常考点清单一--时间状语从句

1、常考点清单一 时间状语从句1、 when.while 和 as1 when 既可引导一个持续动作， 也可引导一个短暂动作， 可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。如：when i lived there ， i used to go to the seashore on sundays我住在那里时，星期天常到海滨去。when the film ended ， the people went back 电影一结束，看电影的人便回去了。当 when 引导的时问状语从句为系表结构，而且其主语和主句的主语一致，其表语又是一个名词时，就可以用以 as 引导的省略句来代替 when 引导的从

2、句。如：as “ young man(=when he was a young man) ， he was fondof hunting 他年轻时， 喜欢打猎。2 while 引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。如：please don t talk so loud while others are working 别人在工作时，别高声谈话。while 1 was wondering at this ， our schoolmaster took hisplace 正当我对此不解时，我们 校长就座了。3 as 引导一个持续性动作，多用于主句和从句动作同时发生。如：he hu

3、rried home ， looking behind 。 as he went 他匆匆忙忙跑回家去，一边走一边回头望。john sings as he works.约翰一边工作，一边唱歌。4 when 还可用作并列连词， 其意义为 “在那时， 在这时” ， 相当于 and at this that time 。 常用于下歹u句式： somebody wasdoing something when ； somebody was about to do/ going to do/on the point of doing something when ； somebody had just do

4、nesomething when-o 如：we were having a meeting when someone broke in we were about to set off on our way ， when it suddenly beganto rain 此外， when 还表示原因， “既然” 。如：it was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walkthere in five minutes 既然你步行5 分钟能到那里，却坐出租车，真够愚蠢的。5 while 作为并列连词，意为“而，却” ，表示对比：

5、如：he hkes pop music while i a13a fond of folk music 。他喜欢流行音乐而我却喜欢民间音乐：6如果主句表示的是短暂动作而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时问内正在进行的动作时，when, while与as可互换使用。如：whenwhile as 1 was walking down the street i canle acrossan old、 friend of mine 当我沿大街行走时，我碰巧遇到了一个老朋友。2、 as soon as， immediately ， directly ， instantly ， themoment，

6、the minute ， the instant ， no sooner-than，hardly/scarcelywhen和 once(就 )这些从属连词弓i导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一就”。从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。如：once you remember it ， you 11 never forget it the moment i heard the voice i knew father was coming no sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left the boy b

7、urst into tears immediately he saw his mother 注意：no soonerthan；hardly/scarcely when这结构的时态搭配：no sooner与hardly/scarcely引导的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把 no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时， 应用倒装语序。如：i had hardly got home when it began to rain hardly had i got home when it began to rain 三、ti

8、ll , until 和 not - until1 肯定句：主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词，主句、从句都为肯定式，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止” 。如：he remained there until she arrived 他一直留到她来。you may stay here until the rain stops 你在这里可呆到雨停。2 否定句：主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始” 。如：he won t go to bed till until she returns 直到她回来他才睡。3 till 不可以置于句首，而until 可以。如：un

9、til you told me i had no idea ofit 直到你告诉我，我才知道这件事。4 . notuntil句型中的强调和倒装用法：it was not until you told me that i had any idea of it .（强调句型）not until you told me did i have any idea of it （not until 置于句首,主句要倒装）四、 before 和 since若表达“还未就；不到就；才；趁；还没来得及”时，需用连词before o 如：we had sailed four days and four night

10、s before we saw land 我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。we hadn t run a mile before he feh tired 我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。please write it down before you forget it 趁你现在没忘把它记下来。before i could get in a word he had measured me我还没来得及插话他就给我量好了尺寸。2 before 从句中谓语不用否定式。如：before they reached the station ， the train had gone他们（还没） 到火车站前，火车

11、已开走了。3 . it will be+段时间+before多久之后才。如：it will be half a year before i come back it won t be long before we meet again 4 since 从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词， 主句的谓语动词是延续性的或者是反复发生过的动作。 since 从句的时态若是一般过去时，相应地，主句中的时态是现在完成时或现在完成进行时。如：i have written home four times since i came here 自从我来到这儿，我往家写了四封信。she has been workin

12、g in this factory since she left school .自从她离开学校，她就在这个工厂工作，;5 .在“it is+段时19+since从句”句型中，时间的计算一律；从 since从句的动作 完成或状态结束时算起。如：;time, all the time等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“毒it is three years since the war broke out.战争爆发以来有三年了。it is three years since she was in our class.她离开我们班有三年了。jit is three years since he li

13、ved here . 他不在这儿住有三年了。it is three years since i（have）smoked a cigar（=since istopped smoking a cigar）.我不吸烟 有三年了。 如果译成 “我吸烟有三年了“ 。应为：it is three years since i began to smoke. 五,every time , each time： time, the first time , anytime all the time 等名词短语用来弓i导 时间状语从句，表示每当；每次；下次”等。如：every/ each time 1 was i

14、n trouble , he would come to help me outnext time you come , do remember to bring your son here . ： the ast time she saw james, he was lying in bed .the first time i climbed onto the wall , i felt nervous .you are welcome to come back any time you want to .常考点清单二地点状语从句和原因状语从句一、地点状语从句1 .引导地点状语从句的从属连词

15、where, wherever指具体地点时，从句可用于主句之前或之后；表示抽象条件的含义时，从句须放在主句之前。如：we should go where the party needs us most.我们应到党最需要我们的地方去。you are free to go wherever you like .你愿意去哪里就去哪里。where there is a will , there is a way. 有志者，事竞成。无火不生烟。（无风不起浪）2 .注意区分 where引导的定语从句与状语从句：you' d better make a mark where you have any

16、 questions .（状语从句 ）you' d better make a mark at the place where you have anyuestions.（定语从句） 二、原因状语从句1 .弓i导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because, as, since, nowthat, seeing that, consideringthat,每个连词的含义不尽相同。如：一 whv are you absent from the meeting?一 because i am i11.as it is raining , we shall not go to the parkno

17、w that/since everybody is here , let' s begin our meeting2 .其他表示原因的方式除了状语从句外，一些介词短语同样可以表示原因，这样的短语有： because of, thanks to, due to, owing to 等。一一区别一a®内涵语气能否回答能否强调一项且一一whybecause 因为主句前或后直接因果关 系强能能as由于主句前或后双方都知道 的原因弱不能不能since/now that既然主句前常考点清单二状语从句的紧缩现象一、时间状语从句中常见的紧缩形式don't sdeak until sp

18、oken to .有人对你说话时你再说。while in beijing . i paid a visit to the summer palace .在北京时，我参观颐和园。i drefer my milk a little sweetened whenever possible .可能的话，我喜欢牛奶甜点儿。as a young nlau . abraham lincoln was a storekeeper and apostmaster.亚伯拉罕林肯年轻时当过零售店店主和邮政所所长。he often makes mistakes when speaking english .说英语时他

19、常出错。二、条件状语从句中常见的紧缩形式come tomorrow if possible .可能的话就明天来吧。if so . you nmst go back and get it.如果这样的话，你必须回去把它拿来。i'11 buy a tv set if necessary.如有必要，我就买一台电视机。the girl never gave in unless wrong .这女孩不会屈服的，除非她错了。unless repaired, the machine is of no use.这台机器如不修便毫无用处。三、方式状语从句中常见的紧缩形式some flowers shut

20、up at night as if they did this insleep .有些花夜间收拢，好像为了睡眠一样。she stood at the gate as if(she was)waiting for someone她站在门口好像在等人。the wolnan teacher left the classroom silently as she was angry .这位女教师一言不发离开教室，好像生气the inspector looked round , as if(he was)in something 这位查员四处张望，好像在寻找什么。四、状语从句中的紧缩形式though co

21、ld , he still wore a shirt .天气虽然冷，但他仍然只穿一件衬衫。as he was blind . he couldn ' t see anything. beingcouldn't see anything . 他瞎了，什么东西也看不见。fill in the blanks with articles where necessary .在需要的地方填上冠词。2010 年模拟题1 （2010 济南高考模拟 ）never believe anything any other person has believed it use your own head

22、a that b unless c because d once2 （2010 浙江金华联考）, i have to put it away and focus my attention on study thisweeka however the novel is amusingb no matter amusing the story isc however amusing the story is d no matter how the story is amusing3 （2010 陕西宝鸡教学质检）at the bad news ， she was so sad i had to s

23、tay here keepingher .a that； companion b then； companies c that ； company d and； accompany4 （2010 陕西宝鸡教学质检）though it is 30 years we last met， i still remember thescene ,separated on a rainy daya before； where b before； which c since ； when d since ； where5 （2010 石家庄高中毕业班教学质检）a taxi driver saw a man

24、luckily escape from thebuilding just it went up in flames a unless b until c before d after6 （2010 河北唐山模拟） your taste is， you can be satisfied with this newly openedrestauranta however b wherever c whenever d whatever7 （2010 河北保定调研）一 where do you plan to work?-i ve made up my mind to go i m mosnteed

25、eda to the place b to whichc that d where8 （2010 河北保定调研）these examples show thatindividuals ，they are rich or poor ，should be responsible they are involved in law a if ； when b if ； as long as c whether； as long as d whether ； since9 （2010 潍坊质量监测 ） you ve experienced it ，you can t understand how i f

26、elt a once b because c unless d while10 （2010 安徽皖南八校联考）一 haven t seen lucy recently ； what s happened?一 0h it s more than two months she worked herea which b that c before d since11.（2010 江西师大附中、临川一中联考）一 what do you think i should wear for such a formalpress conference?一 dress you like a how b what

27、c whatever d however12 （2010 成都毕业班诊断性检测 ）i had no idea of the exact address of xinhua high school ,1 was outside its front gate a when b after c until d because13 （2010 海南加来高三月考）， his idea was ascepted by all the people at the meeting a strange as might it sound b as it might sound strangec as stran

28、ge it might sound d strange as it might sound14 （2010 河北唐山摸底） there is litte we can do to modify the weather we can at least know what kind of weather to expect a since b when c while d unless15 （2010 河北唐山摸底） he was so deep in thought he knocked into the tree withoutnoticing it a when b while c beca

29、use d that2008-2009 年模拟题1 .（2009 西安八校联考） when solving the problem a second time ， you d better be more carefulmade a mistakea in case b where c in which d that2 （2009 潍坊教学检测 ） many adults agree that teenagers shouldn atlolinve they have their parents permission a if b unless c in case d now that3 （2

30、009 龙岩毕业班质检测 ） janet spent money there were no tomorrow a even though b though c as though d if only4 （2009 合肥教学检测）several years had passed i finally realized the true value offriendship a when b that c before d until5 （2009 杭州教学检测 ）i could never watch any movie more than once ， good it is a whateve

31、r b however c whenever d whichever6 （2009 杭州教学检测 ）i 11 never forget such an attracrive city i spent many happy hours there with my classmates last summer holiday a that b where c in which d because7 （2009 宁波教学检测 ） i won t give you any help you tell me the truth it s beyond my ability a when b since

32、c if d even if8 （2009 南京调研 ）we need to think outside of box we are to come up with something really newa so that b as long as c once d if9 （2009 皖南八校联考）一 did you tell him that we ve put off the meeting?一 no he rushed out i could say anything a in case b after c before d unless10 （2009 成都毕业班诊断） it ma

33、tters little who does itit is done ， for you see ， we areshort of hands now a as long as b as far as c as early as d as soon as2010 年模拟题答案训练题组 。1. c考查状语从句。语意：不要因为他人相信什么事情，你就相信什么。动动你自己的脑子。此题考生容易 将其错误地理解成定语从句，但要注意any other per son hasbelieved “是完整的句子，不缺少成分。2. c 考查状语从句。 however amusing=no matter how am

34、using ，故排除 b 项。注意： however, no matter how 引 导让步状语从句时， 常把表语或状语提前构成倒装， 故 排除 a 、 d 两项。3. c 考查结果状语从句及固定搭配。语意：听到那个不好 的消息，她如此悲伤以至于 我不得不留下来陪她。此句采用了 so. . that结构，that引导结果状语从句；keep sb company 为固定表达，意思为”陪伴某人” 。4. d考查时间状语从句和定语从句。"it is/has been+一段时间+since从句”为固定句型，表示自从上次干某事到现在有多长时间了； scene 作先行词且定语从句中缺少地点状

35、语，故用 where 或 in which 来引导。5. c 考查状语从句连接词的用法。before在这里引导时间状语从句，表示"在之前” 。语意：一位出租车司机看到一个男子在大楼起火之前幸运地逃了出来。6. d 考查状语从句的引导词。语意：无论你有什么样的口味，这家新开张的饭店都 会使你满意。 whatever 表示”无论什么” ，引导让步状语从句。7. d 考查状语从句。此处是由 where 引导的地点状语从句，所以选 d 项。8. c 考查状语从句。 根据后边的连接词or 可判断出第一空只能用 whether ； 第二空的意思为”只要” ，要用 as long as 或 so

36、long as 。语意：这些例子表明，所有的个体，不管他 们是富裕还是贫穷，只要是牵扯到法律的事，都应该负责任。9. c 考查状语从句。语意：如果你没经历过，你就不会知道我的感受。 unless=if not ” 如果不” ，引导条件状语从句：10. d 考查it' ssince结构。此结构表示动作自过去发生至今有多久。但该结构的从句中谓语动词的性质决定最终的意义=从句中谓语动词为短暂性动词，则表该动作扶发生至今时间有多久；若从句中谓语动词为延续性动词则表示从该动作终止至今时间有多久。work 属于延续性动词这里意为”她不在这儿工作已经有两个多月了” ，显然本题的答案 为 d。11.

37、d 考查状语从句。dress作及物动词时，宾语为人；本题中的dress为不及物动词， 所以后面应该接状语从句答句语意：你想怎么穿都行。12. c考查状语从句。根据语意”当我到新华中学的前门时才知道这所学校的准确地址” 可知， c 项正确。13. d 考查 as 引导让步状语从句时的倒装用法。 as 引导让步状语从句时倒装的基本结构为：形容词副词名词 （单数可数名词前一般不带冠词 ）+ 。 。 +主语：语意：尽管他的观点听起来很奇怪，但这被与会的所有人接受了， 。14. c 考查状语从句。 while 在此引导让步状语从句，意思为“尽管、虽然” 。15. d 考查状语从句的引导词，sothat表

38、示“如此一以至于- "，语意:他思考问题太投入了,以至于一不留神撞到了树上.2008-2009 年模拟题答案1. b 考查状语从句 . 语意 :当你第二次解决这个问题的时候 , 你要在犯过错的地方更加小心.where引导地点状语从句2.b 语意 :许多大人一致认为除非有父母的允许， 否则青 少年不应该单独居住。 unless” 除非" ：in case" 万一"；now that” 既然，由于“ ，if“ 如果”。3 .c考查状语从句的引导词。语意：janet（疯狂地）花钱，就好像以后再也没机会花钱了一样。 根据从句中的 were 可判断出此处用的是虚拟

39、语气， 又由语境可知此处应选as though。4 .c考查状语从句的引导词。before引导时间状语从句，意思是”才”。5 .b 语境： 无论多好的电影我都不会看第二遍。 however good it is 。 no matter how good it is。6 .d 由句意可知，这里是because 引导的原因状语从句。7 .d 考查状语从句。根据后句” it s beyond my abilitv ” 可知此处应用 even if 引导让 步状语从句。8 .d if 在本题中引导条件句。 think outside of bo 。 表示” 跳出惯性思维来思考问题” 。 come up

40、 with 想出主意、办法或某个问题的解决方案。语意：如果我们要想出真正新的东西就要 跳出惯性思维去思考。9 c 答句语意：没有。我还没来得及说什么，他就冲出去了。这里用 before 来引导。10 a 从 for 后的原因状语从句可知，我们缺少人手，所以主句说的是”只要做完就可以，是谁做的并不重要” ，故 a 项正确。专题十 .2010 年高考题组1 . c句意：客人们就要吃完饭的时候，玛丽去煮咖啡了。本题考查连词。so that以便，为了，用来引导目的状语从句或结果状语从句。 although 虽然，尽管，用来引导让步状语从 句。while在期间，当的时候，用来引导时间状语从句；然而，而

41、（=but）,表示 对比。 as if（=as though） 仿佛， 好像， 用来引导方式状语从句。 从句意可知 c 项正确。 。2 b 句意：除非妈妈给他讲故事，否【 !lj 小男孩就不去睡觉。本题考查连词。 or 或 者，否则；unless除非；but但，除 之外；whether是否。 根据语境可知，这里用 unless 表示“除非否则”。3 d 句意：学校制度规定：在白天，除非有大人陪同，否则不允许孩子走出校园。考查状语从句。a: 一旦；b:当的时候；c:如果；d：除非。4 c 句意：不论你的问题有多严重，你都应该鼓起勇气，接受挑战。考 查状语从句。分析题干可知逗号前是让步状语从句，

42、what 不能用来 引导状语从句， 所以排除 b 、 d 两项； however+n巧+a/an+单数名词 =whatever+a/an+n西.+单数名词，故 c项正确。5 b 句意： 我们愿意接收汤姆为我们的成员，除非经理反对他加入本俱乐部。选项中的四个词都可以连接从句。但是这里存在条件关系，故排除 a（直到）和d（在之后），而 语境存在否定条件，故排除c（如果）。6 d 句意：一旦学生们决定了要上哪所大学，他们就应该研究申请此大学的程序了。 本题考查状语从句。as当时，由于； while当 时.尽管；until直到；once一旦。根据句意选择d 项。7 . c句意：约翰认为不久他就能为他的

43、新工作做好准备。本题考查句式it w0o,t be 10ngbefore.表示“过不了多久就”。注意以下句子的区别： it is three years since he left. it was three years before he left. it was three years ago that he left. it was three o' clock when / before he left.8 a 句意：我们这次度假花了很多钱。是吗?没关系，你们高兴就行。本题考查连词的用法。as long as只要；unless除非；as soon as就；though尽管，虽然

44、。9 a 句意：这个女孩刚一按门铃，门就突然打开了，她的朋友冲出来迎接她。本题考 查固定句型 hardlywhen/before，意为“一就 "。10 . c句意：工程师们如此忙碌，以至于没时间做户外活动，即使他们对做户外活动很 感兴趣。 本题考查连词。 even if 即使， 引导让步状语从句。 wherever 无论什么地方； whenever 无论什么时候； as if 好像。11 a 句意：暂用这个房间吧，一有可能，我们就会马上给你提供一个大点的房子。本题考查连词。as soon as就，引导时问状语从句。unless除非；as far as远到，至于； until 直到。1

45、2 c 句意：那位老人请lucy 换坐另一个椅子，因为他想挨着他妻子坐。本题考查状语从句引导词。南句意分析前后为因果关系，所以选because。 a 尽管； b 除非； c 因为； d如果。13 a句意：汤姆正要关上窗户，就在这时一只鸟引起了他的注意。在句式“ be about to d0 when”中，when作并列连词，相当于 and at that time ,句中 was about to do为标志 词，故答案为 a 项。14 b 句意： 尽管 tim 进行的锻炼不多， 但他的体型很好。 本题考查状语从句。 if 如果， 引导条件状语从句； even though=eveu if 即使，引导让步