初中英语辅音发音规律与应用;冠词分类与用法

1、英语学科初一讲义学习课题辅音与冠词学习目标辅音发音规律与应用；冠词分类与用法学习重难点辅音发音；冠词用法本节知识一、冠词分为 、和（不用冠词的情况）三种。不定冠词a（an）与数词one同源，是一个”的意思。a用于前，而an则用于前。I）不定冠词a、an的用法：1. 用于可数名词的单数形式前，表示 There is a tiger in the zoo.动物园里有一只老虎。A gen tlema n wants to see you.有一位先生要见你。2. 表示”每一 ”的意思We go swimmi ng four times a week.我们每周去游泳四次。用在某些表示数量的词组中：a l

2、ot of 许多 a couple of 一对a great many 彳艮多a dozen 打（但也可以用one dozen ） a great deal of 大量II）定冠词the的用法：巧计定冠词the用法歌诀：特指双方熟悉，上文已经提起。世上独一无二，方位名词乐器。 某些专有名词，还有复数姓氏。序数词最高级，习惯用语要牢记。1. 用以特指某（些）人或某（些）事物Open the door, please.请把门打开。I have a black pen. This is the pen.2. 表示宇宙中世界上独一无二的事物the sun 太阳 the moon 月亮 the eart

3、h 地球 the sky 天空 the world 世界3. 指由普通名词构成的专有名词the West Lake 西湖the Great Wall 长城the Un ited States 美国the Uni ted Natio ns联合国4. 表示演奏乐器时，乐器的前面要加theplay the pia no 弹钢琴 play the violi n拉小提琴*中国乐器名词前不与冠词连用:play erhu（二胡）5. 某些固定的表达法in the morni ng在早上in the evening 在晚上 go to the theatre 去看戏in the after noon在下午g

4、o to the cin ema 去看电影all the year round年至 U头III） 零冠词的用法:2on the way to 前往.去的路上1. 专有名词前一般不加冠词China 中国 Europe 欧洲 Lei Feng 雷锋2. 月份、星期、节日前一般不加冠词January 一月份Sunday 星期日Thanksgiving 感恩节 National Day 国庆节注：民族节日前要加 the如:the Spring Festival3. 三餐、四季前一般不加冠词I have lunch at school. 我在学校吃午餐。Summer is the best season

5、 for swimming. 夏天是游泳的好季节。 比较： I had a big lunch yesterday.昨天我吃了一顿丰盛的午餐。（表示某一个）比较： I will never forget the summer we spent in Hawaii.我永远不会忘记我们一起在夏威夷度过的那个夏天。（表示特指）4. 球类运动play basketball 打篮球5. by+ 交通工具by bus 乘公交车6. 固定词组William Shakespeare 威廉莎士比亚Christmas Day 圣诞节 May Day劳动节play volleyball 打排球go to schoo

6、l 去上学go to bed 上床睡觉go by train乘火车去go by boat 乘船去at table 在用餐in hospital住院at school 求学in school 求学in town 在城at noon 在中午at night 在晚上at midnight在半夜by bike 骑自行车课堂练习I. 选择正确的冠词1. I am (a, an) student.2. There is (a, an) elephant in the zoo.3. You are (a, an) good boy.4. I have (a, an) orange.5. Miss Grant

7、 is (a, an) ugly teacher.6. This is (a, an) new book.7. Please take (a, an) umbrella.8. Close (a, an, the) door, please.9. My father is (a, an) doctor.10. There is (a, an) orange on the table.11. He gives me (a, an) sticker.12. What is (a, an, the) biggest bird in the world?13. I have orange .orange

8、 is very sour. (a, an ,the)14. My father is (a, an, the) man.15. _ (A, An, The) moon is in the sky.16. There 's (a_, an, the ) apple on the table.17. _ (A, An, The) blackboard in our classroom is big.18. He likes to play (a, an, the)piano.19. Monday is (a, an, the )first day of the week.20. My f

9、avorite animal is (a, an ,the) cat.II. 在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划 / 。1. What ' s this? It' s clock.2. What ' s that? It '_s_ alarm clock.3. What is it? It's “w”.4. What color is your coat? It' s orange. It ' s orange coat.5. Jim ' s mother isM_ rs. Green. She is teacher.6

10、. Those pens are in pencil-case.7. Here ' s interesting family photo.8. When does Lily go to bed in evening?9. “ h_”_,_ “ oa”nd “ w” in the word“ how”.10. This is my English book.11. Where is bag? Itd'er s_u_n table.12. I often go to school at 7:00.13. Take cup to your mother.14. They like p

11、laying football.15. My favorite subject is P.E. .16. Do you havepingpong bat? Yes, I do.17. Do you want to see action movie? No, I want to play chess.18. When is his sister' s birthd_a_y_?_I_t A'psril eleventh.10辅音（28个）轻辅音/P/Z/k/V/ V/s/浊辅音/b/d/g/v/s/Z/轻辅音/h/ts/tf/tr/浊辅音/3/r/dz/d5/dr/鼻音/m/JnJ

12、/j/ w/边音/ 1/按照音标读单词：/p/pen panda ship/b/bikebye boat/t/teacher cat want/d/doordoctor read/k/key cake milk/g/glassegg/f/elephant fan laugh/v/lovevideo five/s/see face rice/z/zoo zero rose/ 0/ thi nkthree teeth/ S/ fathermother brother/ /En glishship sheep/ 3/visiontelevisi on pleasure/h/hate hill hel

13、lo/r/ricered/t / /eacher watch/d?/cagejam jump/tr/trousers train/dr/drinkdraw drago n/ts/cats seats gates/dz/ woods friends/m/milk mon key climb/n/nosenet knee/?/En glish mon key sing/l/lightlock ball/w/wood work what/j/yellowyou yard辅音1发曰规律辅音字母发音小口诀：辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。b 发b, c 发k, ci(y) ce 多发s;例词： blue

14、, table, crisp, class, picture, actor, pen cil, bicycle, nice，d 发d, f f, g 发g d ?, ?少见;例词： San dy, dog, red, fly, coffee, gree n, egg, oran ge, garageh h, j 发d?, k / l k l可分连;例词： her, here, his, jeep, Japa n, book, look, blue, Klan classm m, n n ?, p p q k r 发r;例词： meet, am, no, green, thank, Englis

15、h, pen, cap, quickly, Crisp,s最多s和z,趋唇? ?也常见;例词 sir, this, sit, is, his, who se, please, sure?, usually ?, pleasurex发音剪头端，ks多于gz面；例词： six, pencil-box, excuse, exercise; exam,（后接重读元音 ）t发t, v发v, w 辅音w来念；例词： teacher, it, very, voice, river, with, swim, wash, wh ich, white 最后一个字母 z,发好z音才算完。zoo, zero, siz

16、e, puzzle,常见辅音字母组合的发音口诀：字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。wh发音h和w, th常发0和e;ch/tch多发t?,有时发音?或k;sh ?, ph f, gh 不发或发f（词尾）;gedge 多发d?, ck 发k, kn n;ng 易发? ?g, qu 发音kw和k。wr发卷趋r,双写分节不分音。动词或复数词尾s /es,多发sz/ 和iz; ts ts dsdz例词：wh发音h和w,wh - which, white, what, where, whe n, whywhose, who, wholeth常发0和e;th. - this, that, the, they

17、, withtha nk, three, tooth, forth, eleve nthch/tch多发t?,有时发音?或k;（t）ch - chicken, chair, child, sandwich, catch, watch, chaseache, headache, chemistmachinem ?'?n.sh ?, ph f, gh 不发或发f（词尾）;sh - shoe, ship, sheep, fish, wash, ashph - photo, teleph one, phrasegh - right, light, daughter laugh, coughge

18、dge 多发d?, ck 发k, kn n;（d）ge - orange, page, bridge, fridge, porri dge（麦片粥，稀饭 ）ck - black, kick, lock, backkn - knife, know, knock, knee（膝盖）,kneel（跪下）,knit （编织）课堂练习读出下音标r?utu：f?：n?u'ru:l ?ru:m|baikb?:dh?vh?umraitn eiminkl ?km?pk?pk a:'verib?ig?：lhizhi?'s?rih?umm?t?|e i：z'sist?'m?:

19、 ni?/si:/gi:s/ki:p/bi:t/sez/ges/kept/bed/et/sed/beg/pek/?t/s?d/b?g/p?k/mai/laim/kait/gaid/me?/le?m/de?:/me?/keit/geit/it/mis/pi n/li?k/len d/pen/et/mes/si:k/pi:p/mi:t/di:d/se?</pe?l/:从B栏找出与A栏对应的单词或音标并连线。ABhurrybaikhurtkeiklook?hAricakelukbikeh?:tAB9 i?goatd?g pearg?ut thi ngfeis dogpe?face三 从下列四个

20、选项中选出所给单词的正确读音。()1.setA、setB、sitC、s?tD、s?t()2.courtA、kut B、k?ut C、k?:tD、sit()3.betterA、?bet 3B、?D?t?C、be?a:D、?Det?()4.duckA、d AkB、d?kC、dukD、du:k()5.ta nkA、s? kB、 ti?kC、te?kD、t?k ()6.mouseA、mausB、m?usC、mus D、m As()7.cryA、sraiB、kraiC、kri D、krei()8.whereA、wi?B、wi:C、 he?D、we?()9.deepA、di:pB、dipC、depD、d?

21、p四 根据音标，选择正确的单词。applefeetbearkeepheadwhitedeskelepha ntlampmouse/ be? / wait/ ?pl /ki:p / hed / ?elif? nt / maus / fi:t /desk / l?mp/课后作业阅读短文，选择正确答案，将其前面的字母标号填在题前的括号里。AKim went to a beautiful beach on Mon day with his frien ds. It was sunny and hot. So they hadgreat fun play ing in the water. I n th

22、e after noon, they went shopp ing. But the shops were crowded,they didn' t really enjoy it.The next day, it was rainy, so they went to a museum. It was bori ng. Kim found a small boy crying in the corner. The boy was lost. He helped the boy find his father. Kim was very happy. But he had no mone

23、y for a taxi. So he had to walk back to the hotel. That made him very tired.On Wednesday, the weather was very cool. So they played tennis. They played all morning. It was really fun.根据短文内容，判断句子的正误。正确的在题前的括号内填“T”错误的填“F。()1. On Mon day, Kim had fun going shopp ing.()2. It was very hot on Wedn esday.(

24、)3. They went to a museum on Tuesday.()4. Kim helped a boy find his father and went back to the hotel by taxi.()5. They played tennis on a cool day.BNew Library Rules1. From Mon day to Friday: ope n time:8:30-16:30.2. No talki ng3. No eati ng any food.4. No liste ning to music.5. No tak ing photos.6. No taking books out if you don' t ask