第一部分必修一Unit4 Earthquakes

1、.高频单词必记高频单词必记1 vi.爆裂；爆发爆裂；爆发 n. 突然破裂；爆发突然破裂；爆发2 n. 事件；大事事件；大事3 n. 废墟；毁灭废墟；毁灭 vt. 毁灭；使破产毁灭；使破产4 adj. 极度的极度的5 vt. 破坏；毁坏；消灭破坏；毁坏；消灭bursteventruinextremedestroy6 vt. & vi. (使使)震惊；震动震惊；震动 n. 休克；打击；震惊休克；打击；震惊7 n. & vt. 援救；营救援救；营救8 vt. 使陷入困境使陷入困境 n. 陷阱；困境陷阱；困境9 n. 灾难；灾祸灾难；灾祸10 vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏埋葬；掩埋；隐藏s

2、hockrescuetrapdisasterbury11 n. & vt. 损失；损害损失；损害12 n. 裁判员；法官裁判员；法官 vt. 断定；判断；判决断定；判断；判决13 vt. 损害；伤害损害；伤害 n伤害；损害伤害；损害 adj.受伤的受伤的damagejudgeinjureinjuryinjured14 n电；电流；电学电；电流；电学 adj.用电的；用电的； 带电的带电的 adj.与电有关的；电学的与电有关的；电学的15 vt.使惊吓；吓唬使惊吓；吓唬 adj.受惊的；受惊的； 受恐吓的受恐吓的 adj.令人恐惧的令人恐惧的16 n祝贺；祝贺；(复数复数)贺词贺词 vt

3、.祝贺祝贺electricityelectricelectricalfrightenfrightenedfrighteningcongratulationcongratulate.重点短语必背重点短语必背1 立刻；马上立刻；马上2 以为以为没什么了不起没什么了不起3 结束；终结结束；终结4 严重受损；破败不堪严重受损；破败不堪5 掘出；发现掘出；发现right awaythink little/nothing ofat an endin ruinsdig out6 许多；大量的许多；大量的7 以以而自豪而自豪8 从从判断判断9 陷入陷入10 埋头于埋头于a (great) numberofbe

4、 proud ofjudgefrombe trapped inbe buried in.经典句型必会经典句型必会1In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.在农家大院里的鸡，甚至连猪都紧张得不想吃食。在农家大院里的鸡，甚至连猪都紧张得不想吃食。解读：解读：too .to 意为意为“太太而不能而不能”，表示否定意义。，表示否定意义。仿写：他太小了不能理解这么难的问题。仿写：他太小了不能理解这么难的问题。He is _ so difficult a problem.答案：答案：too young

5、 to understand2It seemed as if the world was at an end!好像世界末日到了。好像世界末日到了。解读：解读：It seems as if . “看起来好像看起来好像”。仿写：他不太高兴，他好像要我们离开。仿写：他不太高兴，他好像要我们离开。He was unhappy ；_ he wanted us to leave.答案：答案：it seemed as if3Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.人们无论朝哪里看，那里的一切都几乎被毁了。人们无论朝哪里看，那里的一切都几乎

6、被毁了。解读：解读：everywhere相当于相当于wherever或或no matter where，引，引导让步状语从句。导让步状语从句。仿写：无论他走到哪里，他都受到欢迎。仿写：无论他走到哪里，他都受到欢迎。_， he received a warm welcome.答案：答案：Everywhere he went4All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。不是所有的希望都破灭了。解读：解读：本句是部分否定。本句是部分否定。仿写：这些电视节目并非全都受人们的欢迎。仿写：这些电视节目并非全都受人们的欢迎。_ these TV programs _ popular

7、with people.答案：答案：All; are not1burst vi. (burst, burst)爆裂；爆发爆裂；爆发 n 突然破突然破 裂；爆发裂；爆发教材教材P26P26原句原句In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。My English teachers humor was such as to make every student burst into laughter.我的英语老师的幽默就是如此我的英语老师的幽默就是

8、如此(好笑好笑)，以致于每一个同学，以致于每一个同学都会哈哈大笑起来。都会哈哈大笑起来。Scarcely had she heard the news about the death of Jobs when she .她一听到乔布斯死亡的消息，就失声痛哭起来。她一听到乔布斯死亡的消息，就失声痛哭起来。He without knocking at the door.他没敲门就闯进房间。他没敲门就闯进房间。burst out crying/into tearsburst into the room2ruin nU毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；常用复数常用复数废墟；遗废墟；遗 迹迹vt.(使

9、使)毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产(1)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟成为废墟 come/go/fall to ruin 毁灭；灭亡；崩溃毁灭；灭亡；崩溃 bring .to ruin 使使毁灭；使毁灭；使没落；使没落；使破产破产(2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己；自取灭亡毁掉自己；自取灭亡 ruin ones health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康毁坏某人的健康/声誉声誉/前前途途教材教材P26P26原句原句In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的在可怕的15秒

10、内，一座大城市就成为一片废墟。秒内，一座大城市就成为一片废墟。The old farm has long been abandoned and come to ruin.这家农场很早就已废弃了，成了废墟。这家农场很早就已废弃了，成了废墟。With time going on, the castle which once was very beautiful is now completely .随着岁月的流逝，曾经非常漂亮的城堡现在是一片废墟。随着岁月的流逝，曾经非常漂亮的城堡现在是一片废墟。However, he experienced severe financial hardship w

11、hen his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early 1930s.(摘自摘自2011山东高考山东高考阅读理解阅读理解A)in ruins然而，在然而，在20世纪世纪30年代初经济大萧条时期，他的家庭生意年代初经济大萧条时期，他的家庭生意破产了，他遭受到严重的财务困难。破产了，他遭受到严重的财务困难。The bad weather had for the holiday.糟糕的天气毁掉了我度假的好心情。糟糕的天气毁掉了我度假的好心情。ruined all my pleasure3injure vt.损害；伤

12、害损害；伤害(1)injured adj. 受伤的受伤的 the injured 伤员伤员(2)injury n. 伤；伤口；伤害伤；伤口；伤害 do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb. 伤害某人伤害某人教材教材P26P26原句原句Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.他们中有他们中有2/3在地震中伤亡。在地震中伤亡。The young woman entered the pool where an injured dolphin (海豚海豚) was swimming.(摘自摘自

13、20112011湖北高考湖北高考完形填空完形填空)那位年轻妇女进入那个水池，一头受伤的海豚正在水池里游那位年轻妇女进入那个水池，一头受伤的海豚正在水池里游动。动。Brown in the traffic accident, so he was in hospital.布朗因为在交通事故中受了重伤，所以住院了。布朗因为在交通事故中受了重伤，所以住院了。 were sent to the hospital immediately.受伤者被立即送往医院。受伤者被立即送往医院。was seriously injuredThe injuredinjure, hurt, woundinjure伤害，一般用

14、于由于意外或事故而受伤，也伤害，一般用于由于意外或事故而受伤，也可指损害名誉，伤害感情等可指损害名誉，伤害感情等hurt是受伤的一般用词，既可以指肉体上的伤害，是受伤的一般用词，既可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害也可以指精神上的伤害wound通常是指武器的伤害，如刀、枪等的伤害，通常是指武器的伤害，如刀、枪等的伤害，尤其是指战场上的伤害尤其是指战场上的伤害形形象象记记忆忆以练促记以练促记What really me was that he ignored me on purpose.About 50 people were seriously in the attack.Two men

15、 were severely trying to save a 5yearold girl from the burning house.hurtwoundedinjured4bury vt.掩埋；埋葬；使专心；使沉浸；隐藏掩埋；埋葬；使专心；使沉浸；隐藏(1)be buried in bury oneself in埋头于；专心于埋头于；专心于 be buried in thought 沉思沉思(2)bury oneself in study 埋头研究；专心学习埋头研究；专心学习 bury ones face in ones hands 双手掩面双手掩面教材教材P26P26原句原句The ar

16、my organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.救援部队组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。救援部队组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。Ever since he moved there, he has been buried in his research work.自从搬到那里以后，他一直在专注于研究工作。自从搬到那里以后，他一直在专注于研究工作。 his study, he didnt know that all the others had left.他埋头学习，不知

17、道其他人都早已离开了。他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。Since his wife left, hes his work.自从妻子离开以来，他一直都埋头于工作。自从妻子离开以来，他一直都埋头于工作。Buried inburied himself in5judge v断定；判断；判决断定；判断；判决 n裁判员；法官；评判员裁判员；法官；评判员(1)judge .from/by . 从从来判断来判断 judge between right and wrong 判断是非判断是非 as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为据我判断；我认为(2)judging by/from 从

18、从上看；根据上看；根据判断判断教材教材P30P30原句原句Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.五个裁判听了你的演讲，他们都同意这是今年最好的演讲。五个裁判听了你的演讲，他们都同意这是今年最好的演讲。Dont judge a man by his looks.不要以貌取人。不要以貌取人。 , it is more likely that you will get the job.据我判断，你更有可能获得那个工作。据我判断，你更有

19、可能获得那个工作。As far as I can judge关键一点关键一点judging from/by表示表示“从从来看；根据来看；根据来来判断判断”，用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时，用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语而不采用过去分词的形式。态影响，只用现在分词作状语而不采用过去分词的形式。 her last letter, they are having a wonderful time.从她上封信来看，他们过得非常愉快。从她上封信来看，他们过得非常愉快。Judging by/from.语境填空语境填空1_ from what he sa

20、id, he must be an honest man.On the contrary, he often steals things, so the _ pointed out that we shouldnt _ a man by his looks.(judge)答案：答案：Judging; judge; judge2He couldnt _ himself clearly in English, but I could tell from his _ that he was angry.(express)答案：答案：express; expression3On seeing the

21、_ scene, the little girl was so _ that she burst out crying.(frighten)答案：答案：frightening; frightened.用动词用动词burst的相关短语完成下列句子的相关短语完成下列句子1看到儿子那可笑的样子，妈妈突然大笑起来。看到儿子那可笑的样子，妈妈突然大笑起来。Seeing her sons funny look, the mother _.答案：答案：burst out laughing/burst into laughter2一家人正在房间里看电视，这时几个陌生人突然破门一家人正在房间里看电视，这时几个陌

22、生人突然破门而入。而入。The family were watching TV in the room _.答案：答案：when several strangers burst in.单项填空单项填空1_ in the interesting TV program, I didnt hear the doorbell ringing.AHaving buriedBBuryingCBuried DTo be buried解析：解析：句意：由于专注于有趣的电视节目，我没有听到句意：由于专注于有趣的电视节目，我没有听到门铃在响。门铃在响。be buried in “埋头于；专注于埋头于；专注于”。答

23、案：答案：C2In that big earthquake all their houses were _， so they had to build new ones.Ahurt BharmedCinjured Ddestroyed解析：解析：句意：在那次大地震中所有房屋都被毁坏了，因此句意：在那次大地震中所有房屋都被毁坏了，因此他们只好再建新的。他们只好再建新的。hurt一般指一般指“精神或肉体伤害精神或肉体伤害”； harm常指常指“对对有害有害”； injure指指“(在事故中在事故中)受伤受伤”； destroy指指“破坏；毁坏破坏；毁坏”。故选。故选D。答案：答案：D3I have

24、nt read all of his books before, but _ from the one I have read, I think hes a very promising writer.Ajudged BjudgingCdetermining Ddetermined解析：解析：考查动词用法和词义辨析。考查动词用法和词义辨析。judging from .是固是固定短语，常在句中作状语。不管它与主语是主动还是定短语，常在句中作状语。不管它与主语是主动还是被动关系，都要用现在分词形式。被动关系，都要用现在分词形式。答案：答案：B4On seeing Jay Chou appear o

25、n the stage, the audience _ cheering.Aburst in Bburst intoCburst on Dburst out解析：解析：考查与考查与burst 相关的短语搭配。其中相关的短语搭配。其中burst outdoing相当于相当于 burst inton.，因此选，因此选D。句意：一看到周。句意：一看到周杰伦出现在舞台上，观众爆发出欢呼声。杰伦出现在舞台上，观众爆发出欢呼声。答案：答案：D5You will _ your chances of getting a pay rise if you dont work harder than others.

26、Ainjure BwoundCharm Druin解析：解析：考查动词辨析。考查动词辨析。ruin可用于引申含义，意为可用于引申含义，意为“毁坏毁坏”，此时其宾语通常是此时其宾语通常是health, fame, chance等。等。injure侧重身侧重身体上的伤害；体上的伤害； wound 侧重战场上的刀伤、枪伤等；侧重战场上的刀伤、枪伤等；harm 指指“对对有害有害”。所以选。所以选D。答案：答案：D1think little/nothing of以为以为没什么了不起；对没什么了不起；对满不在乎；轻视；忽视满不在乎；轻视；忽视教材教材P26P26原句原句But the one milli

27、on people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.但唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没把这些情况当回事儿，但唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没把这些情况当回事儿，当天晚上照常上床睡觉了。当天晚上照常上床睡觉了。I gave him some advice, but he thought little of it.我给他提了几条建议，但他根本不理会。我给他提了几条建议，但他根本不理会。think much/highly/well of 重视；看重；重视；看重； 对对高度评价高度评价

28、be well/highly thought of 被被高度评价高度评价Mr.Zhang thinks much of his work, but .张先生重视工作，轻视金钱。张先生重视工作，轻视金钱。As a young leader, he .作为一位年轻的领导，他受到高度评价。作为一位年轻的领导，他受到高度评价。thinks little of moneyis well thought of2at an end结束；终结结束；终结My holiday is at an end and I must go back to work tomorrow.我的假期结束了，明天我得回去工作了。我的

29、假期结束了，明天我得回去工作了。(1)at the end of 在在尽头；在尽头；在末端末端(指时指时 间或空间的一个终点间或空间的一个终点) by the end of 到到结束时；到结束时；到时候为止时候为止 (常与完成时态连用常与完成时态连用) in the end 最后；终于最后；终于(2)come to an end 结束结束 put/bring sth.to an end 结束结束 make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出使收支相抵；量入为出They didnt know how to .他们不知道如何结束这场争吵。他们不知道如何结束这场争吵。His li

30、fe returned to normal after the war came to an end.战争结束后他的生活恢复了正常。战争结束后他的生活恢复了正常。If Gary does not find a cheaper apartment soon, he wont be able to .如果如果Gary不快点找间更便宜公寓的话，他就无法使收支平衡不快点找间更便宜公寓的话，他就无法使收支平衡了。了。put an end to the quarrelmake both ends meet3a (great) number of许多；大量的许多；大量的教材教材P27P27原句原句Such

31、a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.那么多的人丧生是因为地震发生在人们睡觉的时候。那么多的人丧生是因为地震发生在人们睡觉的时候。I have been deeply impressed by a number of experiences in her life.(摘自摘自2010陕西高考陕西高考单词拼写单词拼写)她丰富的人生经历给我留下了深刻印象。她丰富的人生经历给我留下了深刻印象。Now college graduates are seeking to get a

32、 highpaid job. But posts available for them is often not enough.a (great) number ofthe number of如今很多大学毕业生努力想找一份待遇好的工作，但适合如今很多大学毕业生努力想找一份待遇好的工作，但适合他们的岗位的数量却经常不足。他们的岗位的数量却经常不足。There are waiting to be discovered.众多有才华的人有待于被发现。众多有才华的人有待于被发现。The poor girl from small village was deeply impressed by the la

33、rge quantities of food in the big city.大城市里大量丰富的食品给这个来自小山村的穷苦的小女大城市里大量丰富的食品给这个来自小山村的穷苦的小女孩留下了深刻的印象。孩留下了深刻的印象。a great many talented people.选词填空选词填空1He didnt know how to come back home because his money was _.答案：答案： at an end2The building will fall down; wed better leave it _.答案：答案：right away3As _ tre

34、es are being cut down, many forests have been destroyed.答案：答案：a large number of4Look! What are they _ in the field?Maybe for treasure. Who knows.答案：答案：digging out5Dont _ some changes in nature before the earthquake.答案：答案：think little of.单项填空单项填空1How can we live on 100 yuan a month?Dont worry. Im sur

35、e things will turn out all right _.Ain the end Bby the endCat an end Dat the end解析：解析：句意：句意：“每月一百元我们怎么生活？每月一百元我们怎么生活？”“别担心。我相别担心。我相信事情最终会圆满解决。信事情最终会圆满解决。” in the end “最后；最终最后；最终”； by the end “到到末末”； at an end “终结终结”； at the end (of) “在在的最后的最后”。答案：答案：A2A number of people _ learning English nowadays.Y

36、es. The number of people who are learning English _ increasing.Ais; is Bare; areCare; is Dis; are解析：解析：a number of “许多许多”，修饰可数名词复数，作主语，修饰可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式；时谓语动词用复数形式； the number of .“的数目的数目”，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。答案：答案：C3His film is sure to win the award because it _by most people.Athinks w

37、ell of Bis thought wellCis thinking well of Dis well thought of解析：解析：句意：他的这部电影肯定会获奖，因为大部分人对句意：他的这部电影肯定会获奖，因为大部分人对它评价很高。从句意看它评价很高。从句意看it 与与think well of是被动关系，故用是被动关系，故用被动语态；被动语态； think well of “对对评价高评价高”。答案：答案：D4Hes going to relax with friends once the exams are _ and he has exciting plans for the su

38、mmer holidays.Aat the end Bby the endCin the end Dat an end解析：解析：句意：考试一旦结束，他将与朋友一起放松休息，句意：考试一旦结束，他将与朋友一起放松休息，暑假他们已有令人兴奋的计划。暑假他们已有令人兴奋的计划。at an end “结束结束”，符合，符合句意。句意。答案：答案：D1It_seemed_as_if the world was at an end!好像是世界末日到了！好像是世界末日到了！It seemed (to sb.) that/as if . “(对某人来说对某人来说)似乎似乎”，as if 后边可用虚拟语气。后

39、边可用虚拟语气。(1) 如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的情况时，句子要用陈述语气。生的情况时，句子要用陈述语气。Hurry up! It looks as if it is going to rain.快点！看起来好像要下雨了。快点！看起来好像要下雨了。(2) 当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少可能发生或存在当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气。的情况时，从句用虚拟语气。When a pencil is partly put into a glass of water, it looks as

40、if it broken.当把铅笔的一部分放进水里时，它看上去好像断了。当把铅笔的一部分放进水里时，它看上去好像断了。wereJack wasnt saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as if he had done something very clever.(摘自摘自2011湖南湖南高考高考单项填空单项填空)杰克没说什么，但是老师向他微笑，好像他之前做的是明杰克没说什么，但是老师向他微笑，好像他之前做的是明智之举似的。智之举似的。关键一点关键一点如果如果as if引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，

41、且含有同，且含有be动词，可省略主语和动词，可省略主语和be动词，这样动词，这样as if 后就后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语短语)、介词短语或分词。、介词短语或分词。The old man was lying on the ground as if .老人躺在地上，好像伤得很厉害。老人躺在地上，好像伤得很厉害。He opened his mouth as if something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。他张开嘴好像要说什么。(he was) hurt badlyto say2All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。不是所有的希望都破

42、灭了。该句是表示部分否定的句型。该句是表示部分否定的句型。all .not . not all .，意，意为为“并非所有的并非所有的都都”。All the students did not go to the movie. Not all the students went to the movie.并非所有的学生都去看电影了。并非所有的学生都去看电影了。(1) 英语中的英语中的all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, completely, always, whole, entirely 等具有总括意义的代等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词

43、与否定词词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，无论连用，无论not位置如何，位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示均构成部分否定，表示“并非都并非都”的意思。的意思。Every boy is not interested in sports. is interested in sports.并非所有的男孩都喜欢运动。并非所有的男孩都喜欢运动。Not every boy the two math problems are not very difficult. the two math problems are very difficult. 这两道数学题并非都很难。这两道数学题并非都很难。(2) 英语中

44、的英语中的no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere, no more, no longer, no way 等表否定意义等表否定意义的词的词(组组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定全部否定”。Both ofNot both ofI knew that nothing would ever discourage him; he would never give up wanting to be a director.(摘自摘自20112011湖南高湖南高考考单项填空单项填空)我知道没有什么能够阻

45、碍他，他将永远不会放弃成为一名我知道没有什么能够阻碍他，他将永远不会放弃成为一名导演的想法。导演的想法。.用用as if完成下列句子完成下列句子1I couldnt move my legs _(就好像是被粘在地板上似的就好像是被粘在地板上似的)答案：答案：as if they had been stuck to the floor2She is a happygolucky girl _ (似乎无忧无虑似乎无忧无虑)答案：答案：as if she has no worries and cares in the world.单项填空单项填空1He had lost his temper and

46、 his health in the war and never found _ of them again.Aneither BeitherCeach Dall解析：解析：句意：战争中他发脾气且损害了健康；但现在两样句意：战争中他发脾气且损害了健康；但现在两样都没有了。根据题干中的都没有了。根据题干中的temper和和health，可知设空处指的，可知设空处指的是两者，故排除是两者，故排除D项；项； each指两者或两者以上的每个，不指两者或两者以上的每个，不合句意；题干中出现了合句意；题干中出现了never，故排除表否定的，故排除表否定的neither; never与与either连用，表

47、示全部否定，故为正确答案。连用，表示全部否定，故为正确答案。答案：答案：B2Which of the two computer games did you prefer?Actually I didnt like _.Aboth of them Beither of themCnone of them Dneither of them解析：解析：本题考查部分否定与全部否定。本题考查部分否定与全部否定。“I didnt like either of them.”相当于相当于“ I liked neither of them.”，是完全否定，是完全否定，意为意为“我哪一个也不喜欢我哪一个也不喜欢”。答案：答案：B3Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it _ yesterday.Awas happening BhappensChas happened Dhappened解析：解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：考查虚拟语气。句意： Eliza准确记得所有事情，就准确记得所有事情，就像