八年级下册单元知识点

1、名师总结精品学问点第一单元学问点unit 1 will people have robots.be doing 表示将来 be going to do表示将来 will do表示将来there be 句型表示的是“某地（时）有某人（物） ”，强调“存在关系” ；have 就表示“某人（物）全部” ，强调“所属关系”for example there is a bus in our factory. （公共汽车不肯定属于我们厂全部）our factory has a bus. 公共汽车属于我们厂全部there be 句型将来时表达方式，确定：there will be否定 there wont

2、be一般疑问句will there be. 确定回答yes, there will. 否定回答 no, there wont.more 的意思是 “更多的 ”，它是 many 和 much 的比较级，它可以用来修饰可数名词的复数或者不行数名词； less adj. 较少的 ;少量的little 的比较级 fewer 也表示较少的，少量的 . 但 less和 fewer有区分less 一般修饰不行数名词 . fewer 修饰可数名词 . there will be less pollution.live in anapartment 住在公寓里on the weekend 在周末be able

3、to do sth =can do sth能够. come ture 实现want to do sth = would like to do sth 想要去做某事make sb do sth 让某人做某事in the future将来help sb with sth 在某方面帮忙某人 .hundreds of hundred 后加 s 就肯定要加 oftry to do sth 尽力做某事youd better do sth 你最好做某事wake sb up 叫醒某人the same as 和 一样study at home on computers在家用电脑学习on vacation 度假d

4、o the mostunpleasant jobs做.最不开心的工作 （unpleasant反义词 pleasant）do the same things as a perso做n. 像人一样的事情live to be 200 years old 活到两百岁as a reporter 作为一名记者；agree with sb同意某人看法go doing sth. 结构，表示 “去做go skating去滑冰 go swimming去游泳 fall in love with a girl爱上一个女孩（ fall fell fallen） .alone（独自 ;单独） live alone 一个人

5、住 lonely 表示（孤独的，孤寂的）keep 有好几个意思， 1 在本课中做“饲养 ;喂养 keep a pet parrot养一只宠物鹦鹉2 保持某状态 ：keep silent. 保持缄默 . keep healthy保持健康 during the week “在工作日里 ” wear 表示“穿”，表示状态 he wears a hat ；put on 是“穿上”，“戴上”的意思，强调动作dress oneself/casually 为自己穿衣服 /穿着随便see sb. do sth，.“看到某人做某事 ”中be free 免费，有空take the rockets to the m

6、oon乘火箭去月球wear a suit穿套装win award 获奖next time 下一次fly to the moon 飞到月球be used by most people被大多数人使用live in space 在太空居住do such jobs 做如此的工作 such 作形容词，意思是 “如此的 ”这“样的 ”，修饰各种名词；假如名词是可数名词的单数形式，such 和 so的位置不同： such+a/an+形容词 +单数名词 so+形容词 +a/an+单数名词假如名词是不行数名词或名词复数，只可用 such,不能用 so.such+形容词 +不行数名词或复数名词get bored

7、感觉无聊 over and over again 一再地，反复地look like看起来（更）像help sb. to do sth. 帮忙（某人）做某事one of 名词复数（之一） after an earthquake地震之后what do you think sally will be in ten years. 你认为萨莉 10 年之后将会是什么样子 .此句中的 do youthink 是插入语，其后接的宾语从句必需用陈述句语序；shellbe a reporter in ten years.（十年后）十年后她会是一个记者one day i might even visitaustr

8、alia.甚至有一天我可能去参观澳大利亚；might 在此处为或许可能之意,是个情态动词 .it s + adj +for + sb to do sth做某事对某人来说是 的.it will be difficult for a robot to do the same thing as a person.it takes/took/will take sb sometime to do sth做某事花费了某人多少时间；it will take scientists moretime to make robots look like snakes.what do you think the w

9、eather will be like tomorrow.你认为明天的天气怎样 . what will teenagers dofor fun twenty years from now.二十年后年轻人将如何消遣i want to work for myself when i m older.当我大点的时候，我想为自己工作；i need to look smart for my job interview.为了我工作面试，我需要看上去时髦点predicting the future can be difficult.展望将来有困难humans will have less work todo.

10、人类将有更少的工作可做we never know what will happen in the future.我们不知道将来会发生什么；名师总结精品学问点其次单元学问点unit 2 what shouldido.should 是情态动词，必需和其他动词一起构成谓语； 情态动词没有人称和数的变化， 意为"应当 ."；在这个单元中我们仍学到用"could" 表示建议，比 should更加委婉的建议 whats wrong with sb=whats the matter with sb. 表建议的句型why dont you talk to him abo

11、ut it.=why not talk to him about it.=you should/could talk to him about it.=how/what about talkingto him about it.=you d bettertalk to him about it.want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 give sb. sth.= give sth to sb.给某人某物 return sth. to sb.=give sth. back to sb.把某物归仍给某人on the phone 在电话里 tell sb. not to do sth

12、. 告知某人（不）做某事 some advice 一些建议 advice不行数名词 not.until直到才 nothing new 没什么新东西 see sb. doing sth. 观察某人正在做某事by oneself 独自after-school activities 课外活动 join “参与，加入， 指加入某党派，团体，人群，嬉戏等成为一个成员take part in 表示“参与，加入” ，指参与某一活动； forget 指大脑不能记起或回忆不出过去的人或事leave left 指因马虎把某物落在某处； he cant pay for the book, because he le

13、ft his wallet钱包 at home.be angry with sb 对某人愤怒 be original 新奇的 have a bake sale卖烧烤 take sb fromto带某人从到pay for 付款1 sb. pay some money for sth. 某人为某物花费多少钱2sb. spend some time money on sth./ sb. spend some time doing sth.某人花费金钱或时间在某事上或做某事ask sb forsth 向某人要求某物the same as与同样的 get on 相处;进展 get on well wit

14、h sb与某人相处融洽you could write him a letter.你可以给他写份信write sb a letter=write to sb=write a letter to sb 给某人写信 a bit =a little一点儿（修饰形容词或比较级） seem to do 似乎做某事seem like看起来像 buy sth for sb 为买东西 fail thetest=not pass the tes考t试不及格 the same age as=as old as和-年龄一样 try to do sth,尽量干某事trydoing sth试着干某事competition

15、 starts froma veryyoung age 竞争从很小年纪就开头了 organized activities 有组织的活动 play cds too loud 影碟放得太大声了argue with sb 与某人争辩 /吵 out of style=out of fashion过时 in style =in fashion 流行 keep sb out 不让进 入 call sb up 打电话给（ =ring sb up=phone sb=give a call to sb=call sb）a ticket to a ball game 球 票 a ticket for to的票 s

16、urprise v使诧异 surprised 感到诧异的 surprising 诧异的“ find ”指偶然发觉一个事 实或道理；“find out ”经过询问、打听之后搞清某事，强调“付出了努力”have a fight with sb 与某人打架 asas possible尽可能（=asas sb can）fitinto找到时间来做某事try to fit as much as possible into their kids lives.并且尽可能多地尽可能多地充实到孩子们的生活中来； under the pressure of在的压力下 complain about sth/doing

17、 sth 埋怨teachers complain about teaching tiredkids老师埋怨教疲乏的孩子send sb to把某人送到all kind of各种各 样的mothers send their kids to all kinds of classes 母亲送孩子去各种补习班compare sb with sb将某人与某人相比push sb to do sth强迫某人做某事 think for 为 着想 find it +adj.+to do sth.发觉做某事很怎样 children may find it hard to think for themselves w

18、hen they are older. 这些孩子当他们长大后可能会发觉为自己考虑事情很难； on the one hand ，on the other hand一方面，另一方面 need sth to do sth 需要什 来 on the one hand，children need organized activities. on the other hand ,theyalso need time and freedom to relax一.方面孩子需要有组织的活动，另一方面他们需要时间和自由去放松； enough 为形容词，意思是 “足够的”；enough +名词 enough mon

19、ey; 形容词或副词 +enough；busy enough足够忙 borrow “借入，”即说话人向他人借东西borrow sth from sb.; lend-lent-lent借“出，”即说话人把自己的东西借给他人lend sb sth= lend sth to sbtalk about谈论 talk to sb 和 talk with sb均表示 “和某人谈话 ” maybe是副词 "或许，或许，大致 "maybe you should call him up. 或许你应当给他打电话， may be 是情态动词 may 加上动词原形 be，意为 "或许&q

20、uot; ，后接形容词、名词、代词等；. it may be true.它可能是对的； he doesn't have any money, eithe；r用在否定句后表示 " 也" everyone elsein my class was invited except me除.我外，班上的其他同学都被邀请了except可表示“除之外”else，其他的，副词，一般修饰疑问词、不定代词，不能修饰名词activities include sports, language learning, music and math classes.名师总结精品学问点第三单元学问点w

21、hat were you doing when the ufo arrived .过去进行时构 were/was+ving 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作；1 when 与 while 引导时间状语从句的区分“ when后”既可以加一般过去时， 又可加进行时；一般过去时只是单纯地说明过去的某个事实， 即“有过这事 ”；而 while 肯定是进行时而过去进行时强调动作的连贯性、始终性；2. when 后通常用表示暂短性动词，while 后通常用表示连续性动词i was getting out of the shower while the ufo arrived 当飞

22、碟到达时我正从浴室往出走； get out of . 出去、离开；get into 走进，进入 walk down =walk along the street 沿着街道走 i was walking down the street when a ufo landed right in front of 在；前面 me；当飞碟恰好降落在我眼前是我正走在大街上； right副词正好：刚好 cut oneshai理r 发 kid v 欺诈；哄骗 youre kidding 你在开玩笑anywhere adv处处；无论哪里（用于否定句和一般疑问句中）did you go anywhere yeste

23、rday. 你昨天去了什么地方吗？ happen v发生 sth. happen to +名词 发生于身上 she hoped nothing bad would happen to him他期望没有坏事发生在他身上；run away 跑开；快速离开； 逃走 in the barber shop=in the barber's. 在理发店 at the doctor's （在诊所；在医院在表示诊所、店铺或某人的家时， 常常用名词全部格的形式） she is staying at mary's她正呆在玛丽家see sb. do sth. 观察某人做 过某事 she saw

24、 the alien get out. 她观察外星人出来 （. amazing诧异的 amazed感到诧异的）比 surprising更具意外性in the library 在图书馆 sleep late 睡懒觉 take off飞机起飞；脱下（衣帽） on sundayevening 在星期日晚上 （特指某日如星期、 假日、某月某日或某个特定的上、 下午、晚上用 on）takephotos 照相 at the train station在火车站 run away 跑开，逃跑 as+adj 原形 as 和一样 in the tree在树上（树以外） on the tree在树上（树本身） in

25、 history 在历史上 for example 例如 on the playground在操场上 in the city of 在市 ten minutes ago非常钟前 take place发生（强调必定性） of course=sure=certainly当然 all over the world=around the world 遍及全世界 outside/inside the station 在车站外 /内 next to 相邻，紧贴 hear about/of听说（间接听到）in silence缄默不语 an unusual experience 一次不平常的经受have fu

26、n doing sth 干某事有乐趣 have meaning to 对有意义 a national hero 一个民族英雄 for the first time第一次 how strange it was！（ how+ 形容词 +主语+be 动词！）多古怪啊！感叹句的构成： what +a/an+形容词 +单数名词 +主语+谓语！what a good book it is.多好的一本书啊！what+形容词 +不行数名词 +主语+谓语！ what cold weather it is. 天气真冷啊！ how + 副词+主语+谓语！how hard they are working.他们工作多

27、努力啊！ think about doing sth 考虑做某事 i followed to see where it was going.我跟随想看看他将无那里follow sb to do sth 跟随某人做某事isn t that amazin难g.道那不令人诧异吗！ i was so tired this morning. it was difficult to get out of the bed.今早我太累了，起床对我来说很困难； the news of important events重大大事的消息in the street英也可以用 on thestreet在街上 be sca

28、red =be afraid某人给吓坏了 ,可怕了 be scared of /at sth可怕某事 are you scared ofsnakes.你怕蛇吗？ be scared to do sth可怕做某事 shout at sb对某人喊叫 有斥责之意 shout to sb对某人喊叫 arrive, get 和 reach的区分；reach地点 =get to地点 =arrive in/at地点 （到达某地） talk on the phone 打电话 buy a souvenir买纪念品 climb a tree 爬树 jump down 跳下来 another dog另一只狗 mur

29、der sb谋杀某人 for the first time 第一次 the museum of flight 航空博物馆 experience经受（可数名词） none of the othershave lived my experiences 没. he has rich experience in teaching他有丰富的教学体会；有人体验过我的经受； 体会（不行数名词）world trade center in new york was destroyed by terrorists纽. 约的世贸中心被恐惧分子摧残了not allevents in history are as te

30、rrible as this, of course当. 然不是全部的历史大事都和这个一样恐惧；all, both,each,every与 not 连用时，只表示部分否定his flight around the earth lasted about 22 hours他.的飞行持 续了大约22 小时；绕地球名师总结精品学问点第四单元学问点he said i was hard-working.直接引语 :直接引述别人的原话,直接引语必需放在引号内.间接引语 :用自己话转述别人的 话,间接引语一般构成宾语从句. 直接引语变为间接引语时，1 通常受转述动词 said ，told,asked 等的影响而

31、使用过去化的时态.2 直接引语改为间接引语时， 当原句是陈述由 that 引导（可以省略）；一般疑问句由直由if引导变陈述语序，特别疑问仍由原先的疑问词引导变为陈述语序；祈使句引述动词常用 tell ，ask 而把间接祈使句变成带to 的不定式短语； 3 人称变化规律（一随主，二随宾，三不变）first of all第一 近义词组 at first/at the beginningdo well in在某方面做的好in good health健 康 care for 照顾，照管how s it going.最近好吗？ forget to do sth. 遗忘做某事 仍没有做 forget do

32、ing sth. 遗忘做过某事 已经做过了 remember to do sth. 记得做某事仍没有做 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 已经做过了 i said i didn'tthink it was a good idea for her to copy my homework.留意 :think用法：假如think引导的宾语从句，其从句表示否 定意思时，不是否定从句，而是否定主句；have a surprise party for sb 为某人举办一个惊喜的派对；im not mad atmarcia anymore. 我很生玛西亚的气；be/get mad

33、 at/with sb. 生某人的气 bring sth to sw/sb.把某物带到某地/某人 do a homework project=work on a homework project做家庭作业 notany more 不再pass on themessage；传信 take a message for sb 捎个口信（给某人） leave a message 留言 call sb with a message for c打电话给某人让他捎信给 c pass sb sth =pass sth to sb 把 传给某人 you were supposed to meet at bus

34、stop this morning . 你们今早应当在公车站见面 be supposed to do sth 理应做某事； 被要 i finished my end-of-year exams lastweek and got my report card today我上周考完期末考试，今日拿到了成果单；the end-of-year exams期末考试 get ones report card 收到某人的成果报告单i always get nervous when i see the envelope from school in the mail.当我在邮件中看到来自学校的信封，通常变得紧

35、急；get nervous变得担心（ =be stressed out） envelope from来自的信封 she said i was lazy . 他说我很懒； “ true”意为“真实的，属实的”it s justthat i find science reallydifficult. 只是我发觉科学真的很难anotherdisappointingresultwasinhistory. 另一个扫兴的结果在历史； disappointing, 令人扫兴的disappointed 感到令人扫兴的itall started whenshe asked me ifshe couldcopy

36、my homework. 这一切发生在当她问我她是否能抄我的作业；copy homework抄作业 she should do her own homework.她应当做自己的作业；ownadj属于自己的 “own ”不行单独使用， 只能用在全部格之后，起加强语气的作用havea really hard time with science 自然课学得很吃力have a hard time with sth/in doing sth某方面吃力或艰巨 start a bad habit养成/开头坏习惯 i m sure that 我确信sound like fun to sb 对你来说听起来是件趣

37、事 the ministry education 训练部 sea level 海平面 i was sure she would get over it.我信任她能原谅它； get over原谅克服从中复原过来she saidhelping others changed herlife .她说帮忙他人转变了她的生活；change one s life=change the life of sb转变某人的生活 the peking university graduatefirstwent thereas a volunteeron a one-yearprogram北大毕业生在一个一年节目中第一去

38、了那儿当了一名抱负者；the peking university graduate北大毕业生 as a volunteer担任支教 on a one-year program在一个一年节目中every year they send 100 volunteers to teach in china s rural areas.每年他们都送 100 名抱负者去中国的乡村地去任教； fortunately，yang lei s mother agreed with her daughters decision.幸运的是，杨蕾的妈妈同意她女儿的打算；fortunately=luckily幸运地“ fo

39、rtunately”常修饰整个句子；常放句首或句末； decision （名词） 打算 makea decisionto do sth打算做某事 =decide to do sthseniorhigh school高中 there often isntmoneyfor education.通常没有钱来接受训练； ican open up my students eyes tooutsideworldand givethem a good start in life.我可以打开我的同学们对外面世界的视野并在生活中给他们一个好的开端；open up名师总结精品学问点ones eyes to the

40、 outside world打开某人对外面世界的视open up one s ey打es开的眼界/ 拓展同学的视野 野 give sb a good start in life给某人生活一个好的开头she said she likes beinga good influenceinchildren s lives.她说她宠爱在孩子们的生活中成为一个好的影响；be a good influence in ones life在某人的生活中有一个好的影响make sb. do sth使.得某人做某事 wild animals 野生动物in danger 处于危急中的 dangerous 危急的 i

41、m sorry to heathrat he had a bad cold last week.上周听说他感冒了我真的很遗憾send ones love to sb 向某人问好 rural areas边远山区第五单元学问点unit 5if you go to the party，youll have a great time.1. if 条件句用一般现在表示将来的时间2 表示假设的情形可能发生if you do, you ll 3 条件状语从句用if 引导，意为 “假如、假如 ”，主句不能用 be going to 表示将来，而应用will ；4 留意宾语从句中的if 与条件状语从句if 的区

42、分；宾语从句中的 if“是否”引导宾语从句， 时态需依据语境确定； i don't know if it will rain tomorrow.我不知道明天是否会下雨；too much 后接不行数名词（数量多）” much too后接形容词“太” much too heavy 太重了 too muchwater.太多的水 be famous for 表示“因而出名 ”for 后接表示出名的缘由； be famous as就表示 “以身份而闻名 ”as后接职业、身份或位置 i want you to remember the rules for school parties我.想让你记住

43、参与学校聚会的规章want sb to do sth. 想让某人做某事travel around the world 周游世界half theclass 一半同学half an hour 半小时 a professional athlete 职业运动员 begin the story with the words.以这些话开头讲这个故事beginwith以“ 开头 take away 运走，取走don't take it away.不要将它拿走 make a living 谋生 he makes living as a driver.他以开车谋生；make a lot of money

44、挣很多钱 let sb in 答应进入 let sb do sth让某人做某事 be late for 迟到 becoming a professional athletemight seem like a dream job成.为一名职业运动员可能似乎是一份抱负的职业might 表示可能性， 推测一般表示比may 较低的可能性 mightseem like 或许看起来像seem like+名词 似乎，似乎you'llbe able to make a livingdoing something you love. 你能做你宠爱的事来谋生“ makea livingby doing s

45、th通”过做来谋生 be able to +动词原形 “有才能做某事 ” doing somethingyou love.做你宠爱的事； people all over the world will know you. 全世界的人将会熟悉你； all over the world （全世界） this is a great chance that many people do not hav这e是一个很多人所不能得到的难得的机会；have a chane to do stn有机会做某事 .watch you all the time and follow you everywhere.始终看着你，你走到哪都跟着你； all the time 始终 everywhere 副词（ adv.）处处 get injured =be