原子核物理导论

1、Course Name: Introduction to Nuclear Physics (I) 原子核物理導論（一）原子核物理導論（一） Course code : 3297Instructor: 李秉政老師李秉政老師“1In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. 2But the earth became waste and emptiness, and darkness was upon the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was brooding upon th

2、e surface of the waters. “ (Genesis 1:1 2)Recommended Textbooks: “Nuclear and Particle Physics” by W.S.C. Williams, Oxford University Press, New York 士華圖書公司(02)27033016 “Introductory Nuclear Physics” by Kenneth S. Krane, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. “Introductory Nuclear Physics” by Samuel S.M. Wong,

3、 John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York 民權書局有限公司(02)23651662, (02)23657999 “Modern Atomic and Nuclear Physics” by Fujia Yang, Joseph H. Hamilton The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.ContentsContentsIntroduction2.Some Quantitative FormalitiesThe Size and Shape of NucleiThe Masses of NucleiNuclear Instabilit

4、yAlpha DecayNuclear Collisions and Reactions 8. Nuclear Models 9. Forces and Interactions10. Hadrons and the Quark-Parton Model11. The Electromagnetic Interaction12. The Weak Interaction13. Particles: Summary and Outlook14. Nuclear and Particle AstrophysicsNuclear Physics Nuclear Bomb !AimsTo study

5、the general properties of nucleiTo examine the characteristics of the nuclear forceTo introduce the principal models of the nucleusTo discuss the spontaneous decay of nuclei including those far from the region of stabilityTo study nuclear reactions, in particular fission and fusionTo introduce detec

6、torsTo discuss the practical applications of nuclear physicsTo develop problem solving skills in the above areasWhy Do nuClear PhysiCs?Why Do nuClear PhysiCs?Nuclear physics is fundamental tounderstanding our lives and thephysical world around usWhat is the origin of the Universe?What is the origin

7、of nuclei - H, He, Li.Fe.U,Th?stars, supernova, the Big Bangthe creation of chemical elementsproduction of energy in stars and on Earthnuclear astrophysicsWe are all made from the products of exploding stars the study of nuclear cross sectionsWhy Do nuClear PhysiCs?Why Do nuClear PhysiCs?Building ma

8、tter and matter falling apartbuilding with quarks and leptons-neutrons, protons, deuterons.-Nuclei how many elements, why? stars, neutrino mass and the cosmosmatter decays - splitting the atom.-alpha, beta, gamma-fission particlesWhy Do nuClear PhysiCs?Why Do nuClear PhysiCs?Nuclear processes are us

9、ed all aroundus and there are key applications inmany aspects of our livesNuclear fission (fusion?) for generation of powera not topic now - no CO2 emissions - but it is safe?Radioactivity in medicine, industry and research Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (cancer), Security (e.g. mine detection), Fundame

10、ntal studies such as neutrino properties (double beta decay).Why Do nuClear PhysiCs?Why Do nuClear PhysiCs?Medical applicationsCancer therapy using radiationHistoric use to kill cells - e.g. radiumModern use with ion beams (e.g. GSI)Medical imagingMRI (Nuclear magnetic imaging)Positron Emission TomographyX-ray imagingetcWhy Do nuClear PhysiCs?Why Do nuClear PhysiCs?Other applicationsThe environmentCarbon dating - 12C/14C ratioArgon gas datingRb/Sr dating of rock