船舶常用英语(一)汇总

1、一、 船舶类型常用英语full-container ship全集装箱船semi-container ship半集装箱船ship, vessel船，船舶multi-purpose container ship多用途集装箱船boat, craft艇general cargo ship/vessel/carrier杂货船sampan舢板, 小船bulk (cargo) carrier散货船manpowered boat人力船ore carrier矿砂船sailor; sailing boat帆船grain carrier运粮船motor sailor机帆船coal carrier; coaler运煤

2、船power-driven ship机动船lumber(timber) carrier运木船paddle steamer, paddle wheel vessel 明轮船cattle carrier运牲畜船screw ship; propeller vessel螺旋桨船multi-purpose ship多用途船airscrew ship; aerial propeller vessel 空气螺旋桨船liquid cargo ship液体货货船hovercraft; aircushion craft气垫船chemical tank化学品液货船hydrofoil水翼船liquid chemica

3、l tanker液体化学品船hydrojet propelled boat, water jet boat 喷水船liquefied gas carrier液化气体船steamship; steamer蒸汽机船liquefied petroleum gas tanker (lpg) 液化石油气运motor ship内燃机船输船diesel ship柴油机船liquefied natural gas tanker (lng) 液化天然气运输船electrically-propelled ship电力推进船tanker; oil tanker油轮steam turbine ship汽轮机船supe

4、r tanker超级油轮gas turbine ship燃气轮机船vlcc (very large crude carrier)(吨位在20 万至 30nuclear-power ship核动力船万吨之间的 ) 巨型油轮deck ship甲板船ulcc (ultra-large crude carrier)(吨位在30 万至 50flush deck ship平甲板船万吨之间的 ) 超巨型油船raised quarter-deck ship尾升高甲板船refrigerated ship; coldstorage ship 冷 藏 船well-deck ship半舱船roll-on/roll-o

5、ff ship (ro/ro ship)滚装船single side ship单舷长大舱口船ferry渡船three-island ship三岛式船passenger ferry旅客渡船double shell ship双壳船freight ferry货物渡船riveted ship铆接船fishing vessel(boat)渔轮welded ship焊接船trawler拖网渔轮transversely framed ship横骨架式船barge carrier; lighter aboard ship(lash) 载驳船longitudinally framed ship纵骨架式船barg

6、e; lighter驳船combined framed ship混合骨架式船deck barge甲板驳sea-going vessel海船well-deck barge半舱驳ocean-going vessel远洋船double shell barge双壳驳coaster沿海船single side barge单舷长大舱口驳channel ship海峡船oil barge油驳inland waterway vessel内河船container barge集装箱驳船civil ship; merchant ship民用船；商船ro/ro barge滚装驳船transport ship运输船liq

7、uefied gas barge液化气体驳pleasure yacht游艇hopper barge开底泥驳passenger ship客船split hopper barge对开泥驳coasting passenger and cargo ship 沿海客货船pusher; pushboat顶推船；推船passenger and auto-car carrier 旅客及汽车运输船working ship工程船tourist ship; passenger carrier旅游船tug; tugboat; towboat拖船cargo ship; freighter货船harbor tug港作拖船

8、cargo liner定期货船rescue tug救助拖轮tramp ship不定期货船salvage ship救捞船container ship集装箱船dredger挖泥船trailing suction dredge耙吸挖泥船cutter suction dredger绞吸挖泥船bucket wheel dredger斗轮挖泥船bucket dredger链斗挖泥船reclamation craft吹泥船grab dredger抓斗挖泥船dipper dredger铲斗挖泥船floating pitter; drive pitter打桩船floating crane; derrick bo

9、at起重船floating dock浮船坞cable layer; cable ship布缆船scientific surveying ship科学考察船research ship科学调查船oceanographic research vessel海洋调查船surveying ship测量船ice-breaker破冰船pontoon浮舟 ; 浮桥 ;趸船 , 浮码头high speed craft高速船passenger catamaran双体客船vehicle ferry catamaran双体车辆渡船winter load line(w)冬季载重线winter north atlantic

10、 load line(wna) 冬季北大西洋 载重线even keel （首尾）等吃水，平载extreme breadthfloatable length最大宽度可浸长度sheer at forward (after) perpendicular 首尾舷弧sheer lineaccommodationaccommodation deckaccommodation ladderaccommodation ladderaccommodationladder manropeafter bodyafter peak bulkheadafter peak tankair holeair pipeappe

11、ndage （船体水线下的）附体；附件vehicle-passenger ferry catamaran 双体车客渡船 pontoon catamaran双体趸船auxiliary machinery balanced rudderballastballast line船舶结构常用英语center line中心线，中线athwartships 横对船体（与船首尾线直交）ballast pumpballast pumping systemballast tank(water)舷弧线居住舱室起居舱室；旅客甲板舷梯platform 舷 梯 平 台 舷梯扶索后（部船）体艉尖舱舱壁艉尖舱空气孔空气管辅助

12、机械；辅机平衡舵压载（物）压载水管系压载水泵压载水系统压载舱（水）bevelbase lineamidships在船中部；在纵中线上designed waterline breadthdesigned waterline lengthdraftformer/aft draftdraft figuresintersection交点；交叉；横断面knucklelength between perpendicularlength overallload waterline lengthregister length (breadth; depth) 度)斜角；斜面基线在纵中线上设计水线宽设计水线长吃

13、水首 /尾吃水吃水尺度t叉；横断面折角线垂线间长总长满载水线长登记长度 （宽度、 深battenbatten-ceiling beambeam bracketbearding板条；压条（封仓用）（货舱内）护舱条，护板横梁梁肘板交合线，榫（艏柱或艉柱上）bending momentbilge舭部；舱底；bilge bracket弯矩（船底）污水沟舭肘板freeboard干舷rise of floor (dead; rise)舭高；船底loadlinebilge keel(chock, piece)bilge kneebilge linebilge mainbilge pipe (suction)

14、bilge pumpbilge strake(plate)bilge wellbittmark载重水线标记bollard系缆桩；系船柱；双系柱fresh water load line (f.)淡水载重线fresh water timber load line (l.f.) 淡水木材载重线 tropical fresh water load line (tf) 热带淡水载重线 tropical load line (t) 热带载重线 summer load line(s) 夏季载重线 summer freshwater load line(f) 夏季淡水载重线bolsterbonnetboom

15、杆；吊杆；桁；叉架boom crutch(support; rest)舭龙骨舭肘板舭水管系舭水总管舭吸水管舭水泵舭列板污水井系缆桩系船柱；双系柱枕垫烟囱帽；机罩吊杆；桁；叉架吊杆支架bossingbottom frame尾管突出部；轴包套船底横骨bottom longitudinal船底纵骨collar plate封板bottom plate船底板collision bulkhead船首舱壁；防撞舱壁bow船首，船头companion way(hatch)升降口bow fender艏护垫corrugated bulkhead槽形舱壁bow flare艏部外飘corrugation皱；槽形；波形

16、bow thruster首侧推器cross deck structure舱间甲板结构bracket肘板； （三角）拖架crossing strength member交叉强力构件breakwater挡浪板cruiser stern巡洋舰型船尾bridge桥；桥楼；驾驶台curtain plate幕板bulb angle圆头角材cut out开口；切bulbous bow球形船首，球鼻首davit吊艇架；吊艇柱bulb stern球形船尾deck甲板bulkhead舱壁deck beam甲板横梁bulkhead plating舱壁板deckhouse甲板室bulkhead stiffener舱壁

17、扶强材deck line甲板线bulwark舷墙deck longitudinal甲板纵骨bulwark plating舷墙板deck stringer(plate)甲板边板bulwark stay舷墙扶强材deep tank深舱bunker tank燃料舱derrick吊杆bushing衬套diaphragm隔板butt端接；残片double bottom双层底butt joint(seam)平接缝doubling plate双层焊合板butt riveting对接铆drain hole排水孔butt welding对接焊duct keel箱形龙骨butterfly clip蝴蝶夹dunna

18、ge垫舱（物料） ；衬垫bypass valve旁通阀dunnage wood垫木cable stopper止链器dynamic load动载荷camber翘曲end bracket端肘板camber of beam梁拱escape trunk)（船内）应急通道cant beam斜梁engine bed机座cant bracket斜角板engine casing机舱围壁cant frame斜肋骨escape scuttle（船内）应急出口cantilever悬臂梁escape vent脱险口capstan绞盘；绞缆机expansion joint伸缩接头cargo batten货舱护板expa

19、nsion trunk(tank) 油船)膨胀深井（油船）膨胀深井cargo block吊货滑车extension bracket延伸肘板cargo port装货舷梯，舷门face plate面板cat walk（油轮上的）天桥，步桥fender碰垫；护舷材center girder中底桁fender bar护舷条center strake中央内底板fair lead导缆器chafing plate防擦板flame screen防焰罩chafing ring防擦环flange折边chain lock(well)锚链舱flanged bracket折边肘板chain pipe锚链管flat ke

20、el平板龙骨chain stopper止链器floor肋板chock导缆器；垫木folding door折门clamp plate夹板，压板forecastle deck艏楼甲板cleat羊角；系绳铁栓；防滑条fore peak tank （船的）首舱；前尖舱coaming围板；舱口围板forward perpendicular首垂线cofferdam隔离舱foundation底座frameframe number肋骨肋骨跨数frame space肋距freeing port 甲板排水孔；放水孔gangway (gang ladder or gang board) 舷梯gasket垫圈，垫料(

21、集)密封垫general service pipe (g.s pump) 通用泵，总用泵girdergooseneck(parity iron) gratingground tackle gunwalegunwale angle gunwale bar gunwale railing gunwale tank gussetgutter桁材鹅颈头；吊杆弯头格子板；滑铁板锚泊索具舷缘；舷边舷边角钢舷边角材舷边栏杆舷侧水柜（甲板下）角板；扣板（甲板）水沟；槽沟gutter angle; waterway angle (舷侧)排水沟角钢gypsy handrail绞筒（锚机绞车上的）舷墙扶手hangi

22、ng rudder; hinged rudder吊舵；悬舵hatch; hatchway; hatch opening舱口hatch bar封舱压条hatch batten舱口边压条hatch beam (web)舱口大梁hatch booby活动舱口盖hatch coaming舱口板hatch cover舱口盖hatch end beam舱口端梁hatch moulding舱口椽材hatch side girder舱口纵桁hatch tarpaulin盖舱布hatch trunk舱口围阱hawse pipe锚链管hawser绳索；大缆heel踵材；横倾hinged cover(door)铰链

23、盖（门）hold货舱hold beam舱内梁hold frame舱内肋骨hold ladder舱内梯hold stanchion(pillar)舱内支柱hold stringer舱内纵桁hopper漏斗；开舱泥驳hopper tank底边舱hopper tank sloping plating底边舱斜板horizontal margin plate水平内底板horizontal girder水平桁horizontal stiffener 水平扶强材（防挠材）hull船壳，船体hull construction船体结构hull plating船壳板hull strength船体强度inner b

24、ottom内底inner bottom plating内底板insert plate嵌板；衬板jack千斤顶jack ladder绳梯jacob's ladder软梯；绳梯joggled joint折接；弯合joggling machine折曲机keel-4£ll 龙骨keelblock龙骨墩keel line龙骨线；艏艉线keel plate龙骨板keel rail（救生艇）艇底把手keelson内龙骨kingpost起重柱；将军柱knee肘板；弯头knee of the deck甲板梁肘板lightening hole减轻孔lignum vitae铁梨木local str

25、ength局部强度local stress局部应力longitudinal纵骨；纵材；纵桁longitudinal bulkhead纵舱壁longitudinal bending纵向弯曲longitudinal framing system纵骨架式longitudinal strength纵向强度lug耳板main deck主甲板main frame主肋骨manhole人孔man hole door人孔盖man hole coaming人孔围板moment of inertia惯性矩margin plate内底边板molded breadth型宽molded depth型深mooring ho

26、le导缆孔mooring post系缆柱；岸柱mud box泥箱non-return valve止回阀non-watertight bulkhead非水密舱壁notch切口；槽口；刻痕oscillating load振动负荷parallel middle body平行中体panel stiffener板格扶强材panting arrangement防挠振结构panting beam防挠振梁panting stringer防挠振纵桁pillar支柱；墩pintle舵销plane bulkhead平面舱壁plane keel平板龙骨pump room泵舱helm(rudder) pintle舵销h

27、orizontal margin plate水平内底边板out bottom plating外底板platform平台plating壳板plimsoll mark载重线标志poop艉楼；船尾poop deck艉楼甲板port 舷门；舱门； （装货）口；窗；门；孔口；窗；门；孔porthole舷窗； （装货）舷门propeller; propellor推进器；螺旋桨propeller aperture螺旋桨空间propeller boss(bub)螺旋桨毂propeller shaft艉轴racking)（船体）横向挠度rail扶手；栏杆rolling横摇round of beam梁拱round

28、 stern圆（船）尾rudder舵rudder carrier舵托rudder casing舵杆管rudder pintle舵针；舵栓rudder plate; rudder blade舵叶；舵板rudder post舵柱rudder stock舵杆rudder trunk舵杆围壁；舵杆管rung （梯子）踏步；横档scallop扇形开孔scantling构件尺寸scantling of the structure结构尺寸scarf; scarph嵌接处；斜面；斜接scarf joint斜（嵌）接scarf weld（斜面）焊接scarfing bracket嵌接肘板scupper排水孔sc

29、upper pipe排水管scuttle舷窗；人孔（盖）；小舱口盖seam焊缝；接缝section剖面section modulus剖面模semi-balanced rudder半平衡舵shaft轴shaft bracketshaft tube; stern tube艉轴管轴架shedder plate泄板；斜板sheer舷弧；偏航sheer strake舷顶列板shell船壳；壳shell frame舷侧肋骨shell plating船壳板；外板shell strake; outside plating船体外板shelter deck遮蔽甲板shifting beam活动舱口梁shiftin

30、g board (or plank) 板止移板（散装谷类）；防动side girder旁桁材side longitudinal舷侧纵骨side plating舷侧外板side strake舷侧列板single bottom单层底skid护舷木；垫板skylight天窗slanting plate斜板slop tank污油水舱sloping plate斜板sloping plate longitudinal斜板纵骨slot槽；开缝sluice水密门；水闸sluice valve闸阀sniped end削斜端soft toe软趾solid floor实肋板sounding pipe测量管；测深管s

31、tabilizer减摇装置stabilizing tank减摇水舱staging构架；台架；脚手架stanchion支柱；栏杆柱static load静载荷stay支柱；撑条；支索stay bar(or rod)撑杆stay plate撑板stem艏；艏柱；艏材stem post艏柱stern船尾，艉部stern counter船尾突出体shaft tunnel(alley; passage; trunk) 轴隧；地轴弄stern shaft; propeller shaft艉轴stern poop艉楼stern post尾柱stiffenerstool防挠材；扶强材；加固物托架，座，凳str

32、ake列板tieplatetopside tanktopside tank sloping plating torsiontorsion strength transom sterntransversetransverse bulkheadtransverse frametransverse framing system transverse ring transverse strength tripping bracket tween decktween deck frametwisting distortion twisting moment tunneltunnel escapetunn

33、el shaft bearingullage pipe (port)ullage spaceupper deckupper (reverse) frameupper (lower) shelf plate upper (lower) stool ventilatorvertical ballast trunkvertical girder warping chocks wash bulkhead watertight bulkhead watertight deck可荡舱壁，挡水舱壁水密舱壁weather deckweb beamstrength calculation强度计算strength

34、 deck强力甲板stringer纵桁stringer plate甲板边板structural member构件structural strength结构强度strum box（舱底水）过滤箱strut撑材，支柱，轴架stuffing box填料箱superstructure上层建筑tail (end) shaft艉轴tarpaulin 防水油布，帆布，舱盖布thrust bearing(block)推力轴承thrust shaft collars推力环带板，牵板，连接板顶边舱；上边柜顶边舱斜板扭转扭转强度方形船尾横梁，横材横舱壁横肋骨，横框横骨架式横环横向强度防倾肘板中间甲板甲板间肋骨扭转变

35、形扭转力矩轴隧，隧道，风筒轴隧应急出口中间轴支撑轴承油位测定管（孔）空挡空间上甲板内底横骨上（下）支架板上（下）托架通风筒竖向压载通道竖桁滚轮导缆钳水密门露天甲板强横梁，桁板横梁web frame 加强肋骨，框架肋骨，桁板肋骨web plate腹板wedge楔木，楔子winch起货机winch-head绞车卷筒windlass起锚机wing tank翼舱，翼柜wire clip钢缆夹wire reel卷缆车，钢丝滚筒三、 船舶材料及工艺常用英语a. shipbuilding material(造船材料)t-bart 型钢z-barz 型钢1- bar工字钢channel bar 槽钢angle

36、 steel 角钢equal angle steel等边角钢unequal angle steel 不等边角钢offset bulb plate球扁钢flat plate 钢板round steel 圆钢half round steel 半圆钢steel pipe 钢管alloy steel 合金钢special steel 特种钢tempering steel 回火钢材low carbon steel低碳钢high tensile steel高强度钢copper 紫铜brass 黄铜aluminum alloy 铝合金stainless steel 不锈钢mechanical propert

37、y 机械性能tensile test 拉伸试验bend test 弯曲试验impact test冲击试验torsion test扭转试验torsion strength 抗扭强度torsional deflection 扭转；扭转变形tensile strength 拉伸强度yield strength屈服强度yield point屈服点yield stress 屈服应力elastic limit 弹性极限ultimate strength 极限强度ultimate tensile stress 极限拉伸应力elasticity 弹性ductility延展性，可塑(锻)性flexibility

38、挠性，柔性，易弯性toughness韧性brittleness脆性friability 易碎性 hardness硬度rigidity刚性，稳定性heat treatment 热处理 quench 淬火normalising 正火annealing退火hardening硬化，淬火tempering回火casting铸件，铸造forging 锻件，锻造pickling酸洗ship timber 船用木材 lignumvitae 铁梨木 three-plywood 三夹板asbestos 石棉asbestos cloth 石棉布 asbestos board 石棉板 asbestos sheet 石

39、棉纸 asbestos cord 石棉绳 asbestos paint 石棉涂料 fiberglass 玻璃丝 plastics塑料resin树脂rubber 橡皮 painting 油漆 cladding 镀层，表面处理coating 涂层，敷料corrosion 腐蚀，侵蚀wastage 损耗，蚀耗wear and tear 蚀损，磨损fracture 裂纹fatigue fracture 疲劳裂纹 hairline fracture 发式裂纹 buckling 皱折 deformation 变形 deflection, deflexion 挠曲flexion 弯曲 lamellar te

40、aring 层间撕裂rust 铁锈 scale 锈皮 pitting 点蚀，锈斑 indent 凹痕，凹陷 groove 槽沟detachment 脱开，脱焊rupture 断裂，破裂cropping割掉renewal换新descale 除锈grind 磨平be veed out刨除alignment对准，校直snip 剪断，剪片taper 削斜，斜度b. shipbuilding workmanship （造船工艺）working drawing施工图end elevation后面图front elevation正面图side elevation侧面图plane平面图lines plan型线

41、图plan of waterlines 水线图general arrangement plan 总布置图construction plan 结构图damage plan损坏示意图shell expansion plan 外板展开图docking plan进坞图framing plan 船体构架图inboard pro 纵剖面图midship section plan 舯剖面图loaded waterline plane 满载水线图half breadth plan半宽水线图stowage plan 配载图laying off lofting放样mold loft floor 放样台mold l

42、oft 放样间template 样板mold loft batten, template batten 木样条evolute 展开线allowance 余量assembly 装配subassembly 分段装配subdivision length 分段长度shipbuilding tolerance 造船公差building berth船台building dock干坞slip dock 湿坞marine slipway, railway dry dock 船排marine slipway cradle船排支架building block, stocks枕木launch 下水launching

43、 ways下水滑道launching grade下水坡度launching cradle 下水架end launching纵向下水side way launching 横向下水hydraulic press水压机flanging machine 折边机plate bending machine 弯板机angle cutter 角钢切断机planing machine 刨边机shearing machine 剪床guillotine shear 龙门剪床oxy-acetylene welding氧-乙炔焊co2 gas welding二氧化碳气体焊arc welding 电弧焊unionmelt

44、 welding 埋弧自动焊fusion welding 熔焊fillet welding 角焊flat seam 对接缝butt joint welding 对接焊intermittent welding 间断焊；断续焊staggered intermittent welding 交错断续焊缝lap weld搭接焊slot weld槽焊；长孔焊plug weld塞焊；圆孔焊run of welding 焊道welding torch焊炬welding rod焊条flux 焊药filler metal; deposited metal 熔敷金属welding stress 焊接应力weldin

45、g procedure 焊接方法welding throat 焊喉cutting torch 割炬acetylene generator 乙炔发生器slag 熔渣undercut （焊接）咬边；根切hydraulic test水压试验pressure test压力试验flooding test灌水试验hose test冲水试验oil tight test油密试验purchase trial交船试验四、 船舶性能常用英语angle of vanishing stability 稳性消失角buoyancy 浮性buoyancy curve 浮力曲线capsizing lever, upsettin

46、g lever 倾覆力臂capsizing moment, upsetting moment 倾覆力矩center of buoyancy 浮心center of floatation 漂心center of gravity 重心curve of areas of waterplanes 水线面积曲线curve of section areas 横剖面面积曲线curve of volumes of displacement 排水量曲线dynamical stability （ curve ） 动稳性（曲线）entrance angle 进水角floodable length 可浸长度force

47、 of buoyancy, buoyant force 浮力free surface 自由液面heaving 垂荡heeling angle 横倾角heeling moment 横倾力矩hogging 中拱hogging condition 中拱状态hogging moment（stress） 中拱力矩（应力）hydrostatic curves 静水力曲线initial metacenter 初稳心initial stability初稳性insubmersibility抗沉性longitudinal inclination; list; heel 纵倾longitudinal stabili

48、ty 纵稳性panting（波浪对船体的）冲击period of rolling横摇周期pitching纵摇pounding波浪冲击maneuverability 操纵性margin line 限界线metacenter 稳心moment to change trim one centimeter 每厘米纵倾力矩permissible length 许可长度potential head势头pressure head压头restoring moment, righting moment 复原力矩restoring lever, righting lever 复原力臂rolling横摇saggin

49、g中垂sagging condition 中垂状态sagging moment（stress） 中垂力矩（应力）seaworthiness 适航性stability 稳性stability at large angles 大倾角稳性stability criterion numeral 稳性横准数static head 静压头（力）statical stability （curve） 静稳性（曲线）surging纵荡swaying横荡tons per centimeter of immersion 每厘米吃水吨数total head （pressure） 总压头（力）transverse inclination, trim 纵倾transverse （longitudinal） metacenter 横（纵）稳心transverse （longitudinal） stability 横（纵）稳性trim by the bow （stern）首（尾）倾turning quality （circle）回转性（圈）velocity head 速头weigh curve 重力曲线情况良好情况欠佳 情况