几组代词的用法PPT课件

1、1几组代词的用法几组代词的用法2 other, the other, anotherother, the other, another与与othersothers的用法的用法 这些不定代词不仅在含义上有单复数之分，而且在用这些不定代词不仅在含义上有单复数之分，而且在用法上有泛指法上有泛指( (无无the)the)和特指和特指( (有有the)the)之别。其用法区别之别。其用法区别可归纳如下：可归纳如下： 1. 1. 指单数时的区别指单数时的区别 若泛指用若泛指用anotheranother，若特指用，若特指用 the other the other。如：。如： give me another

2、 (one). give me another (one). 另外给我一个。另外给我一个。 shut the other eye, please. shut the other eye, please. 请把另一只眼睛也闭请把另一只眼睛也闭上。上。 2. 2. 指复数时的区别指复数时的区别 若泛指用若泛指用 other( other(后接复数名词后接复数名词) )，若特指用，若特指用the the other(other(后接复数名词后接复数名词) )。如：。如： there are other ways of doing it. there are other ways of doing i

3、t. where have the other students gone? where have the other students gone? 3 3. others3. others的用法的用法 它永远表示复数意义它永远表示复数意义( (且其后不能再接名词且其后不能再接名词) )。其。其用法大致相当于用法大致相当于“other+other+复数名词复数名词”，同样地，同样地 the the others others 大致相当于大致相当于“the otherthe other复数名词复数名词”。如：。如： other people others may not think that o

4、ther people others may not think that way. way. 别的人可能不这样想。别的人可能不这样想。 he is cleverer than the others the other he is cleverer than the others the other students in her class. students in her class. 他比班上其他学生聪明。他比班上其他学生聪明。 4. another 4. another的用法的用法 一般只能表单数，且其后接名词也只能接单数名一般只能表单数，且其后接名词也只能接单数名词。但是若其后有数词

5、或词。但是若其后有数词或 few few 修饰时，则也可接修饰时，则也可接复数名词。如：复数名词。如： we need another few chairs. we need another few chairs. 我们还需要几把我们还需要几把椅子。椅子。 in another two weeks it in another two weeks itll be finished. ll be finished. 再再过两个星期就可做完了。过两个星期就可做完了。4 替代词替代词it, that, (the) one(s), thoseit, that, (the) one(s), those的用

6、法的用法 1. it 1. it和和thatthat的用法的用法 两者都可替代两者都可替代“the+the+单数名词单数名词( (可数或不可数可数或不可数) )”，均，均表特指，但表特指，但itit指前面提到的指前面提到的“同一同一”事物，而事物，而thatthat是指是指前面提到的前面提到的“同类同类”事物。如：事物。如： the parkers bought a new house but the parkers bought a new house but _will need a lot of work before they can _will need a lot of work

7、before they can move in. move in. a. they b. it a. they b. it c. one d. whichc. one d. which 解析：答案选解析：答案选b b。itit替代替代 “the + housethe + house”，指的就是，指的就是前面提到的前面提到的the parkersthe parkers所买的那座新房子。所买的那座新房子。 few pleasures can equal _ of a cool few pleasures can equal _ of a cool drink on a hot day. drink

8、 on a hot day. a. some b. any c. a. some b. any c. that d. thosethat d. those 解析：答案选解析：答案选c c。thatthat替代替代the pleasurethe pleasure，指与前面提，指与前面提到的同属到的同属“快乐的事快乐的事”。5 2. 2. 替代词替代词oneone的用法的用法 one one用以替代用以替代“a a单数可数名词单数可数名词”，表示泛，表示泛指。特指的指。特指的the onethe one相当于相当于thatthat；the onethe one复数复数形式形式the onesthe

9、 ones，在口语中也常用，在口语中也常用thosethose代替；代替；当后面有当后面有ofof短语时，一般用短语时，一般用thatthat或或thosethose，当，当有前置修饰语时，只能用有前置修饰语时，只能用one(s)one(s)，如，如the red the red oneone。one(s), the one(s), those, thatone(s), the one(s), those, that都是都是替代替代“同类同类”事物，其中只有事物，其中只有thatthat可替代不可可替代不可数名词。如：数名词。如： we needed a new cupboard for th

10、e we needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. so peter made _ from some kitchen. so peter made _ from some wood we had.wood we had. a. it b. one c. himself a. it b. one c. himself d. anotherd. another 解析：答案选解析：答案选b b，oneone替代替代a cupboarda cupboard。6 mr zhang gave the textbooks mr zhang gave the textbo

11、oks to all the pupils except to all the pupils except _who had already taken _who had already taken them.them. a. the ones b. a. the ones b. ones c. some ones c. some d. the othersd. the others 解析：答案选解析：答案选a a，后面的定语从句，后面的定语从句是特指，是特指，the onesthe ones替代替代 the the pupilspupils。此处也可用。此处也可用thosethose。7 替

12、代词替代词thatthat与与thosethose的用法区别的用法区别 thatthat用作替代词主要用于替代用作替代词主要用于替代“the+the+单数名词单数名词( (可数可数或不可数或不可数) )”，表特指。，表特指。如：如： a dog a dogs intelligence is much greater than s intelligence is much greater than that of a cat. that of a cat. 狗的智慧比猫的高得多。狗的智慧比猫的高得多。 a grandparent a grandparents job is easier than

13、 that of a s job is easier than that of a parent. parent. 祖父母的任务比父母的任务要轻松一些。祖父母的任务比父母的任务要轻松一些。 those those用作替代词主要作于替代复数名词，表特指。用作替代词主要作于替代复数名词，表特指。 it its up to us to help those in need. s up to us to help those in need. 我们有责任帮助那些有困难的人。我们有责任帮助那些有困难的人。 it is said that those who eat the most are it is

14、said that those who eat the most are the least healthy. the least healthy. 据说吃得最多的人身体最差。据说吃得最多的人身体最差。 only those who had booked in advance were only those who had booked in advance were allowed in. allowed in. 只有那些预先订票的人可以进去。只有那些预先订票的人可以进去。8 注：替代词注：替代词thatthat与代词与代词itit的用的用法不同，法不同，itit主要指前面提到的主要指前面提

15、到的“同一同一”事物，而事物，而thatthat是指前是指前面提到的面提到的“同类同类”事物。同样事物。同样地，替代词地，替代词thosethose与代词与代词theythey用用法也不同，法也不同，theythey主要指前面提主要指前面提到的到的“同一同一”事物，而事物，而thatthat是是指前面提到的指前面提到的“同类同类”事物。事物。9 替代词替代词onesones与与the onesthe ones的用法区别的用法区别 ones ones主要用于替代复数名词，表泛指；若需主要用于替代复数名词，表泛指；若需特指，则用特指，则用the onesthe ones。如：。如： if you

16、haven if you havent got a big plate, two t got a big plate, two small ones will do. small ones will do. 如果没有大盘子，两个小盘也行。如果没有大盘子，两个小盘也行。 we still have shortcomings, and very we still have shortcomings, and very big ones too. big ones too. 我们还有缺点，而且是很大的缺点。我们还有缺点，而且是很大的缺点。 do you know the ones who moved

17、 here do you know the ones who moved here recently? recently? 你认识最近搬到这儿来的那些人吗你认识最近搬到这儿来的那些人吗? ? the top front teeth are the ones which the top front teeth are the ones which are most at risk from tooth decay. are most at risk from tooth decay. 上门齿是最容易受到腐蚀的牙齿。上门齿是最容易受到腐蚀的牙齿。10 关系代词关系代词asas与与whichwhic

18、h的用法区别的用法区别 引导非限制性定语从句时，有时两者可互换。如：引导非限制性定语从句时，有时两者可互换。如： i live a long way from work, as which you i live a long way from work, as which you know. know. 我住得离工作单位很远，这你是知道的。我住得离工作单位很远，这你是知道的。 1. 1. 通常要用通常要用asas的场合的场合 当从句位于主句前面时，只用当从句位于主句前面时，只用 as as。如：。如： as is known to everybody, the moon travels as

19、is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. round the earth once every month. 月球每月绕地球转一周，这是每个人都清楚的。月球每月绕地球转一周，这是每个人都清楚的。 用于用于such, as, the samesuch, as, the same后引导限制性定语从后引导限制性定语从句时，只能用句时，只能用asas。如：。如： i never heard such stories as he tells. i never heard such stories a

20、s he tells. 我从未听过他讲那样的故事。我从未听过他讲那样的故事。 this is the photo which shows my house. this is the photo which shows my house. 这张照片拍的是我的住宅。这张照片拍的是我的住宅。11 2. 2. 两者的细微区别两者的细微区别 asas引导的非限制性定语从句应与主句在意义上和引导的非限制性定语从句应与主句在意义上和谐一致，谐一致，whichwhich无此限制。如：无此限制。如： he went abroad, as which was expected. he went abroad, a

21、s which was expected. 他出国了，这是大家预料到的。他出国了，这是大家预料到的。 he went abroad, which was unexpected. he went abroad, which was unexpected. 他出国了，这让大家感到很意外。他出国了，这让大家感到很意外。( (不用不用as)as) asas引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词通常不能是引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词通常不能是主句中某个具体的词，而应是整个句子、整个短语主句中某个具体的词，而应是整个句子、整个短语或某个短语推断出来的概念，而或某个短语推断出来的概念，而which which 则

22、无此限制。则无此限制。如：如： the river, which flows through london, is the river, which flows through london, is called the thames. called the thames. 这条流经伦敦的河叫泰晤士河。这条流经伦敦的河叫泰晤士河。( (不用不用as)as)12 当当asas引导非限制性定语从句作主语时，引导非限制性定语从句作主语时，其谓语通常应是连系动词，而不宜是其他其谓语通常应是连系动词，而不宜是其他动词，而动词，而 which which则无此限制。如：则无此限制。如： she has m

23、arried again, as which she has married again, as which seemed natural. seemed natural. 她又结婚了，这似乎很她又结婚了，这似乎很自常。自常。 she has married again, which she has married again, which delighted us. delighted us. 她又结婚了，这使我们很她又结婚了，这使我们很高兴。高兴。( (不用不用as)as)13 替代词替代词oneone与与the onethe one的用法区别的用法区别 one one 用作替代词主要用于

24、替代用作替代词主要用于替代“a a单数可数名单数可数名词词”，表泛指；若需特指，则用，表泛指；若需特指，则用 the one the one。如：。如： a fast train is one that goes fast. a fast train is one that goes fast. 快车是一种行驶快的火车。快车是一种行驶快的火车。 the accident was similar to one that the accident was similar to one that happened in 2008. happened in 2008. 这个事故与发生在这个事故与发生在

25、20082008年的事年的事故类似。故类似。 open the drawer on the left, the one with a open the drawer on the left, the one with a key in it. key in it. 打开左边的抽屉，上面有钥匙的那个。打开左边的抽屉，上面有钥匙的那个。 here are six rings. pick out the one you here are six rings. pick out the one you like best. like best. 这里有六枚戒指，选出你最喜欢的一这里有六枚戒指，选出你最

26、喜欢的一枚。枚。 i want very much to see these films, i want very much to see these films, especially the one you mentioned. especially the one you mentioned. 我很想看这些电影，特别是你提到的那一部。我很想看这些电影，特别是你提到的那一部。 注：注：the onethe one与与thatthat均可表特指，但前者只用于替均可表特指，但前者只用于替代单数可数名词，而后者则可用于替代可数或不可代单数可数名词，而后者则可用于替代可数或不可数名词。数名词。14

27、 no one, nobodyno one, nobody与与none none 的用法区别的用法区别 1. 1. 从所指代的名词来看从所指代的名词来看 no one=nobodyno one=nobody，两者均只能指人不指物，且其后不可接表，两者均只能指人不指物，且其后不可接表示范范围的示范范围的ofof短语；而短语；而none none 既可指人也可指物，且其后通既可指人也可指物，且其后通常要接表示范围的常要接表示范围的ofof短语。如：短语。如： almost no one nobody believed her. almost no one nobody believed her.

28、几乎没有人相信她的话。几乎没有人相信她的话。 none of the keys would open the door. none of the keys would open the door. 这些钥匙哪一把也开不开这个门。这些钥匙哪一把也开不开这个门。 2. 2. 从单复数意义来看从单复数意义来看 no one=nobodyno one=nobody均表示单数意义，用作主语时，谓语动词也均表示单数意义，用作主语时，谓语动词也用单数；而用单数；而nonenone用作主语时，若指不可数名词，谓语只能用作主语时，若指不可数名词，谓语只能用单数，若指可数名词，则谓语可用单数用单数，若指可数名词，

29、则谓语可用单数( (较正式较正式) )也可用也可用复数复数( (用于非正式文体用于非正式文体) )。如：。如： none of this money is mine. none of this money is mine. 这钱都不是我的。这钱都不是我的。 none of my friends is are interested. none of my friends is are interested. 我的朋友没有一个感兴趣。我的朋友没有一个感兴趣。15 3. 3. 从否定的范围来看从否定的范围来看 nonenone通常否定的是一种数量，即指数量上通常否定的是一种数量，即指数量上“一个也一

30、个也没有没有”，而，而 no one no one 或或 nobody nobody 则往往表示一种全则往往表示一种全面否定，即指面否定，即指“谁都没有谁都没有”。如：如： i wanted some more coffee but there was none i wanted some more coffee but there was none left. left. 我想再喝点咖啡，但一点都不剩了。我想再喝点咖啡，但一点都不剩了。 you mustnst spend so much money. yousll you mustnst spend so much money. yousl

31、l soon have none left. soon have none left. 你不要花这么多钱，很快你就会一文莫名的。你不要花这么多钱，很快你就会一文莫名的。 “is there any milk left?” “no, there is “is there any milk left?” “no, there is none left.” none left.” “还有没有剩下牛奶？还有没有剩下牛奶？”“”“没有，一点儿也没剩。没有，一点儿也没剩。”注：正因为注：正因为nonenone否定的是一种数量，所以在回答否定的是一种数量，所以在回答 how many how many 或或

32、 how much how much 的提问时，通常用的提问时，通常用 none none，而在回答而在回答 who who 的提问时，通常用的提问时，通常用 no one no one 或或 nobodynobody。16 2. 2. 常用惯用表达常用惯用表达 one.the otherone.the other表示表示“(“(两者中的两者中的) )一个一个另一个另一个”。如：如： what i say goes in at one ear and out at what i say goes in at one ear and out at the other. the other. 我说

33、话他是一只耳朵进，另一只耳朵出。我说话他是一只耳朵进，另一只耳朵出。 one.the othersone.the others表示表示“(“(好几个中的好几个中的) )一一个个其余都其余都”。如：如： of their five children, one is in china of their five children, one is in china and the others are abroad. and the others are abroad. 他们有五个小孩，一个在中国，其余的都在国外。他们有五个小孩，一个在中国，其余的都在国外。 注：若为三者，想要表示注：若为三者，想要

34、表示“一个一个另一个另一个剩下的一个剩下的一个”，可用，可用one.another.the one.another.the other the third.other the third.；若为四者，可用；若为四者，可用one.another.another a third.the one.another.another a third.the other the fourth, the lastother the fourth, the last。17 some.the otherssome.the others表示表示“一些一些其他一其他一些的些的”。如：如： the search par

35、ty was divided into two the search party was divided into two groups. some went to the right, the groups. some went to the right, the others went to the left. others went to the left. 搜寻小组一分为搜寻小组一分为二，一部分向右，另一部分人向左。二，一部分向右，另一部分人向左。 someotherssomeothers表示表示“有的有的有的有的”。如：如： some people build while other

36、s destroy. some people build while others destroy. 有些人建设而另一些人则破坏。有些人建设而另一些人则破坏。 注：该结构也可说成注：该结构也可说成somesomesomesome。如：如： some of us agree, some disagree. some of us agree, some disagree. 我们有些人同意，有些人不同意。我们有些人同意，有些人不同意。18 有关人称代词排序的几点说明有关人称代词排序的几点说明 请看下面这个句子：请看下面这个句子： _ are of the same age. _ are of the same age. a. you, he and i a. you, he and i b. ib. i，you and heyou and he c. ic. i，he and youhe