2008医学考博英语统考真题

1、2008年全国医学博士外语统一考试 英语试卷Paper OnePart I Listening Comprehension (30%)Section A1. A. It was called off unexpectedly.B. It raised more money than expected.C. It received fewer people than expected.D. It disappointed the woman for the mans absence.2. A. A thoracic case. B. A nervous disorder.C. A stomach

2、 problem. D. A psychiatric condition.3. A. In the housing office on campus. B. In the downtown hotel.C. At a rental agency. D. In the nursing home.4. A. Trilled. B. Refreshed C. Exhausted. D. Depressed.5. A. To travel with his parents. B. To organize a picnic in the country.C. To cruise, even withou

3、t his friends. D. To take a flight to the Maldives.6. A. Hes got a revert. B. Hes got nausea.C. Hes got diarrhea. D. Hes got a runny nose.7. A. To suture the mans wound. B. To remove the bits of glass.C. To disinfect the mans injured. D. To take a close look at the mans wound.8. A. Mr. Lindley had g

4、ot injured. B. Mr. Lindley had fallen asleep.C. Mr. Lindley had fallen off his chair. D. Mr. Lindley had lost consciousness.9. A. She will apply to Duke University.B. She will probably attend the University of Texas.C. She made up her mind to give up school for work.D. She chose Duke University over

5、 the University of Texas.10. A. Her boyfriend broke up with her.B. She was almost run over by a truck.C. One of her friends was emotionally hurt.D. She dumped her boyfriends truck in the river.11. A. The patient will not accept the doctors recommendation.B. The doctor lost control of the allergic re

6、action.C. The doctor finds it hard to decide what to do.D. The medicine is not available to the patient.12. A. It was more expensive than the original price. B. It was given to the woman as a gift.C. It was the last article on sale. D. It was a good bargain. 13. A. excited. B. Impatient. C. Indiffer

7、ent. D. Concerned.14. A. She regrets buying the car. B. The car just arrived yesterday.C. She will certainly not buy the car. D. This is the car she has been wanting.15. A. He is seriously ill. B. His work is a mess.C. The weather is lousy this week. D. He has been working under pressure.Section BPa

8、ssage One16. A. He has got bowel cancer. B. He has got heart disease.C. He has got bone cancer. D. He has got heartburn.17. A. To have a colonoscopy. B. To seek a second opinion.C. To be nut on chemotherapy. D. To have his bowel removed.18. A. A pretty minor surgery. B. A normal life ahead of him.C.

9、 A miracle in his coming years. D. A life without any inconveniences.19. A. Thankful. B. Admiring. C. Resentful. D. Respectful.20. A. It was based on the symptoms that man had described.B. It was prescribed considering possible complications.C. I was given according to the mans actual condition.D. I

10、t was effective because of a proper intervention.Passage Two21. A. Smoking and Lung Cancer. B. Lung Cancer and the sexes.C. How to quit smoking. D. How to prevent lung cancer.22. A. Current smokers exclusively. B. Second-hand smokers.C. With a lung problems. D. At age 40 or over.23. A. 156 B. 269 C.

11、 7498 D.942724. A. Smoking is the culprit in causing lung cancer.B. Women are more vulnerable in lung cancer than men.C. Women are found to be more addicted to smoking than men.D. When struck by lung cancer, men seem to live longer than men.25. A. Lung cancer can be early detected.B. Lung cancer is

12、deadly but preventable.C. Lung cancer is fatal and unpredictable.D. Smoking affects the lungs of men and women differently.Passage Three26. A. A hobby B. The whole worldC. learning experience. D. A career to earn a living27. A. Her legs were broken B. Her arms were brokenC. Her shoulders were severe

13、ly injured D. Her cervical vertebrate were seriously injured.28. A. She learned a foreign language B. She learned to make friends.C. She learned to be a teacher. D. She learned a living skills.29. A. She worked as a skiing coach. B. She was a college instructor.C. She was a social worker in a clinic

14、.D. She worked as elementary school teacher.30. A. Optimistic and hard-bitten. B. Pessimistic and cynical.C. Humorous and funny. D. Kind and reliable.Part II Vocabulary (10%)Section A31. Im afraid that youll have to _ the deterioration of the condition.A. account for B. call for C. look for D. make

15、for32. Twelve hours a week seemed a generous _ of your time to the nursing home.A. affliction B. alternative C. allocation D. alliance33. Every product is _ tested before being put into market.A. expensively B. exceptionally C. exhaustively D. exclusively34. Having clean hands is one of the _ rules

16、when preparing food.A. potent B. conditional C. inseparable D. cardinal35. The educators should try hard to develop the _ abilities of children.A. cohesive B. cognitive C. collective D. comic36. Mortgage _ had risen in the last year because the number of low-income families was on the increase.A. de

17、fects B. deficits C. defaults D. deceptions37. The symptoms may be _ by certain drugs.A. exaggerated B. exacerbated C. exceeded D. exhibited38. Her story was a complete _ from start to finish, so nobody believed in her.A. facility B. fascination C. fabrication D. faculty39. The police investigating

18、the traffic accident have not ruled out _.A. salvage B. safeguard C. sabotage D. sacrifice40. The government always _ on the background of employees who are hired for sensitive military projects.A. takes up B. checks up C. works out D. looks intoSection B41. The 19th century physiology was dominated

19、 by the study of the transformations of food energy into body mass and activity.A. boosted B. governed C. clarified D. pioneered42. Surely, it would be sensible to get a second opinion before taking any further action.A. realistic B. sensitive C. reasonable D. sensational43. The Chinese people hold

20、the ancestors in great veneration.A. recognition B. sincerity C. heritage D. honour44. I worked to develop the requisite skill for managerial.A. perfect B. exquisite C. unique D. necessary45. If exercise is a bodily maintenance activity and an index of physiological age, the lack of sufficient exerc

21、ise may either cause or hasten aging.A. instance B. indicator C. appearance D. option46. The doctor advised Ken to avoid strenuous exercise.A. arduous B. demanding C. potent D. continuous47. The hospital should be held accountable for the quality of care it delivers.A. practicable B. reliable C. fle

22、xible D. responsible48. Greenpeace has been invite to appraise the environment costs of such an operation.A. esteem B. appreciate C. evaluate D. approve49. The company still hopes to find a buyer, but the future looks bleak.A. chilly B. dismal C. promising D. fanatic50. These were vital decisions th

23、at bored upon the happiness of everybody.A. ensured B. mined C. achieved D. influencedPart III Cloze (10%)Are some people born clever and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences? Strangely _51_, the answer to both these questions is yes. To some extent

24、 our intelligence is given us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius _52_ a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in boring environment will develop his intelligence less than the one who lives in rich and varied surrounding. Thus the _53_ of

25、a persons intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his _54_. This view, not held by most experts can be supported in a number of ways.It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent _55_ we are born with. The closer the blood relationship betw

26、een two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people _56_, it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If on the other hand we take two identical twins they will likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like

27、 brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have _57_ intelligence and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth._58_ now that we take identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example to a university and the other to a factory where the w

28、ork is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment _59_ birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the _60_ that people who live in close contact with each other. But who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degre

29、es of intelligence.51. A. quiet B. enough C. sure D. so52. A. out of B. into C. from within D. off53. A. amounts B. qualities C. limits D. scores54. A. disposition B. perception C. endowment D. environment55. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything56. A. in advance B. for effect C. at rand

30、om D. under way57. A. similar B. various C. appropriate D. inborn58. A. Look B. Believe C. Suggest D. Imagine59. A. and B. or rather C. as well as D. but for60. A. fact B. event C. condition D. environmentPart IV Reading Comprehension(30%)Passage OneFourteen-year-old Sean MeCallum lay in a hospital

31、bed waiting for a new heart. Without it, Sean would die. Seans case is not unusual. Everyday many people die because there just arent enough human organs to go around. Now scientists say they can alter the genetic make-up of certain animals so that their organs may be acceptable to humans. With this

32、 gene-altering technique to overcome our immune rejection to foreign organs, scientists hope to use pig heart for transplants by the year 2008.That prospect, however, has stirred up strong opposition among animal fight activities. They protest that that the whole idea of using animal organs is cruel

33、 and unjust. Some scientists also fear such transplants may transform unknown diseases to humans. Others believe transplanting animal organs into humans is unnecessary. Millions of dollars spent on breeding pigs for their organs could be better spent on health education programs. They believe sevent

34、y-five percent of the heart disease cases that lead to a need for organ transplant are preventable. The key is to convince people to eat healthily, and not to smoke or drink alcohol. Scientists could also use research funds to improve artificial organs. Still others believe that though new invention

35、s and prevention programs may help, spending money to encourage more people to donate their organs is an even better idea. If enough people were educated about organ donations, everyone who needed an organ could be taken off the waiting list in a year.61. What is the problem the passage begins with?

36、A. High mortality rate of immune rejection.B. A malpractice in heart transplantation.C. An unusual case of organ transplant.D. A shortage of human organs.62. Not only is the gene-altering technique a technical issue, according to the passage but also it _.A. introduces an issue of inhumanityB. raise

37、s the issue of justice in medicineC. presents a significant threat to human natureD. pushes the practice of organ transplant to the limits63. Doubtful of the necessity of using animal organs, some scientists _.A. are to narrow the scope of organ transplantsB. switch to the development of artificial

38、organsC. come up with alternatives to the current problemD. set out to pursue better ways of treating heart disease64. It can be inferred from the concluding paragraph of the passage that _.A. the gene-altering technique will help those waiting for organ transplantsB. the present supply of human org

39、ans still has potential to be exploredC. people prefer the use of animal organs for medical purposesD. the gene-altering technique leaves much to believed65. The information the passage carries is _.A. enlightening B. unbelievable C. imaginative D. factualPassage TwoThere is a great irony of 21st ce

40、ntury global health: While many hundreds of millions of people lack adequate food as a result of economic inequities, political corruption, or warfare, many hundreds of millions more are overweight to the point of increased risk for diet-related chronic diseases. Obesity is a worldwide phenomenon, a

41、ffecting children as well as adults and forcing all but the poorest countries to divert scarce resources away from food security to take care of people with preventable heart disease and diabetes. To reverse the obesity epidemic, we must address the fundamental cause. Overweight comes from consuming

42、 more food energy than is expended in activity. The cause of this imbalance also is ironic: improved prosperity. People use extra income to eat more and be less physically active. Market economies encourage this. They make people with expendable income into consumers of aggressively marketed foods t

43、hat are high in energy but low in nutritional value, and of cars, television set, and computers that promote sedentary behaviour. Gaining weight are good business. Food is particularly business because everyone eats. Moreover, food is so overproduced that many countries, especially the rich ones, ha

44、ve far more than they need - another irony. In the United States, to take an extreme example, most adults-of all ages, incomes, educational levels, and census categories are overweight. The U.S. food supply provides 3800 kilocalories per person per day, nearly twice as much as required by many adult

45、s. Overabundant food forces companies to compete for sales through advertising, health claims, new products, large portions. And campaigns directed toward children. Food marketing promotes weight gain. Indeed, it is difficult to think of any major industry that might benefit if people eat less food;

46、 certainly not the agriculture, food product, grocery, restaurant, diet or drug industries. All flourish when people eat more. And all employ armies of lobbyists to discourage government from doing anything to inhibit overeating.66. The great irony of 21st century global public health refers to _.A.

47、 the cause of obesity and its counteractive measuresB. the inefficient and superfluous consumption of foodC. the seas natural resource and the green of food sourceD. the consumption of food and the increased risk for diet-related diseases67. To address the fundamental cause of the obesity epidemic,

48、according to the passage, is _.A. to improve political and economic managementB. to cope with the energy imbalance issueC. to combat diet-related chronic diseasesD. to increase investment in global health68. As we can learn from the passage, the second irony refers to _.A. affluence and obesityB. fo

49、od energy and nutritional valueC. food business and economic prosperityD. diseases of civilization and pathology of inactivity69. As a result of the third irony, people _.A. consume 3800 kilocalories on a daily basisB. complain about food overproductionC. have to raise their food expensesD. are driv

50、en towards weight gain70. Which of the following can be excluded as we can understand based on the passage?A. The economic dimension. B. The political dimensionC. The humane dimension. D. The dietary dimensionPassage ThreeWomen find a masculine face with a large jaw and a prominent brow more attract

51、ive when they are more likely to conceive, according to a study published in the June 24 Nature. Before, during, and just after menstruation, however, they seem to be drawn to less angular, more “feminine” male faces, the researchers report. “Other studies of female preference, mainly for odors, sho

52、w changes across the menstrual cycle,” says leading author Ian Penton-Voak of the University of St. Andrews on Scotland. “we thought it would be interesting to look at visual preferences and see if they changed also. The research showed 39 Japanese women composite male faces that emphasized masculine Dr feminine facial features to differing degrees. The women preferred images with more muscular features when they were in the fertile phase of their menses but favored m