将磨碎玻璃作为混凝土细骨料的应用

1、中文3076字出处：Mageswari M, Vidivelli B. The Use of sheet glass powder as fine aggregate replacement in concreteJ. Open Civil Engineering Journal, 2010, 4: 65-71.毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译院 系：土木工程与建筑系年级专业：姓 名：学 号：附 件：The Use of Sheet Glass Powder as FineAggregate Replacement in Concrete指导老师评语： 指导教师签名：年 月 日The Use of

2、 Sheet Glass Powder as Fine Aggregate Replacement in ConcreteM. Mageswari1,* and Dr. B.Vidivelli21Research Scholar, Structural Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai nagar, 600 002, Tamilnadu, India2Professor of Structural Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai nagar, 600 002, Tamilnadu,

3、 IndiaAbstract:Sheet glass powder (SGP) used in concrete making leads to greener environment. In shops, near by Chidamba-ram many sheet glass cuttings go to waste, which are not recycled at present and usually delivered to landfills for disposal. Using SGP in concrete is an interesting possibility f

4、or economy on waste disposal sites and conservation of natural re-sources. This paper examines the possibility of using SGP as a replacement in fine aggregate for a new concrete. Natural sand was partially replaced (10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%) with SGP. Compressive strength, Tensile strength (cubesa

5、nd cylinders) and Flexural strength up to 180 days of age were compared with those of concrete made with natural fine aggregates. Fineness modulus, specific gravity, moisture content, water absorption, bulk density, %voids, % porosity (loose and compact) state for sand (S) and SDA were also studied.

6、 The test results indicate that it is possible to manufac-ture concrete containing Sheet glass powder (SGP) with characteristics similar to those of natural sand aggregate concrete provided that the percentage of SGP as fine aggregate is limited to 10-20%, respectively. Key Words: Sheet glass powder

7、, Mechanical properties, Fineness Modulus, Bulk density, Moisture content. INTRODUCTION During the last decades it has been recognized that Sheet Glass waste is of large volume and is increasing year by year in the Shops, construction areas and factories. Using waste glass in the concrete constructi

8、on sector is advantageous, as the production cost of concrete will go down 1. Waste glasses are used as aggregates for concrete 2-4. In Chennai there is a place called Chidambaram where most of the col-ored sheet glasses from windows are packed as a waste andsent to landfill. The plain sheet glasses

9、 can be recycled, but itis costly to remove the color of colored glasses and recycle again. Estimated cost for housing is more and some construction materials like natural sand are also becoming rare 5. Attempts have been made for a long time to use waste glasses as an aggregate in concrete, but it

10、seems that the concrete with waste glasses always cracks 2, 6. Very limited work has been conducted for the use of groundglass as a concrete replacement 7. These waste storage disposals are becoming a serious environmental problem especially for Chidambaram where place disposal sites are lacking. He

11、nce there is a need for recycling more and more waste materials. The most widely used fine aggregate for the making of concrete is the natural sand mined from the riverbeds. How-ever, the availability of river sand for the preparation of con-crete is becoming scarce due to the excessive nonscientifi

12、c methods of mining from the riverbeds, lowering of watertable, sinking of the bridge piers, etc. are becoming common treats 5. The present scenario demands identification of substitute materials for the river sand for making concrete. Recently, some attempts have been made to use ground glass as a

13、replacement in concrete 8-10. The objective of this paper is to present the results of experimental investigations on Physical and Mechanical properties of concrete made with Sheet Glass powder concrete. Natural fine aggregate is substituted by weight by Sheet Glass Powder at rates varyingfrom 10, 2

14、0, 30, 40 and 50 percentages. Compressive, Ten-sion, and flexural strength are evaluated and compared up to180 days of ages. Specific Properties of concrete materials and Sheet Glass Powder are also studied.MATERIALS AND METHODSThe raw materials, used for this study are natural coarse aggregate, fin

15、e aggregate, Sheet glass Powder (SGP) aggre-gate and 53 grades Portland cement. The Sheet glass used forthis study was collected from the points in Chidambaram taluk at Cuddalore District. Sheet Glass is converted into fine aggregate as shown in flowchart Fig. (1) and the procedure for making Sheet

16、Glasscrete is shown in flowchart Fig. (2). Sheet Glass collected from shops is shown in Fig. (3), Sheet Glass crushed is shown in Fig. (4) and Sheet glass powder is shown in Fig. (5). Sheet glass Powder using sieve size from 4.75mm onwards is shown in Fig. (6). Table 1 shows the Fineness Modulus res

17、ults of S, SGP, (S + 10%SGP), (S + 20%SGP), (S + 30%SGP), (S + 40%SGP) and (S + 50%SGP). Fig. (3) shows the Fine aggregate material of grading curve and also SGP, (S+10%SGP), (S+20%SGP), (S+30%SGP), (S+40%SGP) (S+50%SGP) and 100%SGP. The sand used for the study was locally available river sand confo

18、rming tograding zone III of IS:383-1970. The coarse aggregate was a normal weight aggregate with a maximum size of 20mm IS:456-2000. Table 2 shows the physical properties of SGP andFine and coarse aggregate. Table 3 shows chemical charac-teristics of the SGP material. The control mix of the concrete

19、 was designed with a mix ratio of cement /water /Sand /Coarseof 1:0.48:1.66:3.61 by weight. This mix design yielded an average 28 days compressive strength 41 Mpa. The sand was replaced with 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% SGP. EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAMME The SG (Sheet Glass) was collected from shops in Chid

20、ambaram and its properties were tested. Analysis was carried out in Concrete mixtures with 7 levels of SGP (Sheet Glass Powder) replacement ranging from 10% to 50% and 100%. The specimens were cast and tested to study the possibility of using SGP as a substitute material for sand in concrete. The co

21、ntrol mix, utilizing SGP, replaced as the fine aggregate, was designed for the cube, cylinder andbeam. Based on the laboratory trials, the mix proportion of the control mix (M20) was finalized and investigated to de-termine the effect on compressive and tensile strength in cubes and cylinder. The mi

22、xture were 0%,10%,20%,30%, 40%,50% and 100% with different Sheet glass powder(SGP) replacement in fine aggregate is analyzed. It is also used to investigate the effect of SGP replacement on Flex-ural strength.Tests to determine specific gravity, moisture content , water absorption, Bulk density, Com

23、pressive and Tensile strength of cubes and cylinders, SGP was used to replace 0to 50% and 100% of the sand by weight. For compressive and tensile strength tests 150 x 150mm cubes and150 x300mm cylinders specimens were used. A total of 500specimens were cast and cured in water at room temperature in

24、the laboratory for 28,45,60,90,180 days. At the end of each curing period, three specimens for each mixture were tested for Compressive, Tensile and Flexural strength andthe average was recorded. Flexural strength was measured using 100x100x500 mm beam specimen in the centre of the beam load applied

25、. A total of 90 beams were cast and cured in water for 28,45,60, 90,180 days. For each mixture, three beams were loaded to failure, and the average strength was recorded in each caseRESULTS AND DISCUSSION Workability of the concrete increased as the percentages of SGP replacement increased, but it l

26、ater decreases as the curing days increases because of alkali silica reaction. The density of the concrete 2531 kg/m3 at 0% replacement of SGP decreased but at 100% the density increased to 2689kg/m3for cube at 28 days curing. Fig. (3). sheet glass Fig. (4). Crushed sheet glass Fig. (5). sheet glass

27、 powderFig. (6). Sieve Analysis of the MaterialsTable 1. Fineness Modulus Table 2. Physical Properties of MaterialsTable 3. Chemical Analysis of SGP Fig. (7). Compressive strength of concrete cubes.Fig. (8). Compressive strength of Concrete cylinders Fig. (9). Density of concrete cubes.Fig. (10). De

28、nsity of concrete cylinders. Fig. (11). Tensile strength of Concrete cubes.Fig. (12). Tensile strength of Concrete cylinders. Fig. (13). Flexural strength of the concrete beams.Fig. (14). Compressive strength of cubes V Fig. (15). Tensile strength of cubes Vs Compressive strength of cylinder Tensile

29、 strength of cylinder Compressive Strength The compressive strength test results for the concretes containing SGP as fine aggregates of cubes according to their age are very similar to each other. Thus, the results are presented in Fig. (7) and Fig. (9). Concretes containing SGP as fine aggregates,

30、with a mixing ratio of 30%, 40% and 50% displayed a reduction in compressive strength than that of plain concrete respectively. This tendency towards a de-crease in compressive strength with an increase in mixing ratio was repeated for concretes 180 days of age. At 10%, 20% and 100% mixing ratio the

31、re was increase in strengththan that of plain concrete. In any case, the SGP as fine ag-gregate in concrete showed a decrease in strength as the cur-ing days increased but at 10% and 100% the strength as con-crete is more than that of conventional concrete. Fig. (8) andFig. (10) show the increase in

32、 the density of concrete cubes and cylinders as the SGP increases in percentages.Tensile Strength The Tensile strength test results for the concretes con-taining SGP fine aggregates of cubes and cylinders accord-ing to their age are very similar to each other up to 20% re-placement. Thus, the result

33、s are presented in Fig. (11) andFig. (12). Concretes containing SGP as fine aggregates, witha mixing ratio of 30%, 40% and 50% displayed an increase in Tensile strength than that of plain concrete as the curing days increase respectively. This tendency towards a decrease in tensile strength with an

34、increase in mixing ratio was re- peated for concretes 180 days of age. At 10% and 100% mixing ratio there was an increase in strength than that of plain concrete. In any case, the SGP as fine aggregate inconcrete did not have any notable effect on the compressive strength of the concrete. Table 4. R

35、egression EquationFlexural StrengthThe Flexural strength test results for the curing concretes with SGP of different percentage according to their age are presented in Fig. (13). The results were very similar to each other like compressive and tensile strength test results. The concrete containing S

36、GP as fine aggregate, at a 10-20% mix-ing ratio, showed a slight increase in the flexural strengthwhile that of plain concrete. At 30%, 40%, 50% and 100% mixing ratio there was increase in strength than that of plainconcrete. Fig. (14) shows details of the relationship between the com-pressive stren

37、gth of cubes and compressive strength of cyl-inders of the concretes containing the SGP as fine aggregate and Table 3 gives the details of regression equations and its R2. Fig. (15) explains the relationship between tensile strength of cubes and the tensile strength of cylinders of the concrete cont

38、aining SGP as fine aggregate and Table 4 gives the details of regression equations.CONCLUSIONFrom the tests conducted on SGP replaced in fine aggre-gate for concrete as presented in various sections, the follow-ing conclusions are made: The SGP is suitable for use in concrete making. The fineness mo

39、dulus, specific gravity, moisture content, un-compacted bulk density and compacted bulk density at 10% Sheet glass powder(SGP)were foundto be2.25,3.27,2.57%,1510kg/m3 and 1620kg/m3For a given mix, the water requirement decreases as the SGP content in-creases. The compressive strength of cubes and cy

40、linders of the concrete for all mix increases as the % of SGP increases but decreases as the age of curing increases due to alkali silica reaction. The Tensile strength of cubes and cylinders of the concrete for all mix increases than that of conventionalconcrete age of curing and decreases as the S

41、GP content in-creases. The Flexural strength of the beam of concrete for allmix increases with age of curing and decreases as the SGP content increases. 100% replacement of SGP in concrete showed better results than that of conventional concrete at 28days and 45 days curing but later it started to d

42、ecrease its strength because of its alkali silica reactions. The density of SGP concrete is more that of conventional concrete. SGP is available in significant quantities as a waste and can be util-ized for making concrete. This will go a long way to reduce the quantity of waste in our environment.

43、The optimum re-placement level in fine aggregate with SGP is 10%REFERENCES 1I. B. Topcu, M. Canbaz, “Properties of concrete containing waste glass,” Cem. Concr. Res., vol. 34, pp. 267-274, February 2004. 2 C. D. Johnston, “Waste glass as coarse aggregate for concrete,” J. Test. Eval., vol. 2, pp. 34

44、4-350, May 1974. 3 O. Masaki, “Study on hydration hardening character of glass powder and basic physical properties of waste glass construction material,” Asahi Ceram. Found. Annu. Tech. Rep., 1995. 4 S.B. Park, “Development of recycling and treatment technologies for construction wastes,” Minist. C

45、onstr. Transp., Seoul, Tech. Rep., 2000. 5 Job Thomas, “Utilization of quarry powder as a substitute for the river sand in concrete”, J. Struct. Eng., vol.32, no.5, pp. 401-407, January 2006. 6 C. Meyer, and S. Baxter, “Use of recycled glass and fly ash for precast concrete,” NYSERDA Rep., vol.1, pp

46、. 98-18, October 1998.7 Y. Shao, T. Lefort, S. Moras, and D. Rodriguez, “Studies on con-crete containing ground waste glass,”Cem. Concr. Res., vol. 30,no. 1, pp. 91-100, June 2000. 8 A.Shayan, and A. Xu, “Value - Added Utilization of waste glass in Concrete,” Cem. Concr. Res., vol. 34, no.1, pp. 81-

47、89, May 2004.9 W. Jin, C. Meyer, and S. Baxter, “Glascrete - Concrete with glass aggregate,” ACI. Mater. J., vol. 2, pp. 208-213, May2000. 10 C. Polley, S.M. Cramer, and R.V. Crug, “Potential for using waste glass in Portland Cement Concrete,” J. Mater. Civil Eng., vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 210-219, May 1

48、998. 将磨碎玻璃作为混凝土细骨料的应用M.Magesuari Dr.B.Vidivell1.安纳马莱大学结构工程研究员2.安纳马莱大学结构工程教授 摘要：在混凝土制造中采用白玻璃粉（SGP）有利于绿色环境的发展。在Chidambaram附近的商场里，许多玻璃切割后产生的粉末都被当成垃圾了。这些碎渣一般被送到垃圾填埋地去处理,并没有被循环利用。而将SGP掺入到混凝土中作为其细骨料则是对垃圾处理和保护自然资源都很有意义的一种方式，这篇文章探讨了将SGP作为新型混凝土的细骨料的可能性。将天然砂的一部分，分别以10%，20%，30%，40%，50%替换成SGP。压缩强度，剪切强度（立方体和圆柱体）

49、和180天的挠曲强度都和天然砂制成的混凝土做了对比。细度模量，比重，含水率，体积密度以孔隙率空隙率（在松散和密实的状态下）也做了研究。研究结果显示在SGP限制在10%20%组分的条件下制成的混凝土与天然砂制成的混凝土具有相似的特性。 关键词：玻璃粉，机械性能，细度模量，体积密度，含水率 论文简介 最近十几年来，商店建筑和工厂所产生的玻璃粉废料一年比一年多。将玻璃粉作为混凝土组分意义非凡。因为这将降低混凝土成本1.废玻璃已经被应用到了混凝土生产中。在Chennai的一个叫Chidambaram的地方，大部分窗子所产生的有色玻璃废料都被收集起来作为垃圾送到垃圾填埋场。普通白玻璃可以被直接回收利用，

50、回收利用有色玻璃需要除去有色玻璃中颜色但是这花费巨大。由于建筑材料如天然砂的日渐稀少，住房造价随之增高了。将废玻璃作为混凝土骨料的尝试已经做了很久了。但是这样的混凝土似乎容易碎裂【2,6】但将磨碎了的玻璃作为混凝土的组分的研究却做的很有限，【7】而废物的堆放越来越成为一个环境问题，特别对于Chidambaram这样的垃圾处理点正被削减的地方。所以回收利用更多的废物很有必要。 制造混凝土时采用最多的细骨料是从河床采出的天然沙。然而，由于过度的不科学地从河床开采河沙，天然沙作为建筑材料已相对匮乏，并且还会存在桥墩下称，河床降低等常见的风险【5】。目前的情况是需要一个标准来用于衡量混凝土河沙替代物。

51、最近做过一些将玻璃粉作为混凝土替代物的尝试，这篇文章的主题就是陈述对掺入了玻璃粉的混凝土所进行的物理和机械性能试验得到的结果。其中天然细骨料按重量分别以10%，20%，30%，40%，50%的比率被SGP所取代。对压缩，剪切和挠曲强度均做了评估并且与180天后的情况做了比较，对混凝土材料的特性和白玻璃粉也做了研究。 材料和方法 用于此实验的原材料有：天然粗骨料，细骨料，磨碎玻璃（SGP）和53级的波特兰水泥。此次研究所用的玻璃是从位于Chidambaram的Cuddalore District所收集得到的。平板玻璃被转制成如图1所示的细骨料。并且SGP混凝土的程序也在下图2中列出了。图【3】为

52、从商店里采集来的白玻璃，图4为压碎了的玻璃，图【5】为玻璃粉。图【6】为玻璃粉从4.75mm以上的筛分粒度。表1显示了S,SGP,S+10%SGP,S+20%SGP,S+30%SGP,S+40%SGP和S+50%SGP的细度模量。图（3）是细骨料的颗粒级配曲线，包含了SGP,S+10%SGP,S+20%SGP,S+30%SGP,S+40%SGP,S+50+SGP,100%SGP。粗骨料由最大尺寸为20mm的IS：4562000.从表格2中可以看出SGP和粗细骨料的物理性质，表格3则是SGP材料的化学特性。混凝土的控制混合比设计的比例水泥：水：沙：粗骨料按重量比为1:0.48:1.66:3.61

53、。沙子分别被10%，20%，30%，40%，50%的SGP所代替，这样混合生产出混凝土28天抗压强度为41Mpa。图1.将玻璃研磨成玻璃细骨料的过程 从商店收集玻璃废品 按重量将玻璃打碎 将玻璃放如粉碎和 压力机器中 人工筛选 低于1.18mm 高于1.18mm 筛选（150微米） 按百分比替代沙子 储存 - 用于制作环境友好型混凝土图2. 如何制作合适的玻璃混凝土玻璃混凝土 混合各个组分并做相应替代 按百分比混合各个材料 材料强度测试 在混凝土中充分利用SGPNO 第三步-是否符合要求 YES 得出结论并讨论实验步骤 白玻璃是从Chidambaram商店里收集过来的，并且其成分也是经过测定的

54、，分析了七个不同SGP百分比（10%到50%和100%）所制成的样本，测试研究了将SGP作为混凝土中细骨料替代物的可能性。在一定控制比下利用SGP替代细骨料制成混凝土立方试件，圆柱体试件和横梁。经过实验研究，配合比对立方体和圆柱体的抗压抗剪强度的影响已获得一定的结论。SGP分别取代10%，20%，30%，40%，50%和100%的细骨料，以上混合比都已经做了研究分析。以上混合比的混凝土同样研究了其剪切强度。在测定立方体和圆柱体的相对密度，含水率，吸水率，体密度，压缩和剪切时按重量的10%，20%，30%，40%，50%和100%取代。测量压缩和剪切强度时选用150*150mm的立方体和150*300mm的圆柱体试件。试验中一共做了500个试件并在室温下固化了28,45,60,90,180天。在每个贮存阶段最后，将各个组分的试件各取3个进行测试并记录下其抗压，抗剪和弹性模量以及其个数据的平均值。弹性模量用100*100*150mm的衡量试件进行中间承载试验。一共做了90个横梁试件并在室温下固化了28,45,60,90,180,天。各取3个不同组分下