since he came to live here”he said that

7、 it was many years since he came to live here四、例题解析：1. “ have you ever been to gulin? n he asked me.(直接引语)he asked me.(间接引语)a. had i ever been to gulinb. have i ever been to gulinc. if i have ever been to gulin d. whether i had ever been to gulin 解题步骤：a. 先看题干，直接引语是一个一般疑问句。根据变化规则，间接引语需是一个“if / whethe

8、r +个陈述句”。于是，我们排除a, b.b. c,d选项的区别为：c选项是现在完成时，d选项是过去完成时。c. 根据间接引语比直接引语退后一个吋态的规则，我们选d.2. “ what is the matter with you? "he asked me. (15接引语)he asked me with me.(间接引语)a. what the matter isb. what the matter wasc. what's the matterd. what was the matter解题步骤：a：表面上看，直接引语是一个特姝疑问句，间接引语需是特殊疑问词+ 个陈述

9、句。再结合时态规则，我们很容易选b.b：这是错误的。c：如果把b选项放到题干中，意思不符。be with sb :和某人在一起。而题干的 意思是：他问我怎么了。d： matter with sb :和某人有关，结合时态。正确的答案是d.这里，what作了主 语。五.讲后练习：1 < she said，uril coem here tomorrow/5she said that she would go there .a. tomorrow b. next day c. following day d. the following day2. he said , ulight travel

10、s much faster than sound.”he said that lightmuch faster than sounda. traveled b. traves c is traveling d. will travel3. she said, u are you interested in english?”、she asked .a. if i was interested in englishb if you were interested in englishc whether i am interested in english d. whether you are i

11、nterested in english4. she asked me , “ how is everything going?"she asked me.a. how is everything goingb. how was everything goingc. how everything was goingd how everything is going5. he asked, “who is going on well with you?nhe asked.a. who was going on well with meb. who i was going on well

12、c. who is going on well with med. who i am going on well with6. choosing the right dictionary depends onyou want to use it for.a. what b. why c. how d. whether7. go and ask hercome .一oka. what time would she like toc. when would she like to8. can you make sure ?a that he will come here todayc will h

13、e come here today9. mr smith told us that heb. at what time she'd like tod. when she likes tob. when he will come here todayd. whether will he come here today atlanta at least three times in the past two yearsa. had gone to b. has gone to c. had been to d. has been to1（）. "you can leave your motorcycle in my garage if you like/'mr corder said