《普地》课程专业词汇统计

1、abrasion o brei3an磨蚀borate硼酸盐abration磨蚀作用breccia角砾岩abyssal fan深海扇braided辫状的aeration zone饱气带braided stream辨状河agitation扰动brook小溪algae藻类calcite方解石alluvial冲积的capacity容量alluvial fan冲积扇carbonate碳酸盐（岩）aluminum铝cementation胶结作用amphibolite（角）闪岩cenozoic新生界（的）ample伟晶的channel flow有固定水道流体andesite安山岩chemical weath

2、ering化学风化作用antecedent stream先成河chert燧石，硅质岩anthracite无烟煤chondrite球粒陨石chromiumanticline背斜circumference周长apatite磷灰石cirque冰斗archean太古代cleavage解理arenite砂屑砂岩cliff悬崖，海蚀崖coal煤arete刃脊cobalt钻arkose长石砂岩coesite柯（高温）石英arrangement安排coke焦炭aseismic ridge无震海岭collapses倒塌，混杂assimilation同化作用competence强度，能力asthenosphere

3、软流圈composition组成atomic原子的conglomerate砾岩attitude产状continent人陆augite（普通）辉石continental rise陆隆axial plane轴面continental shelf陆架bar障碍物、滩continental shields地盾barchan星月形沙丘continental slope陆坡barite (baryte )重晶石continetal margin大陆边缘basalt玄武岩converge汇聚batholith基岩copper铜beach drift海滩漂移coral珊瑚coriolis effect科里奥力

4、效应berm示滨阶地correlation相关，对比beryl绿柱石corundum刚玉bioligical weathering生物风化covalent共价的bituminous沥青质的creek小溪，小河blow out喷出crest浪尖（峰）cmst地壳eustatic海而升降的cryptozoic隐生宙evaporite蒸发岩crystal晶体fault断层ciystal growth/dissolution晶体生长/溶解fault block断块deck（岩）盖，盖层faunal动物的deep sea ooze深海软泥fertilizer肥料differential weatheri

5、ng差异风化fim粒雪，万年雪deflation（风）吹蚀作用fissure裂缝deformation变形flint燧石，火石delta三角洲flood-plain deposit洪积沉积deposits沉积物floral植物的diagenesis成岩作用flour粉diatom硅藻flow stone泥石流dike岩墙fluoride氟化物diorite闪长岩fluorite萤石dip倾角focus震源，焦点discharge释放，排泄量fold褶皱disconformity平行不整合foliated片（叶）理化的discontinuity不连续foraminifera有孔虫（类）diver

6、ge分离，分叉formation（岩）组doldrums赤道无风带fossil化石dolomite白云石fossil fuel化石燃料dolostone口云岩fractional crystallizaton分界结品作用dome穹隆，岩穹fringing reef边缘礁，裙礁drainage basin流域frost wedging冰劈作用drainage divide分水岭（界）gabbro辉长岩drumlin鼓丘garnet石榴子石dune（风成）沙丘gemstone宝石dynamo直流发电机geodes晶洞earthquake地震（学）geomagnetic地磁（场）的eclogite榴

7、辉岩geothermal gradient地热梯度electron电了glacicer cirque冰斗element元素glacier冰川emerald祖母绿，绿宝石glacier erratic冰川漂砾eolian风成的glaucophane篮闪石eon宙gneiss片麻岩eonothem宇gondwanaland冈瓦纳（古陆）epicenter震屮graben地堑epoch世granite花岗岩era代granulite麻粒岩erathem界gravel stone砾岩esker蛇丘gravimeter重力仪（计）gravity anomaly重力界常levee大然堤graywarke杂

8、砂岩，硬砂岩guyots平顶海山/盖奥特limb翼部gypsum石膏limestone（石）灰岩hadean冥古宙liquefaction液化作用hardness硬度lithification成岩（石化）作用hinge枢纽（褶皴）lithosphere岩石圈homogeneous均质的，同类的lizard蜥蜴load负载horn角峰loess黄土hornblende角闪石longitudinal经度的hornfels角岩loop循环，环流horst地垒lopoliths岩盆hydraulic action水动力作用low-velocity zone低速带hydrologic cycle水圈lu

9、nar月球的，月的hydrolysis水解作用luster光泽hypothesis假说，假设magma岩浆igneous火成的，火山的magnesium镁intensity强度magnetometer地磁计interspersed散布的，点缀的magnitude幅度，震intrusive侵入的mantle地幔ionic离了的mantle plumes地幔柱（羽）ionosphere电离层marble大理岩iron铁marine海洋（的）isotasy等值的mars火星isotope同位素matrix基质jade玉meander曲流joint结合点meander cutoff截湾取肓joint节

10、理meander scar曲流痕jovian planets木外行星mechanical exfoliation机械剥落jungle热带丛林mechanical weathering机械风化作用jupiter木星mercury水银，汞karst喀斯特，岩溶mesosphere中间层labradorite拉长石，拉玄武岩mesozoic中生代的laccolith岩盖metallic金属的lagoon泻湖metamorphic index mineral变质指示矿物landslide滑坡metamorphism变质作用lapillus (lapilli)火山砾meteor流星，人气现象latitu

11、de纬度mid-ocean ridge洋中脊lattice晶格molybdenumlava熔岩moraine冰磧lead铅motion运动nebular星云（状）的，photosynthesizing plant光合作用的植物neptune海王星phyllite千枚岩neutron中子piracy（河流）袭夺nicklepitchblende沥青铀矿nitrate硝酸盐plaeo-magnetism古地磁nitrogen氮plaeoontology古生物芳nonconformity非整合plagioclase feldspar斜长石nonrenewable不可再生的plate tectonic

12、板块构造的notch海蚀凹槽，凹口plate tectonics板块构造obsidian黒曜岩plateaus高原ocean basin洋盆platinumoffshore外海，海岸之外plunge侵入，插入olivine橄榄石pluto冥王星oolitic limestone鲂粒灰岩pluton侵入体，深成岩体ooze软泥，海泥polar极地的，两极的ore矿石polar easterly极地东风带orogenic belt造山带polish抛光orthoclase正长石porosity孔隙度，多孔性overturn倒转的potassium钾oxbow lake牛轨湖precipitatio

13、n沉淀，沉积oxidation氧化作用prograde推进，延伸oyster牡蛎proterozoic元古代（界）的ozone臭氧层proton质子paleozoic古生代的pumice浮岩（石）pangaea超级古陆/潘吉亚pyroclastics火成碎届沉积panthalassa泛古人洋pyroxene辉石parabolic抛物线的quartz石英parameter参数，指标radioactive放射性parent material母岩物质rebound回弹（跳）pavement覆盖物recrystallization重结晶作用peat泥炭煤recumbent平卧的pedestal风蚀磨菇

14、（颈）reflection反射perched滞,停歇的refraction折射perdiotite橄榄岩regolith风化层（壳）permeabillity渗透率remanent magnetism剩磁peroid纪residual残留的，残积的peroxide过氧化物reverse fault逆向断层petrified wood硅化木rhyolitic tuffs流纹质凝灰岩petroleum石油rill小河，小溪,小流phaneritic显晶质的ripple波痕，波纹phanerozoic显生宙的roche moutonnee羊背石phosphorus磷rock pedestal风蚀磨菇

15、root-wedging根劈作用stream channel河道roughness粗糙度stream-bed河床saltation跃移，河底滚沙stress应力saltation突变striation条痕，条纹sandblasting喷砂strike走向sapphire蓝宝石strike-slip fault走滑断层saturn土星subaqueous水下的schist片岩subduction俯冲scratch擦痕sulfate硫酸盐sea-floor spreading海底扩张sulfide硫化物seismic地震的superposed stream回呑河，證牛:河seismology地震学

16、surf拍岸浪semi-weathering zone半风化带surf碎浪series序列sui-vival残积物shale页岩suspend悬挂，悬谷sheet erosion片状侵蚀symmetrical对称的sheet flow片流syncline向斜sheet wash片状冲刷system系，系统silica二氧化硅talc滑石silicate硅酸盐tephra火山碎屑sill岩床terminus终磧，终点siltstone粉砂岩terrace阶地，台地silver银tetrahedron四而体sinkhole落水洞thermalexpansionandskarn矽卡岩constric

17、tion热膨胀和压缩skeletal骨骼的thennosphere热层slate板岩thrust fault逆冲断层slurry泥，泥浆tidal flat潮坪，潮滩sphere球，球形的tide潮汐spinel尖晶石till冰渍spit沙嘴，海岬titanium钛sponge海绵tombolo连岛沙坝stack海蚀柱，石柱topaz黄玉，黄晶stalactite石钟乳topography地形学stalagmite石笋traction牵引stishovite超石英，冲击石英transpiration蒸腾作用straight直的trickle细流，涓流strain应变troposphere对流层stratification成层，层理trough槽，冰蚀槽stratigraphy地层tmneated spur削断山嘴stratosphere同温层tsunami地震海啸