PMBOK指南(第5版)第十一章习题

1、1. Which of the following is an example of corrective action in risk management?A Conducting a risk auditB Engaging in additional risk response planningC Performing the contingency planD Conducting a risk review以下哪一项是风险管理中纠正行动的例子?A 进行风险审核B 进行额外的风险应对规划C 执行应急计划D 进行风险审查2The three attributes of project

2、risk are ( ), ( ), and ( ).A. what might happen, who happens to, and how much will it costB. notification, frequency of relevant events, probability of occurrenceC. quality risk planning total number of risk eventsD. the risk event, probability of occurrence, the amount at stake项目风险的三个属性是( )、( )和( )

3、A可能发生什么、发生在谁身上、造成多少成本B告示、相关事件的频率、发生概率C质量、风险计划编制、风险事件的总数量D风险事件、发生概率、受威胁的金额3Risk tolerance are dedermined toA. help the team rank the project risksB. help the project manager estimate the projectC. help the team schedule the projectD. help management know how other management will act on project确定风险的承

4、受力是用以A协助团队对项目的风险程度分级B协助项目经理估计项目C协助团队安排项目进度D协助管理层了解其他经理是如何参与项目的4Management reserve is used forA. Risks that are identified at the outset of the projectB. Risks that are not identified at the outset of the project but are known before they occurC. Risks that cannot be known before they occur because t

5、hey are external risksD. Any risks that cannot be known before they occur管理储备是用于A. 项目开始时被识别的风险B. 项目开始时未被识别，但在发生前被识别的风险C. 在发生前不可能知道的外部风险D. 任何在发生前不可能知道的风险5.In general,at which point in schedule significant risk may occur?A. Path convergenceB. Path DivergenceC. Imposed datesD. Milestones通常，重大风险将发生在进度哪个

6、点上？A. 路径汇聚B. 路径分散C. 强制时间D. 里程碑6. A project managers main risk-handling strategy is to accept risks. The project manager istherefore:A. a risk assumption tester.B. risk averse.C. risk seeking.D. risk deflector.6. 一名项目经理应对风险的主要策略是接受风险.因此,该项目经理:A.试验风险假设条件.B.讨厌风险.C.敢于冒风险.D.转移风险.7an individuals willingne

7、ss to take a risk can be determined byA. decision tree modelingB. monte carlo methodC. sensitivity analysisD. utility function个人承担风险的意愿是取决于:A决策树模型B蒙特卡罗方法C敏感分析D效用函数8 The concept of standard deviation is important in risk analysis since standard deviationmeasure an estimate's variability. Therefor

8、e, the ( ) the standard deviation of an estimate, the ( )its variability and risk.A. larger, greaterB. larger, lesserC. smaller, greaterD. smaller, normalcy在风险分析中标准差非常重要，因为它可以测量一个估算的可变性。因此，估算的标准差( )，其可变性和风险就( )。A越大、越大B越大、越小C越小、越大D越小、为常态9Assumptions are valid output of the scope initiation processes.

9、 Prior to project execution,each assumption must be resolved identified as aA. ConstraintB. Risk.C. Deliverable.D. Problem假设是范围启动过程的有效输出。执行项目前，每个假设必须被确为:A约束条件B风险C可交付成果D问题10In a proactive approach to project risk management, the amount of a contingency reserveshould be based onA. Percentages based on

10、 past experienceB. The sum total of the most likely probability and impact of the various risk eventsC. A set amount allocated to each item proportionatelyD. An allowance of 10 % for each phase in the project life cycle在前瞻性的项目风险管理方法中，应急储备金额应该根据A过去项目中的比例B最可能概率和各种风险事件影响的乘积C按比例分配到每一项的固定金额D项目生命周期每一个阶段储备

11、10%的金额11Based on historical data, the amount of overtime associated with the design effort of aproject is estimated at 100 hours with 0.40 probability, 200 hours with 0.40 probability, and300 hours with 0.20 probability. What is the expected value of the amount of overtime?A. 100 hoursB. 160 hoursC.

12、 180 hoursD. 260 hours基于历史数据，项目可能需要加班100 小时的概率为0.40，200 小时的概率为040，300 小时的概率为0.20。那么加班所需时间的风险期望值是多少？A100 小时B160 小时C180 小时D260 小时12. Additional risk response development is needed when theA. WBS is changedB. Cost baseline is changedC. Risk event was unexpected or the effect is greater than anticipated

13、D. Project plan is updated在下列哪种情况下，需要开发附加的风险应对措施？A. 工作分解结构（WBS）发生变更B. 成本基线发生变更C. 风险事件未被预计到或其影响此预计的要大D. 项目计划被更新13If a risk event has a 90% chance of occurring, and the impact will be US $10,000, whatdoes US $9,000 represent?A. Risk valueB. Present valueC. Expected valueD. Contingency budget如果某风险事件有90

14、% 的概率发生，对项目造成的影响为10,000 美元。9,000 美元表示了什么含义？A 风险值B 发生值C 预期值D 应急预算14Projects are particularly susceptible to risk becauseA. Murphys law states that "if something can go wrong, it will'"B. Each project is unique in some measureC. Project management tools are generally unavailable at the p

15、roject team levelD. There are never enough resources to do the job由于以下哪个原因， 项目特别容易受到风险的影响:A. 墨菲定律表明: "如果可能会生问题， 问题将会出现"B. 每个项目在某些方面是独特的C. 项目管理工具对于项目小组是不可得的D. 完成工作的资源永远是不足的15What does the standard deviation have to do with risk?A. NothingB. Standard deviation tells you if the estimate is ac

16、curateC. Standard deviation tells you how unsure the estimate isD. Standard deviation tell you if the estimate includes a pad标准差与风险有什么关系?A没有关系B标准差告诉你估计是否准确C标准差告诉你估计的不确定程度D标准差告诉你估计是否有一些水分16.During execution a major problem occurs that you did not include in your riskmanagement plan, you shouldA.Creat

17、e a workaround.B.Have a brainstorming meetingC.Report to the top managementD.Fund the cost from management reserve在执行项目期间，发生一个在风险管理计划中没有涵盖的重大问题时你将:A建立一个权变措施B召开会议采用头脑风暴法C向高层管理汇报D从管理储备中抽出资金作为处理成本17. You are in the middle of project execution and find that you are running out of money dueto unanticipat

18、ed changes. What is the BEST thing to do?A。crash or fast track the project.BRe-evaluate the risk analysis and contingency funding.C。Ask for a change to the project budget.D. Use resources that do not charge against the project.你在项目实施阶段的中期发现，由于未预料的变更，你的钱要花光了。最佳的措施是什么？A. 对项目进行赶工或快速跟进。B. 重新评诂风险分析和应急准备金

19、。C. 要求对项目预算做变理。D. 使用不对项目收费的资源。18. You are performing an audit of one of your project managers projects and notice that shedid not consider the network diagram as part of the risk identification process. Which one ofthe following is the BEST explanation for this situation.A. Explain that the project

20、manager probably forgot some tasks in her risk evaluation.B. Explain that the project manager probably forgot task precedence in her risk evaluation.C. Explain that the project manager probably forgot some path convergence issues in her riskevaluation.D. Explain that the project manager probably for

21、got some stakeholders in her risk evaluation.你正在对一名项目经理负责的项目进行审计,发现项目经理在风险识别过程中没有考虑网络图.对于该种情况,它能够说明什么?A. 能够说明项目经理在风险评估过程中可能忘记了一些任务.B. 能够说明项目经理在风险评估过程中可能忘记了一些任务的依赖关系.C. 说明项目经理在风险评估过程中可能忘记了一些路径趋同问题.D. 说明项目经理在风险评估过程中可能忘记了一些干系人.19. Your team has identified a possible positive outcome from your project.

22、Managementassigns the most senior staff to make sure that component is developed as quickly as possible.This is an example of:A. Opportunity mitigation.B. Opportunity acceptance.C. Opportunity sharing.D. Opportunity exploitation.你的团队为项目识别出一个可能发生的积极结果。因此，管理团队分配了最有经验的高级工程师以确保该组件被尽可能快的开发结束。这是什么的例子？A. 机

23、会转移B. 机会接收C. 机会分享D. 机会开拓20Contingency planning involves:A. Defining the steps to be taken if an identified risk event should occurB. Establishing a management reserve to cover unplanned expendituresC. Preparing a stand-alone document that is separate from the overall project planD. Determining neede

24、d adjustments to make during the implementation phase of a project应急计划编制包括:A定义一旦已识别风险发生后要采取的步骤。B建立一个管理储备用于未计划的花销。C准备一个独立文件，和整体项目计划分隔开。D确定在项目执行阶段需要进行的调整。21. Risk response owners can potentially have conflict with risk auditors because risk auditors:A. Report to the project manager.B. Investigate the

25、effectiveness of the risk owner.C. Measure the effectiveness of the risk thresholds.D. Report to the stakeholders.风险应对负责人和风险审计人之间存在潜在冲突,因为风险审计人:A. 向项目经理汇报.B. 调查风险应对负责人的效力.C. 衡量风险承受度的效力.D. 向干系人汇报.22.Your project for the U.S. Department of Energy is using earned value analysis as aperformance reportin

26、g technique. Your project is 20% complete. Results from a recent earnedvalue analysis indicate that the CPI is .67 and the SPI is .87. In this situation, you shouldA. Perform additional resource planning, add resources, and use overtime as needed toaccomplish the same amount of budgeted workB. Rebas

27、eline the schedule, then use Monte Carlo analysisC. Conduct a risk response audit to help control riskD. Update the risk identification and qualitative and quantitative risk analyses你们为美国能源部做的项目是以挣值分析为业绩报告技术的。你们的项目已经完成了20。最近的挣值分析结果显示CPI 为.67，SPI 为.87。在这种情况下，你应该A. 实施额外的资源计划，增加资源并用比预计更多的时间来完成预算的工作量B.

28、重新设置进度基线，再进行蒙特卡罗分析C. 实施一项风险回应审计来帮助控制风险D. 更新风险确认并实施定性和定量的风险分析23After identifying a risk to your project, you determine that there is a high probability of arisk occurring with a low consequence. What mitigation strategy do you adopt?A. Eliminate the consequence of the riskB. Avoid the riskC. Add the

29、risk to the list of non-critical risksD. Insure against the risk在识别你的项目的风险之后，你发现有个风险发生概率很高但结果对项目影响较小, 针对此风险，你会采取何种风险应对策略？A 消除风险的影响B 避免此风险C 添加此风险到非关键风险列表中D 给此风险购买保险24.Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of poor risk management?A. Inadequate risk response planningB. Poor risk monitoring an

30、d controlC. Lack of a prioritized list of risksD. Lack of detail in the scope statement下面哪项最可能是引起不好的风险管理的原因？A 不充分的风险应对规划B 较少的风险监视和控制C 缺乏按照优先排序的风险列表D 项目范围说明书缺乏细节25During the risk analysis process, it is determined that one identified risk event cannotbe avoided, mitigated, or insured. This risk event

31、 is a critical item that could cause theproject to fail if it occurs. The best option for the project manager is to:A. play down the risk and the team will find a means of overcoming any failure.B. place special emphasis on the risk event to intensely manage that item and all interfacingitems.C. hav

32、e the risk assessment team continue to analyze the risk event until it reduces theexpected negative value.D. ignores the risk assessment because any assigned value is a point estimate which is neverprecisely the expected state of nature.通过风险分析过程决定已经识别的一个风险事件无法避免、也不能减轻或保险。这是个关键的风险事件，一旦发生可能造成项目失败。项目经理

33、最佳的选择是:A. 贬低风险的重要性，让项目团队找到一个克服任何失败的方法B. 非常关注，加强管理该风险事件和所有的其他相关事件C. 让项目评估小组继续分析该风险事件，直到降低预期负值.D. 忽略风险评估，因为不管赋予什么值，都只是一个估计，绝对不会完全等同于预期的状态26 A project has the following risks: 20% probability of a 14 day delay in the receipt ofcustomerrequirements; 10% probability of a 21 day delay in the procurement p

34、rocess; 50%probability the integration will take 14 days longer. What is the expected value of these events?A. 11.9 daysB. 35.8 daysC. 49 daysD. Seven days一个项目具有如下风险：20%的概率可能会在客户需求确认中延迟14 天；10%的概率在采购过程中延迟21 天；50%的概率在综合中会延迟14 天。这些风险事件的期望值是多少？A 119 天B 358 天C 49 天D 7 天27. A project manager is quantifyi

35、ng risk for her project. Several of her experts are offsite, butwish to be included in the risk assessment portion of the project, How can this be done?A. Use Monte Carlo simulation using the internet as a tool.B. Apply the critical path method.C. Use inform survey with known experts.D. Apply the De

36、lphi technique.一名项目经理正在为自己负责的项目进行风险量化.几位参与项目的专家都不在现场,但是希望参与项目风险评估工作.如何实现这一点?A.依托因特网,使用Monte Carle 模拟方法B.使用关键路径方法C.对已知的专家进行非正式的调查.D.使用Delphi 技术.28The design engineers inform you that a cheaper component is available, but you are notsure whether it will impact the performance. You must first:A. Refuse

37、 the changeB. Evaluate the cost of the component relative to the contract's fixed priceC. Consider the risk associated with using the new part,D. Negotiate a lower price for that new component from your existing vendor.设计工程师通知你，找到了更便宜的零部件，但是你不能确认该零部件会否影响产品的性能，你必须首先:A拒绝更换B根据承包商的固定价来评估零部件的成本C考虑使用新

38、部件会带来的风险D与现有的厂商就这个新部件协商一个更低的价格29You are managing a project that involves working in various locations. Past projects havefailed at one of the field locations. Your INITIAL action should be to :A Increase management reserves for potential problemsB Identify potential risks and their probabilityC Incr

39、ease resources at the field locationD Adjust the scope and close the field office您正在管理一个涉及在多个地点开工的项目。以往的项目在某个现场已经失败。您最初的行动是：A 增加应付潜在问题的管理准备金B 查明潜在风险及其概率C 增加现场的资源D 调整范围和关闭现场办事处30The project manager may realize that some terms of the contract and project objectiveswill not be met. It would be costly a

40、nd time consuming to meet some specifications. Theprojecthas a high degree of exposure to risk at this point. Negotiation with the customer to reducethe risk exposure is a means that:A. could eliminate all risk to the project and customer at no cost to either party.B. could redefine the risk exposur

41、e to one of opportunities for both the project and customer.C. could result in reduced scope for the project and an improved product for the customer.D. may cost less to pay penalties and meet a modified specification to meet minimumcustomer requirements.项目经理可能意识到不能满足某些合同条款和项目目标，要达到某些规范既费成本又花时间，这时项目

42、出现风险的可能性较高。同客户协商以降低风险可能性这种手段:A可以消除所有项目和客户风险而不需要任何成本B可以重新定义风险对项目和客户发生的可能性C可以使项目范围减小并改进交付给客户的产品D可能减少支付罚金的成本并且使修订过的规范达到客户的最低要求31Assuming that the ends of a range of estimates are ±3 sigma from the mean, which ofthe following range estimates involves the least risk?A. 30 days, plus or minus 5 daysB

43、. 22 - 30 daysC. Optimistic = 26 days, most likely = 30 days, pessimistic= 33 daysD. A and B are equivalent and are both less risky than C假设估计幅度的两端是平均数的±3 西格玛，以下哪项幅度估计的风险最低?A30 天，加减5 天B22-30 天C最乐观=26 天，最可能=30 天，最悲观=33 天DA 和B 一样，风险都低于C32A project manager has just finished the risk response plan

44、for his project. Which of thefollowing should he do next?A. Determine the overall risk rating of the project.B. Begin to analyze the risks that were found in the product documents.C. Add tasks to the WBS.D. Hold a project risk review.某项目经理刚刚完成了项目的风险应对计划，他下一步该做什么?A确定项目整体风险的比率B开始分析那些在产品文档中发现的风险C在工作分解结

45、构上增加任务D进行项目风险审核33. You are using information-gathering techniques to identify project risks. Its veryimportant that you keep biases to a minimum. Which technique should you use?A. InterviewingB. DelphiC. Peer reviewD. Nominal group你在使用信息收集技术来识别风险，很重要的一点是要把偏见降低到最低水平，你应该使用什么技术？A. 访谈法B. 德尔菲法C. 同事评审D. 名

46、义小组34. You are working on a research and development project in the agriculture industry. Yourrisk management team has identified several risks and has determined that the mostsignificant risk to the project is a financial risk. The most effective response for this type ofrisk is:A. AvoidanceB. Acce

47、ptanceC. MitigationD. Transference你参加一个农业的研发项目，风险管理团队识别了几个风险并认为项目最主要的风险是财务风险，此类风险最有效的应对方式是：A. 规避B. 接受C. 减轻D. 转移35. Your project team has identified several risks related to your project. You decide to takeactions to reduce the impact of a particular risk event by reducing the probability of itsoccur

48、rence. What risk response strategy are you using?A. risk avoidanceB. risk acceptanceC. risk mitigationD. contingency plan你的项目团队识别了与项目相关的几个风险，你决定采取措施降低某一个风险事件发生的概率以期降低风险的后果，这种风险应对策略称为：A. 风_险规避B. 风险接受C. 风险减轻D. 应急规划36. _sometimes called risk symptoms or warning signs, are indications that some riskhas

49、occurred or is about to occur.A. Assumption analysesB. Delphi techniquesC. RisksD. Triggers_有时被称为风险症状或者警示信号，表明一个风险已经或者将要发生。A. 假设分析B. 德尔菲技术C. 风险D. 触发因素37. When managing a new project development project, a technical issue hinders the progress,you decide to invite experts and use Delphi Technique. You

50、 should:A. Make sure the experts consulted are recognized for their inputB. Compare information and work toward a single opinionC. Consult all the stakeholdersD. Arrange the meeting in an conference room to obtain consensus你管理一个新产品开发项目，一个技术问题影响了项目进度。你决定邀请专家采用德尔菲技术进行讨论。你应该：A. 保证各咨询专家的依据能够明确识别出来B. 比较信

51、息，朝着一个观点努力C. 咨询所有的项目利害关系者D. 将会议安排在一个会议室，达成共识38The first requirement for effective risk management isA. Clear visibility of the information needed for decision makingB. Ownership of the risks that are identifiedC. Appointment of the project manager early in the process to manage the identified risksD

52、. Project team members who are trained in risk and understand its causes to help constructand implement risk mitigation strategies有效风险管理的首要要求是:A决策所需信息的透明度高B风险所有关系明确C在管理已识别风险的过程中尽早地委任项目经理D受过风险培训并能理解风险起因的项目团队成员帮助创建和实施风险降低策略39. Sensitivity analysis:A. Examines the extent to which the uncertainty of pro

53、ject objectives affects each projectelement simultaneously.B. Examines the extent to which the uncertainty of each project element affects the objectivebeing examined when all other uncertain elements are held at their baseline values.C. Is a method for assessing stakeholders' tolerance to risk.

54、D. Cannot be used to determine which risks have the most potential impact on the project.敏感性分析A. 检查项目目标的不确定影响项目要素的程度B. 检查当其他要素保持在基线值的时候某一要素对目标的影响程度C. 是评价干系人忍受风险的方法D. 不能够被用来决定哪一个风险对项目有最大的潜在影响40Decreasing the probability of a risk is an example of risk:A. analysis.B. quantification.C. mitigation.D. tr

55、ansference.降低风险发生概率是风险_的例子？A分析B量化C缓解D转移41A workaround is-A. An unplanned response to a negative risk eventB. A plan of action to follow when something unexpected occursC. A specific response to certain types of risk as described in the risk management planD. A proactive, planned method of responding

56、 to risks权变措施是指A. 对负面风险事件的一个应急反应B. 当没有预料到的事情发生时遵循的一个行动计划C. 对风险管理计划中描述的风险的具体回应D. 一个前瞻性的、有计划的风险应对措施42Risk management includes the process concerned with ( ), ( ), and ( ) uncertainties duringthe project's life cycle.A. quantifying, controlling, and monitoringB. analyzing, monitoring, and response initialization ofC. costing, planning, and constrainingD. identifying, analyze, responding to风险管理包括在项目生命周期对不确定性进行( )、( )和(