2019-2020学年人教版英语八年级下册Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks重点知识点归纳总结(1)

1、Unit2 I 'll help to clean up the city parksSection A1. help v fhelpful helpless adj.1) . help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事。2) . help oneself ( to )自用(食物等)。3) . help sb. out帮助某人克服困难，渡过难关、解决问题、完成工作。4) . with the help of 在帮助下。5) . help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事。6) .Can' t help doing 情不自禁做.2. clean up把打扫

2、干净v. + adv. clean up the table = clean the table up clean it/them up3. sick /ill :(1) sick adj. “生病的”，既可放 be (系动词)后作表语，也可放 n.前作定语= be sick of "讨厌； 厌恶 ”sick person = patient “病人”feel sick感到恶心(2) ill adj. “生病的”，只能放 be (系动词)后作表语,be ill in hospital生病住院 川一川ness n. “病；疾病” .You look very tired. You mu

3、st be sick. (= ill) .He had asick mother.他有一位生病的母亲4. in the hospital 与 in hospital(1) in the hospital “在医院”指人在医院里，允许是在医院上班，允许是到医 院看望病人等；(2) in hospital"在医院；住院”指生病住院。类似的短语有：in the bed “在床上”，也许是蹲在床上或站在床上；in bed “在床上”指躺在床上Tom is 川 and staying in bed.5. cheer up使振奋，使高兴的(v.+adv)cheer sb. up =make sb

4、. happy 使某人高兴 cheer me up 使我高兴6. give out =hand out 分发(v. +adv)give out sth to sb. 分.给某人Give out其他意思1.发出(光、热、气味、声音等) 2.用完；耗尽【短语】：give in 屈® give back=return 归还give a speech 演讲 give sb. a call 给打电话give away 赠送give away money to kidsgive sb. a hand =help sb. 帮助某人give up doing sth 放弃做某事 give up sm

5、oking 放弃吸烟give sb. sth = give sth to sb. 给某人某物give me money 给我钱=give money to me 给我线7. come up with =think up 想出 catch up with 赶上 追上【短语】：think about考虑think of想起think over仔细考虑【谚语】Think before you act三思而后行v+up with 构成的短语：catch up with 赶上；追上 keep up with 跟上；跟、保 持联系put up with 容忍； 忍得住 end up with 结束；以而结

6、束8. help out帮助； 帮助出来help sb. out使某人脱离困境9. (1) use v使用一 useful adj.有用的 use up 用完(2) use sth to do sth用某物做某事(3) used to do sth过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用 于过去时态。(4) be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事(5) be used to do sth被用来做某事【记】 He used to wearglasses . But now he is used to wearing contact lenses.他以前常戴(框

7、架)眼镜，但现在习惯戴隐形眼镜。10. X alone / lonely 辨析：(1)alone = by oneself adj.单独的，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感情色彩。He often walks alone to home .(2)lonely指人孤独的，寂寞的，强调主观感受；也可指某个地方是荒凉的11. several可作定语，表示“几个"：=a fewSeveral boys were injured.有几个小伙子伤了。My friend speaks several language哦的朋友能讲几种语言12. volunteer v 志愿 n志愿者 volunteer

8、 to do sth 志愿做某事13. But I want to learn more about how to care for animals.但是我想学习更多的关于如何照顾动物的知识疑问词+不定式”作及物动词的宾语，【记】：I don't know what to do.I don' tknow how to do it .I don't know what to do with it.【拓展】“特殊疑问词+不定式”与“wh -从句的转换。转换时只需在疑问词后加主语(与主句主语一致)，并将不定式改成“should +v原形"做谓语。Eg: I don&

9、#39;t know how to solve the problem.=I don't know how I should solve the problem.14. such词条1词性用法常用结构such容 形词修饰名词such a/an +形容词+可数名词单数such+除many/few之外的形容词+可数名词复数 such +除much/little之外的形容词+ /、可数名词so程度 副词修饰形容 词或副词so+形容词+a/an +可数名词复数 so+ many/few +可数名词复数 so+ much/little+ /、可数名词注意：如果名词前被 many, much, f

10、ew, little修饰时，只能用so,而不用such： so many sick children/ so little timeso that 如此.以致so +adj.+ that ” “如此以至”引导结果状语从句so后面接形容词、副词He was so strong that he could lift the heavy bag.【记】 名前 such,形副 so, 多多少少 （many, much, few,little ）者B用 sa15. try out尝试;实验try v试图，设法，努力【拓展】（1）try on试穿（2） try to do sth努力做某事【侧重尽力做】（

11、3） try doing sth试图做某事【侧重尝试做】(4)try one ' s best to do sth= do one ' s best始yMstW力做某事 16. come true 实现词条是否接宾语用法achieve:是主语一般为“人”come true否主语一般是“梦想；理想”17. few几乎没有词条含义修饰的名词的数例句few几乎没有（表否定含义）可数名词复数They know few of usa few一些（表肯定含义）He made a few mistakeslittle几乎没有（表否定含义）/、口数名词I spend very little o

12、n fooda little一些（表肯定含义）I know a little about the story18. for example（l）for example “例如"，一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例，作插入语， 用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或旬末。For example , he is a good student.例如,他就是个好学生。such as“例如”，用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。可以和and so on连Boys such as John and James are very friendly. 像约翰和詹姆斯这样的男孩 都很友好。19. stop d

13、oing(1)stop doing sth 停止做某事 Please stop speaking.请停止讲话(2)stop to do sth停下来去做另外一件事Please stop to talk.请停下来讲话(3)stop sb. from doing sth =keep sb from doing sth=prevent sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事20. put off推迟 后面接名词、代词、动名词Put短语 put away将.收起来put on穿上 put down放下；记下 putup张贴；搭建；举起 put out熄灭21. Hope和wish区分(课时练

14、15页)hope to do sth. hope+ (that)从句表示可以实现的愿望。Wish sb. Sth. Wish to do sth. Wish sb. to do sth. Wish+(that)从句表示不可能实现或实现可能性比较小的愿望Section B1. repair v 修理；修复”1) repair的对象范围很广，从房屋、道路、机器到日常生活必需品，是使受到一定损失或失灵的东西恢复其形状或功能。Who has repaired the broken leg of the table? 谁把桌子的断腿修好了 ？2) mend的意思是恢复某物原来的样子(包括用针、线来缝补)

15、，一般指较小之物This shirt is too old to mend. 这件衣服太旧不能补了。3) fix用于需要重新 调”物体的结构，把松散的部件固定结实，将分离的物体各 部分装配起来。用于美国口语中，与repair无多大区别。Can you fix the broken chair? 你能修理那把坏了的椅子吗 ？4) lx 计/them up2. (1)take after在(外貌、性格、行为等方面)与(父母)相像，有血缘关系的(2)100k like只指在外貌上与 .相像(3) be like既可以指性格像，也可以指外表像。(4) be similar to与类似 只指在外貌上与

16、像3. give away赠送；分发(奖品)，捐赠与give相关的短语：give off放出，释放 give back归还，送回 give out分发give in 屈服give up 停止，放弃give sb. a hand助某人一臂之力 give sb. a call给打电话give a talk 作报告 give lessons to给上课give a lecture (a piano concert)作讲座(举行钢琴音乐会 )give sb. a chance 给一次机会give sb. lessons给某人上课give a message to-给一个 口 信give a conce

17、rt 举办音乐会give sb. sth. or give sth. to sb.给某人某物return sth. to sb.= give sth. back to sb. 把某物归还给某人与 away 相关的短语：get away from 逃离throw away 扔掉 go away 离去；出去stay away (from) 远离put away 放好 run away 逃走4.1) a photo of sb. sb.为宾格，“某人的一张照片”，强调照片上的人就是他/她本人。(2) a photo of sb's. sb's.为名词性物主代词或名词所有格，“某人的一

18、张照 片”，强调照片是sb.所拥有的。5. be sure (that) . be sure+ of/about doing sth , 确信”；义寸有把握”。但在接名词时，be sure of侧重指主语对某抽象事物的确信无疑；be sure about 则侧重指主语对某具体事物的确信无疑。I'm sure of his honesty.我肯定他是诚实的。 be sure to do sth ， 表示说话人对句子主语作出的判断， 认为句子主语“必定 ”、“必然会 ”、 “准会 ”如何如何。It is sure to rain. 天一定会下雨。be sure+宾语从句，表示主句主语对宾语

19、从句中涉及的事物所作出的判断， 意为 确信某事一定会”。We are sure he will make great progress this term我们确信他这学期一定会取得巨大进步【拓展】make sure 表示 “弄确实；核实；查证”。make sure常用于祈使旬，后面常接that宾语从句或of介词短语。Make sure + that 从句意为 “弄明白；确信”。Make sure + of + 代词/名词，意思也是“弄明白；确信”。 Make sure of his coming before you set off. 出发之前要确定他是否来。 I make sure (tha

20、t) he would come. 我确信他会来。6. set up 建立；设立set up =establish =build 建立( v. +adv)【短语】：set off 出发 set about doing sth 着手去做某事7. disabled adj. 肢体有残疾的(既可以做表语,也可做定语)disabled people 残疾人Though he is disabled , Liu Wei made his dream- to be a pianist come true.【加前缀dis- 构成的词】dislike 不喜欢 disorder 无秩序 dishonest 不诚

21、实disappear 消失1.1 magine + n/ ving/ pron v 想象9 . have difficulties. 有困难。【解析】have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难10 .be excited about 对 感到激动Excite v. f exciting/excited adj. 兴奋的be excited about对感到兴奋be excited to do sth.对做某事感到兴奋11. be able to 能够词条适用时态人称和数例句be able to用于各种时态有人称和数 的变化I will be able to dr

22、ess more casually.can用于现在时或过去时（could）没有人称和 数的变化I could swim at the age of seven.=I was able to swim at the age of seven.12. be/ feel lucky to do sth做某事感到很幸运。luck n.幸运 ” -lucky adj.幸运的 ” luckily adv.幸运地” unlucky adj.不幸的" 一 unluckily adv.不幸地；不幸的是”13. （1） fetch v去拿来=get （go and bring ） 去（某地）拿来（讲话者

23、处）（2） bring v带来从（某地）拿到（讲话者处）bring up养育，养大bring sb. sth = bring sth to sb. 给某人带某物（3） take v 带来从（讲话者）拿走 take -took - taken（4） Carry提；扛；运没有方向性14. send一 sent 一 sent v 发送【短语】：send away 赶走 send for 派人去请 send off 寄出 send out 分发send up 发射 send sb. sth = send sth to sb.送给某人某物1 5.if如果引导条件状语从句，从句用 一般现在时，主句用一般将

24、来时。16 . work out 原文 The ideas that he came up with worked out fine.Work out fine=work out well 有效其他含义：1.计算出2.制订；拟出 3.（使问题）逐渐解决17 .change v改变；变化change ones life 改变某人的生活 change. into.把变成18 . Make+it+adj.（for/to sb.）+to do sth.使做某事（对某人来说）. it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式短语除make外，常跟it做形式宾语白动词还有 find/feel/consider/think【单元语法】一、短语动词分类：1 .动词+介词ask for 请求 belong to 属于look at 看look after 照顾 learn from 向 学习remind of 提醒takeafter与相像2 .动词+副词take away 拿走 wake up 醒来 put off 推迟 give out 分发 think over 考 虑 end up结束3 .动词+副词+介词come up with 提出，想出 run out of 用完get along with