过去式过去分词构成

1、构成1规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：(1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“-ed ”。（然而要注意的是，过去分词并不是过去式）work-worked-worked, visit-visited-visited(2)以不发音的“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d ”。live-lived-lived(3)以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ，再加“-ed”。studystudiedstudied,crycriedcried,trytriedtried,fryfriedfried.(4)重

2、读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母（r、y、x除外），先双写该辅音字母，再加“-ed”。stopstoppedstopped,dropdroppeddropped· 特例：有两类动词本身应该直接加“ed”，但由于历史习惯，依旧要双写最后一个字母，再加“ed”。以“元音字母+l”非重读结尾的规则动词变过去分词也要双写“l",再加“ed”。例如cancelcancelled，dialdialled。另外还有一些以非重读闭音节结尾的规则动词变过去分词也要双写最后一个辅音字母,再加“ed”。例如：kidnapkidnapped，worshipworshipped。而上述两种情况在美

3、国一般却直接加“ed”。AAA型即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。（共9个）costcostcost cutcutcut hithithit hurthurthurt letletlet putputput readreadread(read的原形和过去式、过去分词读音不同) set-set-set shut-shut-shutABB型过去式、过去分词相同。（共42个）1过去式和过去分词都含有 -ought。（4个）bringbroughtbroughtbuyboughtboughtthinkthoughtthoughtfightfoughtfought2词尾有-ild，-end时，只需把d

4、变为t。（4个）buildbuiltbuiltlendlent lentsendsentsentspendspent spent3过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught。（2个）catchcaughtcaughtteachtaughttaught4把-eep、-eel变为-ept、-elt。（4个）keepkeptkeptsleepsleptsleptsweep sweptsweptfeelfelt felt5把-ell变为-old。（2个）telltoldtoldsellsoldsold6把-ell、-ill变为-elt或-ilt。（3个）smellsmeltsmeltspellspeltsp

5、eltspillspiltspilt7把-eed、-ead、-eet变为-ed或-et。（4个）feedfedfedleadledledspeedspedspedmeetmetmet8过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。（5个）learnlearntlearntmeanmeantmeantspoilspoiltspoiltburnburntburntdreamdreamtdreamt9过去式、过去分词词尾去y变-id（4个）saysaidsaidpaypaidpaidlaylaidlaidhearheardheard10改变元音字母。（12个）meetmetmetfeedfedfedgetgot

6、gotsitsatsatfindfoundfoundholdheldheldspitspatspatshineshoneshonewinwonwonhanghunghungdig dugdugloselostlost11改变辅音字母。（4个）makemademadebuildbuiltbuiltsendsentsentspendspentspent12改变元、辅音字母。（4个）leaveleftleftstandstoodstoodhave/hashadhadunderstandunderstoodunderstoodABC型原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。（共39个）1iau变化。（7个）b

7、eginbeganbegundrinkdrankdrunksing sangsungringrangrungswimswamswumsink sanksunkspringsprangsprung2词尾为-ow，-aw时，过去式将其变为-ew，过去分词在其原形后加n。（5个）blowblewblowndrawdrewdrawngrow grewgrownknowknewknownthrowthrewthrown（show除外）3词尾为“i+辅（1个）+e”，过去式将i变为o，过去分词多在原形后加n，若那个辅音字母为d或t，须双写d或t后加n。（4个）（give，hide除外）drivedrove

8、drivenwritewrotewrittenride roderiddenriseroserisen4过去分词在过去式后加n。（3个）wakewokewokenspeak-spoke-spokensteal-stole-stolen5过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。（2个）get-got-gotten/gotforgetforgotforgotten6过去分词由原形加（e）n构成。（6个）bewas（were）beeneatateeatenfallfellfallengivegavegivenseesawseenhidehidhidden（hid）7词尾为-ake时，过去式将其变为-ook，

9、过去分词在原形词后加-n。（2个）taketooktakenmistakemistookmistaken8原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。（6个）dodiddoneflyflewflowngowentgonelielaylainshowshowedshownwearworeworn9词尾为-eak时，过去式将其变为-oke，过去分词在过去式后加-n。（2个）breakbrokebrokenspeakspokespoken10词中间为“oo+辅（1个）+e”或“ee+辅（1个）+e”，过去式将oo、ee变为o，过去分词在过去式后加-n。（2个）choosechosechosenfreezefro

10、zefrozenAAB型过去式和原形相同。（1个）beatbeatbeatenABA型过去分词和原形相同。（共3个）1.词中间为“o+辅+e”时，过去式将o变为a。（2个）comecamecomebecomebecamebecome2.uau变化。（1个）run ranrun情态动词型(除must)只有原形和过去式，没有过去分词。（共4个）cancould maymight willwould shallshould must 既没有过去式也没有过去分词常用过去分词begin（开始） began begundrink（喝） drank drunkring（铃响） rang rungsing （

11、唱） sang sungswim（游泳） swam swumblow（吹） blew blowndraw（画） drew drawnfly（飞） flew flowngrow（生长） grew grownknow（知道） knew knownthrow（投掷） threw thrownshow（出示） showed shownbreak（打破） broke brokenchoose（选择） chose chosenforget（忘记） forgot forgotten (forgot)speak（说，讲） spoke spokenwake（醒） woke wokendrive（驾驶） drov

12、e driveneat（吃） ate eatenfall（落下） fell fallengive（给） gave givenrise（升高） rose risentake（取） took takenride（骑） rode riddenwrite（写） wrote writtendo（做） did donego（去） went gonelie（平躺） lay lainsee（看见） saw seenwear （穿） wore worn不规则的动词cost（花费）cost costcut（割） cut cuthit（打） hit hithurt（伤害） hurt hurtlet（让）

13、let letput（放） put putread（读） read read其他特殊情况动词原形 过去式 过去分词arise arose arisenawake awoke/awaked awokenbe was/were beenbear bore borne(携带)/born(出生)beat beat beatenbecome became becomebegin began begunbefall befell befallenbend bent bentbet bet betbind bound boundbite bit bitten/bitbleed bled bledblend

14、blended blentbless blessed blestblow blew blownbreak broke brokenbreed bred bredbring brought broughtbroadcast broadcast/broadcasted broadcast/broadcastedbuild built builtburn burnt/burned burnt/burnedburst burst burstbuy bought boughtcast cast castcatch caught caughtchoose chose chosencleave clove/

15、cleft cloven/cleftcling clung clungclothe clothed/clad clothed/cladcome came comecost cost costcreep crept creptcrow crowed/crew crowedcut cut cutdare dared/durst dareddeal dealt dealtdig dug dugdo did donedraw drew drawndream dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreameddrink drank drunkdrive drove drivendwell dwe

16、lt dwelteat ate eatenfall fell fallenfeed fed fedfeel felt feltfight fought foughtfind found foundflee fled fledfling flung flungfly flew flownforbid forbade/forbad forbiddenforecast forecast/forecasted forecast/forecastedforget forgot forgottenforgive forgave forgivenfreeze froze frozengainsay gain

17、said gainsaidget got gottengild gilded/gilt gildedgird girded/girt girded/girtgive gave givengo went gonegrave graved graven/gravedgrind ground groundgrow grew grownhang hung/hanged hung/hangedhave had hadhear heard heardheave heaved/hove hesved/hovehide hid hiddenhit hit hithold held heldhurt hurt

18、hurtkeep kept keptkneel knelt kneltknow knew knownlade laded ladenlay laid laidlead led ledlean leant/leaned leant/leanedleap leapt/leaped leapt/leapedlearn learnt/learned learnt/learnedleave left leftlend lent lentlet let letlie(躺) lay lainlie(撒谎) lied liedlight lit/lighted lit/lightedlose lost los

19、tmake made mademean meant meantmeet met metmelt melted meited/moltenmistake mistook mistakenmisunderstand misunderstood misunderstoodoutgrow outgrew outgrownovercome overcame overcomeoversee oversaw overseenpay paid paidprove proved proved/provenput put putquit quitted/quit quitted/quitread read rea

20、drend rent rentride rode riddenring rang rungrise rose risenrive rived riven/rivedrun ran runsaw sawed sawn/sawedsay said saidsee saw seenseek sought soughtsell sold soldsend sent sentset set setsew sewed sewn/sewedshake shook shakenshave shaved shaved/shavenshear sheared sheared/shornshed shed shed

21、shine shone shoneshoe shod shodshoot shot shotshow showed shown/showedshrink shrank/shrunk shrunk/shrunkenshrive shrove/shrived shriven/shrivedshut shut shutsing sang sungsink sank/sunk sunk/sunkensit sat satslay slew slainsleep slept sleptslide slid slidsling slung slungslink slunk slunkslit slit slitsmell smelt/smelled smelt/smelledsmite smote smittensow sowed sown/sowedspeak spoke spokenspeed sped/speeded sped/speededspell spelt/spel