初中英语总复习第二轮教案(共28页)

1、中考英语总复习第二轮教案一名词考试标准：1了解名词复数形式的构成规则。2能识别名词所有格，如Mary's book，Childrens Palace，teacher's office等。 3能认识专有名词。4能熟练运用常用的不可数名词，如water，rice，milk等。名词的数1、可数名词与不可数名词A、不可数名词，初中阶段常见的不可数名词有：water ; meat ; rice ; bread ; milk ; tea ; orange(桔汁) ; fruit ; air ; snow ; chalk; work ; paper(纸) ; time(时间); music

2、; weather ; grass ; news ; food ; fish(鱼肉); coke ; porridge ; cake(可数或不可数). 不可数名词应注意以下几点：1)前无数、冠，后无复数；作主语为三单.2)表量用约数some /any ; much ; a lot of 或用of短语eg. There is _ bread on the table. CA. a B. one C. a piece of D. many There is some_ on the plate. BA. apple B. fish C. milks D. deer2、可数名词的复数A、不规则变化：

3、manmen ; womanwomen ;childchildrenpolicemanpolicemen EnglishmanEnglishmen FrenchmanFrenchmenfootfeet ; toothteeth mouse(鼠)mice B、规则变化1）s; sh; ch; x 结尾加 es 读 iz 2) ce; se; ze; (d)ge 结尾加 seg. boxes b ksiz blouses blauziz 3)f (fe) 结尾则变f(fe)为v加es-读vz eg. knives naivz 4) “辅+y”结尾变y为i加es 清就清s 5)一般加s 浊就浊z e

4、g. booksbuks penspenz babiesbeibiz但注意以下几点： potatopotatoes ; tomatotomatoes 单复同形: fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese 由man , woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变成复数 man doctor men doctors reefreefs “某国人”的复数：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面. eg. GermanGermans people , police 常用单数形式表示复数概念 The police are looking for the missing b

5、oy.名词所有格：名词s (意思是 “的”)A.有生命的名词所有格，一般在后加“s”但注意：1)表两者共有则在后者加“s” Lucy and Lilys father 露西和莉莉的父亲 Lucys and Lilys fathers露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲.2)以s结尾的词只加“ ”eg. 1) the boys books 2) James father3)无生命的名词所有格用of来引导eg. the leg of the desk4)双重所有格：a friend of my fathers a friend of mine ( ) a friend of my( × )练 习选择正

6、确的答案( )1.Are those _?-No, they arent. Theyre _.A. sheep ; cows B. sheep ; cowC. sheeps ; cow D. sheeps ; cows( )2._ room is on the 5th floor.A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and LilysC. Lucys and Lily D. Lucys and Lilys( )3.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a _ to his office.A. 20 minutes walk B. 20 minutes wal

7、kC. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk ( )4.Its only about ten _ walk to the nearest post office.A. minutes B. minutes C. minutes D. minute( )5.He often has _ for breakfast.A. two breads B. two piece of breadsC. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads( )6.Mrs. Green has two _. Theyre very bright.

8、A. childs B. child C. childrens D. children( )7.What did the headmaster say about Jims _.A. two months holiday B. two months holidayC. two-month holiday D. two months holidays( )8.There are lots of _ in the basket on the table .A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss( )9.In our school there are

9、 fifty-five _.A. women teachers B. woman teachers C. women teacher D. womans teacher( )10.The three _ will be put into prison.A. thiefs B. thief C. thieves D. thiefs二、冠词考试标准：了解a(an)和the的基本用法及不用冠词的情况。1、不定冠词a, an a用在辅音音素开头的词前 eg. a book a useful book a “u” ju:sful ju:an用于元音开头的词前. eg. an applean hour a

10、n “F” au ef 2、定冠词the1)特指某人/某物 The book on the desk is mine.2)世上独一无二的事物前 the sun , the moon, the earth, the sky3)形、副最高级及序数词前 The third boy is the tallest of all.(但当这些词前已有其他限定词，如物主代词、所有格、指示代词时，则不能再用the) He is my first English teacher.4)the + 姓的复数表示 “某家人”或“某夫妇”。 the Greens 格林一家/ 格林夫妇3、不用冠词的几种情况：1)在星期、月

11、份、季节前不用冠词2)学科名词前3)球类运动及早、中、晚三餐名词前（但：当三餐名词前有修饰词时，则要加适当的冠词. 表乐曲演奏的名词前应加the）1) He went to school after he had a quick breakfast.2) play the violin / piano练 习 ( )1.Maths is _ useful subject. You cant drop it , I think.A. an B. a C. the D. /( )2._ bad weather it is!A. How B. What a C. How a D. What ( )3.

12、Look at _ picture! Theres _ house in it.A. a ; a B. the ; the C. a ; the D. the; a ( )4.One morning he found _ handbag. There was _ “s” on the corner of _ handbag.A. a ; an ; the B. a ; a ; theC. a ; a ; a D. the ; an ; a ( )5.Meimei is _ best student in her class.A. a B. an C. / D. the( )6.Tom is _

13、 kind boy. All _ students love him.A. a ; / B. a ; the C. an ; / D. an ; the ( )7.Even while he was in _ hospital, he went on writing songs.A. a B. an C. the D. / ( )8._ young must look after _ old.A. The ; a B. The ; the C. A ; a D. A ; the ( )9.Kate sometimes plays _ violin(小提琴) and sometimes play

14、s _ table tennis before supper.A. / ; the B. the ; / C. the ; the D. / ; /三、代词考试标准：1. 记住人称代词的主格和宾格，熟悉反身代词的单、复数形式。 2. 掌握不定代词any, some ,no, few等以及由some , any , no 组成的合成词的用法。 3. 掌握指示代词this, that, these, those的一般用法。 4. 了解形容词性和名词性物主代词的用法。 5. 能区别和运用疑问代词、连接代词和关系代词。（一）指示代词：this , that , these , those. this

15、, that一般与可数名词的单数连用，而不与不可数名词连用（但that可单独指代不可数名词）。that apple ( ) that meat ( × )The weather in Sichuan is not so hot as _ in Guangzhou. that(二)人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 1）人称代词：主格、宾格（作主语为主格， 作宾语为宾格; 介+宾格）eg. 1)I thank you 2)You thank me.2）物主代词：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。一变(mymine); 二留(hishis itsits)三加s(youryours ; ouro

16、urs ; herhers ; theirtheirs)用法：有名不名，无名是名eg. This is _（我的）book. This book is _（我的）. my ; mine3）反身代词：某某自己；亲自单数复数yourselfyourselvesmyselfourselveshimselfthemselvesherselfitself反身代词的常见搭配：1.enjoy oneself 玩得高兴；过得愉快 2.hurt oneself 伤着自己3.teach oneself = learn by oneself 自学4.(all) by oneself （完全）独立地5.help on

17、eself to 请自便；随便吃6.look after oneself 自理；照顾自己7.leave one by oneself 把单独留下8.lose oneself in 陶醉于；沉浸于（三）不定代词 1)some与any一般情况下，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句、疑问句（但表邀请、建议的问句中可用some此类句型常以could , would开头） 2) many + 可数 = a lot of : 许多much + 不可数 （但a lot of不能用于否定句） 3) few , a few ; little , a little表否定表肯定可数few(几乎没有)a few(几

18、个；一些)不可数little(几乎没有)a little(一点儿少许).The story is easy to read. There are _new words in it. few.Hurry up! There is_ time left. little4) everyone / anyone 不加of no one 不加 ofnone of( )_ of us wants to read the book. BA. Everyone B. Every oneC. Nobody D. No one5）other ,another , others单数复数泛指another三者以上的另

19、一个定语主语、宾语othersomeothers特指onethe other一个另一个the others =the other+复名(另外的人或物).We study _ subjects besides Chinese. .May I have _ apple ?.These cups are clean. _ are dirty. .I have two pens. One is red , _ is blue. other ; another ; others ; the others另外注意：one another (三者以上的)相互 each other (两者的)相互We sho

20、uld learn from each other(说明we指两个人)They help one another (说明they指三个人以上) 6) 二者与三者复数单数单数二者both(都)neither(都不)either(任何一个)三者all(都)none(都不)any(任何一个)注意：.both 否定 neither all 否定 none.both , all 不但作主语为复数，且被修饰的词也为复数；neither , none作主语为单数，但none of + 复名，neither of + 复名( )1._ of my parents is a teacher. BA. None

21、B. Neither C. Both D. All( )2.There are many trees on _ side of the river. CA. both B. any C. either D. allevery one / any one of7) each: (二者以上的)每个作主、宾、定）every: (三者以上的)每个只作定语）._ student in the class likes English._ of the students studied hard. Every ; Each练 习( )1._office is much smaller than _.A. O

22、urs ; yours B. Our ; yoursC. Theirs ; our( )2. “Help_ to some meat.”my uncle said to me .A. themselves B. yourself C. yourselves( )3. There are twenty teachers in our school. Eight of them are men teachers and _ are women teachers.A. others B. the others C. another( )4.There isnt _ paper in the box.

23、 Will you go and get _ for me ?A. any ; some B. any ; any C. some ; any( )5.There are many trees on _ sides of the street.A. both B. all C. each( )6._ of them has a dictionary and _ one of them can look up words in it.A. Each ; every B. Every; each C. Every; every ( )7.The two friends were so please

24、d to see each other that they forgot _.A. other everything B. anything elseC. everything else. ( )8.The river is very dirty. _ people go to swim in it.A. Few B. A few C. Little( )9.A friend of _ came to see _ yesterday.A. his ; his B. he ; him C. his ; him ( )10Who teaches _ French?A. we B. our C. u

25、s四、数词考试标准: 1. 了解100以内的基数词和序数词的构成。 2. 掌握有关年、月、日、时刻、年龄、年代、长（宽、高）、编号等的表达法。 3.辨别hundred, thousand, million和hundreds of , thousands of, millions of的不用含义和用法。数词分为基数词和序数词。用于表示事物数目的词称为基数词，表示事物顺序的词称为序数词。1.基数词(1000以内的基数词的读法)365three hundred and sixty-five505five hundred and five2.基数词变序数词的方法： 基变序，有规律；词尾要加th。 一二

26、三，特殊记；词尾分别tdd。 八去t ，九去e ；ve则以f替。 ty 则变作 ti ; 后面还有一个e。 要是遇到几十几；只将个位变成序。eg. onefirst twosecond threethird eighteighth nineninth twelvetwelfthtwentytwentieth twenty-one -twenty-first3.数词的应用：A、时刻表达法：a. 整点：基数词 + oclockeg. Its eight oclock now.b. 几点几分： 1直接表达法：先小时后分 eg. 3:25 three twenty-five 2.间接表达法：先分后小时

27、1)(<30分钟)用past ：分钟past 小时 eg. 3:25 twenty-five (minutes) past three2) (>30分钟)用to：(60-分钟数) to (小时数+1) eg. 3:35 twenty-five (minutes) to four3) 30分钟 = half 15分钟 = a quartereg. 3:30 three thirty = half past three 3:15 three fifteen = a quarter past three. 3:45 three forty-five = a quarter to four

28、B、日期表达法：月日，年（或日月年）1949年10月1日 : October1st , nineteen forty-nine=the first of October, nineteen forty-nine2000年: the year two thousand=twenty hundred2001年: twenty o one3月1日: March the first = the first of MarchC、表编号：第207房间：Room 207第五课： Lesson 5 = the fifth lessonD、序数词与不定冠词(a; an)连用表“又一；再一”eg. Youve d

29、one it three times. Why not try a fourth time?E、分数的表达：分子（基数）、分母（序数）eg. one third 三分之一 two thirds 三分之二注意：1.分子超过1时，分母加s2.含分数的短语作主语由分数后的词决定谓语eg.1)One third of the students are girls. 2)One third of the milk is mine.3.分数的特殊形式1)one third = a third2)one fourth = a quarter three fourths = three quarters3)o

30、ne second = a halfF、一些数词的复数 + of表约数：hundreds of ; thousands of ; millions of练 习( )1.If you go out at night, youll be able to see _ starts.A. thousands of B. thousand ofC. nine thousands of D. thousands( )2.Monday is _ day of the week.A. first B. the first C. the second D. second( )3.Youve done it tw

31、ice. Why not try _ time? A. third B. the third C. a third D. once ( )4.I was born _, 1982.A. on June 2rd B. in June 2ndC. on June two D. on June 2( )5.Its _ from our home to the zoo.A. two and a half hours walkB. a half and two hours walkC. two hours and a half hours walkD. two and a half hours walk

32、 ( )6.Will you be back in _ ?A. one or two minutes B. one minute or twoC. two minutes or one D. two or one minute ( )7.The headmaster wrote a _ report.A. two thousand words B.two-thousand-wordsC. two-thousand words D. two-thousand-word五、介词考试标准：1. 掌握常用介词的用法。 2. 了解不用介词的用法。1.in; on; at用在时间词前，表“在” 1)at

33、+ 具体时刻 2)on + 具体某天（具体某天的上、下午等；星期词；以及上、下午词前有修饰词时） 3)in + 年、月、季节及一天中的某部分但注意：at night= in the night at noon at this / that time at Christmaseg. 1._ the morning 2._ Monday morning3. _ a rainy evening 4. _3:50 5._ 20026._ the morning of April 10 7._ spring8._ night 9._ this time 10. _ March另外注意：在时间词（morn

34、ing , afternoon , evening ; Sunday）前有last, next , this , that时，不再用介词. tomorrow, tonight前也不用介词。eg. I will go(A) to the cinema(B) in(C) this evening. _2. in , on , at 表地点：at一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围之内；on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例如：eg. 1)He arrived _Shanghai yesterday.2)They arrived _a small village before dark.3)The

35、re is a big hole _ the wall.4)The teacher put up a picture _ the wall.3.in , on , to表方位 in(范围内)；on(范围外且接壤)；to(范围外但不接壤)。可表示为下图的位置关系eg.1)Taiwan is in the southeast of China. 2)Hubei is on the north of Hunan. 3)Japan is to the east of China. cross: 动词“跨过，越过”=go across4. across: （表面）跨过through: （内部）穿过，贯穿

36、 介词eg. 1)Can you swim _ the river? 2)The road runs _ the forest. 3) _ the bridge, youll find a cinema.5. in + 时间段：与将来时连用after + 时间段：与过去时连用但after + 时间点：可与将来时连用。 1) Ill leave _ three oclock. That is, Ill leave _ about ten minutes. 2)They left _ two weeks.6. in the tree(外加在树上的事物) on the tree(树上自身具有的花、果

37、、叶等)in the wall(镶嵌在墙内部的事物)7. on the wall(墙表面的事物) 1) There is a map _ the wall 2) There are four windows _ the wall.8.by bike / bus / car / ship (单数且无冠词)但当这些交通工具名词前有其它修饰词时，则应使用相应的介词。eg. by bike = on a(the; his) bike by car = in a(the ; her) car on: 在（表面）上接触9. over: 在的正上方 above: 在的斜上方 未接触 1) The moon

38、rose _ the hill. 2) There is a bridge _ the river. 3) There is a book _ the desk.10. between: 在（两者）之间 among :在（三者以上）之间 1)A big crowd of people were waiting for Li Lida on the beach. _ them were his parents. 2)Tom sits _Lucy and Lily.11.on与about : 关于 on用于较正式的演讲、学术、书籍等 about用于非正式的谈话或随便提及eg. He gave a

39、talk _ the history of the Party12. in front of :在前面/方（范围外）= before in / at the front of:在前部（范围内）1)There is a big tree _ of the classroom.2)A driver drives _ of the bus.类似区别：at the back of与behind13.with和in: 表示“用“ with: 指“用工具、手、口等” in: 指“用语言、话语、声音等” 1) Please write the letter _ a pen. 2) Please speak

40、_ a loud voice.14. on a farm ; in a factory ; the girl in the hat ; leave for: 动身前往某地15.一些固定搭配：（1）介词与动词的搭配listen to , laugh at, get to, look for;wait for, hear from, turn on, turn off, worry about, think of, look after, spendon, 等。（2）介词与名词的搭配on time, in time, by bus, on foot, with pleasure, on ones

41、way to, in trouble, at breakfast, at the end of, in the end等。（3）介词与形容词的搭配be late for, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, be angry with, be full of, be sorry for等。 练习( )1._ the afternoon of May, we visited the old man. A. On B. At C. In( )2.Many people work _ the day and sleep _ night. A. on

42、 ; at B. in ; in C. in ; at( )3.He speaks Japanese best _ the boy students. A. between B. with C. among( )4.Hes very strict _ himself and hes very strict _ his work.A. with ; in B. in ; with C. with ; with ( )5.The shop wont open _ nine in the morning.A. until B. at C. during( )6.How about _ the flo

43、wers now?A. watering B. are watering C. watered( )7.She spent all his money _ books.A. in B. with C. on ( )8.I think its the right way to work out the problem, but I am not sure _ it.A. do B. for C. of( )9.Reading _ the sun isnt good _ youA. under ; for B. in ; for C. in ; to( )10.I wont ask about i

44、t, Im going to see it _ my own eyes.A. by B. for C. with ( )11.No one can stop her _ going away.A. of B. from C. out of六、连词考试标准：1.掌握and, but, or 等并列连词和when, until, as, if because等从属连词在句中的不同含义以及主要用法。 2. 能区分when, where作疑问词和连接副词的用法。 3. 能分清if在条件句和宾语从句的不同含义。从属连词和并列连词（一）从属连词：用于连接各种从句的连词（二）并列连词：并列连词用来连接具有并

45、列关系的词，短语或句子。常见的并列连词有：1.表并列关系的and, bothand, not onlybut also, neithernor等。2. 表选择关系的or, eitheror等。3. 表转折关系的but, while（然而）等。4.表因果关系的for, so等。5. and: “和”在肯定句中表并列or: “和”在否定句中表并列另外：1)or “或者”用于选择疑问句 2)or “否则”eg. .Which do you like better, tea or milk? .Hurry up, or youll be late for school. 6.but “但是”表转折eg

46、. I listened, but I heard nothing.注意：1)though(虽然), but(但是)不能连用 2)not but 不是而是eg. This book isnt mine but yours.both and : 既又（连接主语为复数）neithernor: 既不也不 连接两主 7. eitheror: 或者或者 语后者决 not only but also:不但而且 定单、复eg.1)Both he and I are students.2)Neither he nor I am a student.练 习 ( )1. -Will the foreigners

47、have any problems talking with Chinese in 2008? -I dont think so. Now _ the young _ the old can speak some English.A. eitheror B. not only but alsoC. neithernor D. bothor( )2. We didnt catch the train _ we left late.A. so B. because C. but D. though( )3. Tom failed in the exam again _ he wanted to p

48、ass it very much.A. if B. so C. though D. as( )4. I wont believe that the five-year-old boy can read five thousand words _ I have tested him myself.A. after B. when C. if D. until( )5. The book was so interesting that he had read it for three hours _ he realized it.A. when B. until C. after D. befor

49、e( )6. -This dress was last years style. -I think it still looks perfect _ it has gone out this year.A. so that B. even though C. as if D. ever since( )7. Hurry up, _ you will miss the train.A. and B. so C. however D. or( )8. The mountain was _ steep _ few people in our city reached the top.A. soas

50、B. sothat C. asas D. tooto( )9. -Do you remember our pleasant journey to Xian? -Of course. I remember everything _ it happened yesterday.A. as soon as B. even thoughC. rather than D. as if( )10. _ you cant answer this question, we have to ask someone else for help.A. Although B. While C. Whether D.

51、Since七、形容词、副词考试标准: 1.了解形容词、副词的定义和在句中的用法。 2.重点掌握形容词、副词的比较等级。一、了解形容词作定语，表语及宾语补足语的用法。二、掌握形容词、副词的比较等级及用法。1.原级：表示A与B在某方面相同。句型：1) A + 谓 + as + 原级 + as + B 2) A + 谓(否定) + as/so + 原级 + as + B A与B在某方面不同注意：not as / so as = less than 不及；不如eg. 1)This girl is as beautiful as that one. 2)You dont eat so much as I 3)This