长难句突破PowerPoint 演示文稿

1、.1.2Goals:Goals:.31 Lets research1 Lets research.41. 1. 定位信息源定位信息源3. 3. 加工转换信息源加工转换信息源2. 2. 理解信息源理解信息源 长难句长难句阅读理解核心步骤：阅读理解核心步骤：理解信息源理解信息源(2018(2018全国全国1 1卷卷D) The teams D) The teams datadata only only went up went up to 2007, butto 2007, but the researchers the researchers also also exploredexplored

2、 what would happen if consumers what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV a tablet for word processing

3、and TV viewing.viewing.（40W40W） 长难句特点：长难句特点： 句子句子信息量大信息量大，结构复杂结构复杂，附加成附加成 分多分多（几种从句同时出现）常见（几种从句同时出现）常见插入、省略现象插入、省略现象.520182018全国全国卷卷话题话题体裁体裁词数词数 句子数句子数信息源为信息源为长难句长难句A A活动介绍活动介绍应用文应用文2662661414B B烹饪节目介绍烹饪节目介绍新闻报道新闻报道2592599 94 4C C语言消失语言消失说明文说明文29829812121 1D D新旧电子设备能新旧电子设备能耗耗说明性议说明性议论文论文34934915152

4、2.6( (1) 1)理解理解主旨要义主旨要义 (2)(2)理解文中理解文中具体信息具体信息 (3)(3)猜测猜测单词和短语的含义单词和短语的含义 (4)(4)做出判断和推理做出判断和推理 (5)(5)理解文章的基本结构理解文章的基本结构 (6)(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度理解作者的意图、观点和态度 阅读理解阅读理解考点分布考点分布 长难句普遍存在于高考阅读理解中，是语篇理解的关键，长难句普遍存在于高考阅读理解中，是语篇理解的关键，也是高考设题考查的重点，涉及到事实细节、词义猜测、推理也是高考设题考查的重点，涉及到事实细节、词义猜测、推理判断、主旨要义各类题型。这判断、主旨要义各类题型。这

5、符合符合高考英语课程标准高考英语课程标准阅读阅读理解的测试要求，突出考查考生语言能力、学习能力、思维品理解的测试要求，突出考查考生语言能力、学习能力、思维品质等核心素养。质等核心素养。.72.2.1 1 Lets learn Lets learn the formationthe formation.8Yang Songhao is working hard. Yang Songhao, is working hard to be admitted to Tsinghua University. Yang Songhao is working hard to be admitted to Ts

6、inghua University, which is famous for its beautiful campus and academic atmosphere. With his dream in mind, Yang Songhao is working hard to be admitted to Tsinghua University, which is famous for its beautiful campus and academic atmosphere.( (介词短语）介词短语）( (从句从句) )( (非谓语非谓语) )简单句简单句.9 With his dream

7、 in mind, Yang Songhao is working hard to be admitted to Tsinghua University, which is famous for its beautiful campus and academic atmosphere, and he believes that he can achieve his dream with his efforts and determination. With his dream in mind, Yang Songhao , an 18-year-old boy in Class 1610, i

8、s working hard to be admitted to Tsinghua University, which is famous for its beautiful campus and academic atmosphere, and he believes that he can achieve his dream with his efforts and determination.( (并列结构并列结构) )( (同位语同位语) ).10长难句的构成长难句的构成主干部分：简单句主干部分：简单句非谓语非谓语从句从句介词短语介词短语同位语同位语（并列结构）（并列结构） A A a

9、nd/or /but/so and/or /but/so B; B; A, B, A, B, and/orand/or C C长难句长难句修饰语修饰语成分成分.11.122.2.2 2 Lets learn Lets learn the strategythe strategy.131. Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world that is far busier, nosier and more intimate(亲密的亲密的) than the one we can see and hear.(2017年全国二卷年全国二卷)

10、一划：划主干、一划：划主干、给主谓宾划给主谓宾划_牛刀小试：牛刀小试：2) (2018全国全国1卷卷D) To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life. .14With his dream in mind, Yang Song

11、hao is working hard to be admitted to Tsinghua University, which is famous for its beautiful campus and academic atmosphere, and he believes that he can achieve his dream with his efforts.一划：划主干、一划：划主干、给主谓宾划给主谓宾划_，圈并列圈并列Tip1Tip1：牛刀小试：牛刀小试：(2018全国全国1卷卷B) Good Morning Britains Susanna Reid is used to

12、grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget. 并列连词并列连词and, but, or, soand, but, or, so可连接几个并列的成分或句子，可连接几个并列的成分或句子，如如A and BA and B, , 这这时应先找时应先找B,B,再找再找A, A, 根据根据B B确定并列的成分

13、是单个的词、短语还是句子确定并列的成分是单个的词、短语还是句子。圈出并列句的连词，可将长句一分为二，大大简化长难句。圈出并列句的连词，可将长句一分为二，大大简化长难句。 .151. Two of the authors of the review made a study published in 2014 which showed a five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes. (2018全国全国1卷卷)牛刀小试：牛刀小试：2.

14、For many older people who lived in the country, driving was very important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out without having to rely on others. (2017全国全国2卷卷D)二括：括出修饰语：二括：括出修饰语： 给介短给介短, , 非谓和从句加非谓和从句加( )( )( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( .16I

15、n an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations, including UNESCO and National Geographic, have for many years been recording dying languages and the culture which they reflect. (2014年全国年全国1卷卷D) Many scholars are making efforts to _ promote global languages. rescue the

16、disappearing languages. search for languages communities. set up languages research organizations.) )( ( 三会意：三会意： 先主干，先主干，( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ) ) ) ).17(100所名校三所名校三B) My son Gus has food allergies to peanuts and tree nuts, and even the smallest amount of accidental ingestion(摄取）摄取） can touch off ana

17、phylaxis- a severe immune response that affects multiple systems and can throw the body into shock. What does the underlined phrase “touch off” probably mean? A. Describe B. Recover C. Affect D. Cause后修饰，后修饰，三会意：先主干，三会意：先主干，( ( ( ( Tip2Tip2：长难句中除介词短语、非谓语和从句这些修饰语之外，长难句中除介词短语、非谓语和从句这些修饰语之外，还常带有还常带有插入语

18、、如同位语或用破折号、冒号插入语、如同位语或用破折号、冒号等补充等补充信息或插入新话题。信息或插入新话题。.18 牛刀小试：牛刀小试：The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005- when the government started a soil-testing program which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers- and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. (2018全国

19、全国2卷卷) ( ( ( ( between 2005between 2005and 2011and 2011.19(100所名校二所名校二D Para1) In Britain, the charity Arrhythmia Alliance estimates that at least 500,000 people have atrial fibrillation (心房颤动心房颤动)， which causes an irregular heart rhythm and raises the risk of stroke, but have not yet been diagnosed

20、 because of no obvious symptoms. What can be inferred from paragraph 1? A. Many British people have potential risk of stroke. B. 500,000 British people sense irregular heart rhythm obviously. C. 500,000 British people have been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation. D. The charity makes a wrong judgmen

21、t about the number of stroke patients.层层分析得真意。层层分析得真意。三会意：先主干，后修饰，三会意：先主干，后修饰，thatthatwhichwhich( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( .203. Lets conclude3. Lets conclude长难句，看仔细长难句，看仔细, ,一划二括三会意。一划二括三会意。划主干，圈并列。划主干，圈并列。（一划圈）（一划圈）括修饰，不能少，括修饰，不能少，介短非谓和从句介短非谓和从句 （二括修饰）（二括修饰）先主干，后修饰。先主干，后修饰。层层分析得真意。层层分析得真意。（三会意）（三会意）高考阅读长难句分析

22、口诀高考阅读长难句分析口诀Tip1Tip1：Tip2Tip2：长难句中除介词短语、非谓语和长难句中除介词短语、非谓语和从句这些修饰语之外，还从句这些修饰语之外，还常带有常带有插入语、如同位语、或用破折号、插入语、如同位语、或用破折号、冒号冒号等补充信息或插入新话题。等补充信息或插入新话题。并列连词并列连词and, but, or, soand, but, or, so可连接几个并列的可连接几个并列的成分或句子，成分或句子，如如A and BA and B, , 这时应先找这时应先找B,B,再再找找A, A, 根据根据B B确定并列的是成分还是句子确定并列的是成分还是句子。圈出并列句的连词，可将

23、长句一分为二，圈出并列句的连词，可将长句一分为二，大大简化长难句。大大简化长难句。 .214. Lets practice4. Lets practice.22 1) Back in 1983, as two scientists reported, young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. (2017年全国二年全国二卷卷) What does a plant do when it is under attack? A. It

24、makes noise. B. It gets help from other plants. C. It stands quietly. D. It sends out certain chemicals. 一划线一划线 二括修饰二括修饰 三会意三会意.233) (2018全国全国1卷卷B) In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, whil

25、e preparing recipes for under 5 per family a day.25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A. He buys cooking materials for her.B. He prepares food for her kids.C. He assists her in cooking matters.D. He invites guest families for her. 一划线二括修饰三会意一划线二括修饰三会意.24 2) Thousands of children and teenagers face

26、 a rising sleeplessness crisis, with the number of admissions to hospital of young people with sleep disorders increasing sharply in six years, The Guardian reported. (100所名校二所名校二C) What is the report of The Guardian mainly about? A. Quality of childrens sleep B. Sleep-health relationships C. Childr

27、ens serious sleep problems D. Childrens admissions to hospital. 一划线二括修饰三会意一划线二括修饰三会意.25 4) (2018全国全国1卷卷B) Good Morning Britains Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious

28、 meals on a tight budget. 24.What do we know about Susanna Reid? A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests. B. She has started a new programme. C. She dislikes working early in the morning. D. She has had a tight budget for her family.27. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Keeping Fit by Eati

29、ng Smart B. Balancing Our Daily Diet C. Making Yourself a Perfect Chef D. Cooking Well for Less.265) (20185) (2018全国全国1 1卷卷D) To figure out how much power these devices D) To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester are using, Callie Babbi

30、tt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life -from when its costs for each product throughout its life -from when its minerals are mined to

31、 when we stop using the device. minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. 33.Why did Babbitt33.Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?s team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals. A. To reduce the cost of minerals. B. To test the life cycle of a product. B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.一划线二括修饰三会意一划线二括修饰三会意.2