城市轨道交通专业英语课程教案第周—节

1、YGROUP system office room TYYUA16H-TYY-TA8Q春广城市轨道交通专业英语课程教案（第6周12节）授课题目Unit 2Knowledge of TrafficLesson 5 Rail Transit （上）授课类型讲授型教学目标Master the related knowledge of Rail Transit重点1 .Light Rail Transit2 .Heavy Rail Transit （Jt）.难点In this ease, tracks are usually laid on open ballast between intersect

2、ions, both for a low-cost comfortable profile and to prevent motor vehicles from encroaching on the tracks.Both. . . . and.不但而且；既 又本文中 both. . . And.短语连接for a low-cost comfortable profile （造价经济,乘坐舒适）和to prevent motor vehicles from encroaching on the tracks （防止机动车辆驶入轨道）这两部分，阐明了轨道铺 设在裸露碎石上的两个用途（目的）教学过

3、程结合同学们对城市轨道运输的认知程度，根据教材详细讲述 轻轨运输、重轨运输（上半部分内容）等相关知识以及文中 生词、短语、及语法结构作业Words and Expressions 2. Notes on the textRail Transit （城市）轨道运输Rail Transit轻轨运输The right-of-way for light rail transit routes includes sections of shared, semi exclusive and exclusive facilities.轻轨运输根据其通行权包括共用设 施、半专用设施和专用设施三部分。The l

4、ast of these becomes similar to heavy rail transit design ( discussed in the next section), except that power distribution systems and station platform lengths differ.这三部分中的最后一项即专用 设施与重轨运输(将在下一节中讨论)相似，只是其动力 分布系统和站台长度有所不同。Shared, on street track alignment is primarily determined by the geometry of th

5、e streets available主 要 教 学 内 容for the route.共用设施的轨道路线定位主要取决于所经 过街道的几何线形。Turning radii can be quite short, but track spacing at sharp curves must be increased so that front and rear overhangs of one vehicle do not collide with the center portion of a vehicle on the adjacent track.其转弯半径可以很小，但是在急转弯处，轨道

6、之 间的间隔必须增大，以避免车辆的前后外伸部分与相邻轨 道上车辆的中部相撞。This may preclude simultaneous 900 turns at intersections of two narrow streets, and dictate single-track, alternate movement, or other design solutions.这项要求不允许在两条狭窄街道相交的十字交 叉口上同时进行90度转弯，却允许单轨、交替通行轨道和 其他类型的轨道的设计方案。.Semi exclusive route sections can be placed in

7、the median strip of wide arterials with crossings at grade.半专用的轨道没施可以设置在宽的干线道路的中央分隔带上，轨道之间的交叉采用平交形式。In this case, tracks are usually laid on open ballast between intersections, both for a low-cost comfortable profile and to prevent motor vehicles from encroaching on the tracks.在这种情况下，轨道 通常被铺设在裸露的碎石上

8、，目的是使造价经济、乘坐舒 适，同时防止机动车辆驶人轨道。Curve geometries are usually designed for somewhat higher speeds ( larger radii ) , but clearances of vehicles at curves can still be a problem.曲线的几 何线形设计通常应适宜较高的车速(大半径)，但是车辆 在转弯处的横向净空仍然是一个问题Sometimes, the methods of priority treatment for buses are applicable to streetc

9、ar operation.公交优 先方法有时被应用到有轨电车的运行上。This applies particularly to signal priority measures and exclusive use of streets in downtown areas.尤其是应用于信号优先的管理措施和中心区的专用 街道。The speed and track capacities of LRT are only moderately lower than heavy rail transit. 轻轨运输 的车速和通行能力比重轨运输的稍小。More direct service with br

10、anch or parallel lines can often be provided: stops may be located route accessibly and spaced more closely to reduce walking distances.由于轻轨路线有分支或平行路线， 因此它可以提供更多的便捷服务：行人更容易进人站点； 站点间距变小，从而减少了人们的步行距离。Thus, overall door-to-door travel times for urban trips up to perhaps lOmile ( 16km) may be in the sam

11、e range as provided on fully gade-separated urban rapid transit facilities.因此,对于 10 英里 06公里)长的城山出行距离，所要花费的按户到达的全部出行时间与那些全部立交的城市快速运输设施所要用的 时间大致相同。Attractive linear park treatments .such as alongSt. Charles and Carlton Avenues in New Orleans andBeacon Street inBrookline, can provide additional ameniti

12、es along and in the streetcar right-of-way located in street medians.线形公园的处置可以为设置在街道中央 的路面电车提供更多的愉悦感，例如新奥尔良的查尔斯街 和卡尔顿大街以及波士顿的比肯街沿线。2. Heavy Rail Transit .重轨运输Because of the enormous investment required for the infrastructure of hilly separated rail transit ， such mutes are only built in corridors ve

13、ry large traffic demand.由于修建完全立交的轨道基 础设施需要大量的投资，所以这种线路只修建在交通需 求很大的通道内。This technology offers very fast, high-capacity service, but the network extent is necessarily limited by available funds, and feeder services are required to serve the rail routes.这种技术虽然可以 提供快捷、大容量的服务，但是其网络的拓展不可避免 地受到可用资金的限制，而且全线

14、都需要支线服务Heavy rail transit alignments are based on very detailed studies of demand, station locations, and relative costs.重轨运输路线的设计建立在非常洋细的 交通需求、站点位置和相关费用调查研究的基础上The decision on vertical alignment is made primarily so that the sum of land, construction, and environmental costs is minimized, although irregular topography also plays a role.虽然不规贝的地形会产生一定的影响，但首先要确定路线的纵断面，± 地价格、结构造价和环境造价最小。Construction costs are least at grade, bu