英语论文互动教学法在高中英语课堂导入环节中的应用

1、 本科生毕业论文（设计）册 学院 XXX学院 专业 英语教育 班级 XXXX级英语教育X班 学生 XXX 指导教师 XXX XXXX大学本科毕业论文（设计）任务书编 号： 论文（设计）题目： 互动教学法在高中英语课堂导入环节中的应用 学院： XXX学院 专业： 英语教育 班级： XXXX级英语教育X班 学生姓名： XXXX 学号： XXXX 指导教师： XXX 职称：XX 1、 论文（设计）研究目标及主要任务本论文的研究目标是探究互动教学法在高中英语课堂导入环节中的重要作用以及应用的有效性。其主要任务是通过结合导入和互动教学法的相关理论研究和实际应用情况指导高效的高中英语课堂教学导入。2、论文

2、（设计）的主要内容本论文分为五章，第一章分析导入的意义和现阶段存在的问题，介绍本研究的目标和本论文的安排，第二章介绍国内外对导入和互动教学法的研究，第三章介绍将互动教学法应用于高中课堂导入阶段的重要性，第四章介绍应用中具体的设计活动和作者的一个小实验，最后一章对全文做了总结。3、论文（设计）的基础条件及研究路线 本论文的基础条件是国内外不同的语言学家及教育学家对互动教学法和课堂导入的研究结果。研究路线是对现阶段课堂导入和互动教学法的作用从不同的角度进行详细的阐述，并将互动法应用在高中英语课堂导入环节中，证实其有效性。4、主要参考文献Cooper, J. M. 1992. Classroom T

3、eaching Skills. America: D. C. Health and Company.Krashen, S. 1986. Language Acquisition and Language Education. London: Cambridge University Press. Rivers, W. 1987. Interaction as the Key to Language Teaching for Communication. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 胡淑珍等， 1996，教学技能，长沙：湖南师范大学出版社。李如密

4、， 2000， 教学艺术论， 济南：山东教育出版社。5、计划进度阶段起止日期1确定初步论文题目3月16日前2与导师见面，确定大致范围，填开题报告和任务书，导师签字3月16日-3月23日3提交论文提纲3月23日-3月30日4交初稿和文献综述3月30日-4月20日5交终稿和评议书5月8日前指 导 教师： 年 月 日教研室主任： 年 月 日 XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）开题报告书XXX 学院 英语教育 专业 XXXX 届学生姓名XXX论文（设计）题目互动教学法在高中英语课堂导入环节中的应用指导教师XXX专业职称 XX所属教研室英语高年级教研室研究方向教学法与语言学课题论证：从理论和实践两方面论

5、证互动教学法的作用及其在高中英语课堂教学导入环节中的应用。方案设计：第一章前言分析导入的意义和现阶段存在的问题，介绍本研究的目标和本论文的安排，第二章介绍国内外对导入和互动教学法的研究，第三章介绍将互动教学法应用于高中课堂导入阶段的重要性，第四章介绍应用中具体的设计活动和作者的一个小实验，第五章对全文做了总结。进度计划：3月16日前确定初步论文题目 3月23日前写开题报告、任务书3月30日前提交论文提纲4月20日前提交初稿和文献综述5月8日前交终稿和评议书指导教师意见： 指导教师签名： 年 月 日教研室意见： 教研室主任签名： 年 月 日XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）评议书姓 名XXX学院

6、XXX学院专业英语教育年级（班）XXXX级英语教育X班论 文 题 目互动教学法在高中英语课堂导入环节的应用完成时间XXX5/8论文内容摘要课堂教学是使用最为广泛也是最有效的英语教育形式，这其中导入是课堂教学的第一个环节也是不可或缺的一部分，它在课堂活动中的作用不可小视。然而, 到目前为止国内有关高中英语课堂教学导入这一环节的研究远远不够，它们大多数停留在理论总结的层面上，而及理论和实证调查于一身的全面研究则较少。基于课堂导入目前的情况，本文引入了互动教学法，并探究它在高中英语课堂导入环节的有效应用。 作者采用课堂观察的方法来证明将互动教学法应用于高中英语课堂导入环节的有效性。被试者是河北省石家

7、庄市平山外国语中学高一年级一二班的全体学生，作者在同一时间段教授这两个拥有相似学习背景的班级，历时一个学期。经过一个学期后，两个班级的学生在课堂表现上产生明显区别，学生在英语熟练水平提高方面也拉出了距离。同时，实验班的学生在学习的过程中更加专心愉悦。总之，经过研究作者可以得出这个结论：应用于高中英语课堂导入环节的互动教学法比传统教学方法更加有效。 指导教师评语 年 月 日指 导 教 师职称初评成绩答辩小组姓名职称教研室组长成员答辩记录： 记录人签字： 年 月 日答辩小组意见： 组长签字： 年 月 日学院意见： 评定成绩： 签章 年 月 日XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）文献综述Literat

8、ure ReviewIn the west, C.Turney (1975) mentions the functions of lead-in in his book Sydney Micro Skills as follows: gaining attention, arousing motivation, building up teaching targets, defining learning tasks and establishing links. To him, it is of great significance to draw students attention an

9、d stir up their longing for knowledge at the very beginning of the English class so that they can play a positive role in their learning, reach an active mental state and know about the general study objectives of the new lesson. Lead-in ought to set up natural links between the previous acquired kn

10、owledge and new information, which helps teachers introduce the new lesson smoothly. Roger Gower and Steve Walters (1983: 221-224) also made some relevant studies on various techniques of lead-in that should be applied to begin a lesson and they presented many examples. They claim that teachers shou

11、ld employ different methods of lead-in according to different contents to draw students attention, thus the classroom lead-in activities can be implemented availably. (Li Ruiling 2008) For instance, teachers can socialize classroom activities by adopting free talk so as to consolidate students under

12、standing of the new knowledge by applying relatively familiar topics in daily life such as Internet, friends, holidays and so on. Teachers can also lead students inductively at the very beginning of a new lesson, which is meant to attract students attention in a clear and concise way. They can write

13、 down a short task on the board for students in order to make them pay close attention to the content to be learned. These methods can easily arouse students interest to learn, relax classroom atmosphere, reach a friendly relationship between the teacher and students and relieve students tension and

14、 anxiety, thus the classroom activities can be carried out more effectively.Jean Piaget (1987), a Swiss psychologist focusing on researches relative to characteristics, process as well as regular patterns of thinking origin and development pointed out that an effective or ineffective lead-in directl

15、y influences the accomplishment of classroom tasks. James M. Cooper (1992) also stated that the ultimate objective of lead-in is to attract students interest in English learning and promote their intrinsic motivation to join in the classroom activities. Willis (1996) held the opinion that the task-b

16、ased classroom teaching is made up of three parts: pre-task, task and post-task. Lead-in belongs to a part of pre-task, in which stage the teacher plays a role of leading students to the new lesson naturally and effectively. That is to say, lead-in is the transitional stage that makes preparation fo

17、r the entire classroom teaching. Arends (1998) thought that lead-in stressed on the construction of the classroom teaching because it has a deep influence on students learning motivation. Up to now, a good number of educators and researchers have argued that all kinds of methods should be employed i

18、n the beginning of the class because of various effects of lead-in on the whole classroom teaching such as drawing students attention, arousing students curiosity, creating a comfortable learning atmosphere, bridging up the gap between the known and unknown and finally making sure of a smooth beginn

19、ing of the new lesson, which is significant for improving the effectiveness of teaching results. When western scholars conducted the research of the lead-in stage of classroom teaching, a great many domestic researchers and scholars also did some studies on lead-in and articles concerned with this i

20、ssue from different aspects were published. The studies are enumerated as follows.Ma Junming (1996) pointed out that the lead-in stage should be valued to draw students' attention firmly in the beginning order to stimulate and cultivate students interest in the new courses in the classroom teach

21、ing. Hu Shuzhen (1996) claimed that lead-in, one of the most necessary parts of classroom teaching, can also be considered as lecture-starting. It is a critical stage of classroom teaching in which the teacher instructs students to grasp the major points of teaching materials. It is an activity that

22、 guides students into a state in which they are willing to study new knowledge by filling in the gap between the new content and the teaching context. Lead-in can regularly be adopted by the teacher at the very beginning of the class, while sometimes it can also be employed throughout the whole clas

23、s. She also elaborated on the functions, styles, categories and basic requirements of lead-in. In the same time, Yan Chengli (1996) did some researches on perfecting the lead-in art as well. He put forward several principles that should be observed to design the lead-in language in a new lesson. In

24、addition, he proposed some optimum means of lead-in that have great influence on teaching efficiency in certain subjects of classroom teaching. Li Rumi (2000) also laid emphasis on the art of lead-in and regarded it as the first hammer knocking on students brain or as the magnet attracting them deep

25、ly. That is, lead-in plays a significant role in classroom teaching because effective lead-in can provide students with a good mental state so that they can have a quick access to the classroom situation and the specific atmosphere of the new courses naturally. He also indicated that diverse feature

26、s of lead-in had different effects on classroom teaching. Zhang Jianzhong (2001:222-223) summarized four stages in Foreign Language Teaching according to foreign language teaching process. They are cognition, comprehension, consolidation and application. Cognition, the first stage of English languag

27、e teaching, is also received by means of lead-in. Successful lead-in is helpful for students to penetrate the theme of new courses and re- build knowledge to meet the psychological and cognitive needs in order to acquire knowledge quickly. Hu Qingfang (2007:119) insisted on lead-in as a behavior of

28、starting new courses, which not only emphasized on nature or smoothness but also on the pursuit of artistic quality. Ma Youwen (2008:1-2) indicated that lectures within the first three minutes of the class decide whether the lesson is a success or not. A successful lead-in can enhance the classroom

29、cohesion so as to make the classroom teaching more effective.Generally speaking, systematic studies on Interactive Teaching Approach originated from last century. There were already classroom interactive activities in the traditional teaching process at that time, but they were only the most simple

30、and primary ask-and-answer activities usually neglected by researchers. Specifically speaking, Interactive Teaching Approach has been studied abroad since over twenty years ago. Linguists such as Brown, Ellis and Rivers made some studies on Interactive Teaching Approach from different perspectives r

31、espectively. Brown (2001:159) defined that interaction is two or more peoples collaborative exchange of thoughts, ideas, or feelings, which results in a mutual effect on each other. According to Ellis (1994), this teaching model, which was interactive, was a significant change and trend in second la

32、nguage teaching. In addition, Hymes gave the concept and relative theories of “communicative competence” which emphasized the importance of interaction between human beings in different situations designed for classroom teaching. Rivers (1987:4-5) claimed that in an interactive classroom the teacher

33、 and students should not only express their own ideas but also comprehend those of others. Through interaction, students can pile up and consolidate their language store as they use what they have possessed of the language including all they have learned or even casually absorbed in classroom intera

34、ction. Many other scholars also did some researches on this teaching model in practical perspective and realized the significance of applying it to the central link of classroom teaching. It is safe to say that researches on interactive learning and teaching abroad have been in the ripe phase. In Ch

35、ina, studies on interactive language teaching were undertaken relatively late in the 1980s. Researches on Interactive Teaching Approach are still at the primary level and most of the ideas proposed are selected, quoted and translated from literature abroad. As the domestic education level improves,

36、English teaching has been valued and English classroom interaction has drawn the attention of many researchers. A lot of English teachers accept and adopt the CA (Communicative Approach) to help improve students communicative competence. Thus, Interactive Teaching Approach, an important form of teac

37、hing method under CA, becomes the study focus of modern English teaching. Among the numerous studies on Interactive Teaching Approach in China, Wen Qiufangs (1993) occupy a prominent position. Her conception of learning refers to obtaining knowledge through interaction and her strategy of learning i

38、nvolves regulating interactive activities. It can also be confirmed in her experiment that students different in classroom interaction are distinguished in their English proficiency. A number of scholars also have introduced the principles of Interactive Teaching Approach though those studies only i

39、nvolve the theoretical bases and practical principles of interactive teaching model which are generally the review of the related literature. In addition, researchers such as An Jichun (2004) and Lu Wenxia (2006) have introduced their own experiences of using Interactive Teaching Approach. Their stu

40、dies have mainly described how they apply the interactive teaching model to English teaching concretely, what teaching effect they have achieved as well as what they have learned in the process of employing Interactive Teaching Approach. They have carried out experiments to prove the effectiveness o

41、f Interactive Teaching Approach as well. After years of practice, it turns out that the teaching method adopted is available and beneficial for both teachers and students according to students reaction and reflection in the teaching procedure.The researches reviewed above share one common point. All

42、 the scholars mentioned believe that Interactive Teaching Approach which has a direct impact over teachers teaching and students learning efficiency is an important method in classroom teaching and kinds of interactive activities frequently used in subject teaching are recommended. Its function can

43、not be replaced. Therefore, teachers should keep a watchful eye on the central stages of a new lesson and make full use of the classroom interaction to stimulate students learning motivation.本科生毕业论文设计题目： 互动教学法在高中英语课堂导入环节中的应用作者姓名： XXX 指导教师： XXX 所在学院： XXX学院 专业（系）： 英语教育 班级（届）： XXX届 完成日期 XXXX 年 5 月 8 日

44、Application of Interactive Teaching Approach to the Lead-in Stage in Senior High School English ClassBYXXX Prof. XXX, TutorA Thesis Submitted to Department of English English Education in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of B.A. in English AtXXXXUniversityMay 8th, XXXXAbstractC

45、lassroom teaching is the most widely used and effective form of English education. Lead-in is the first stage of the classroom teaching as well as an indispensable part whose function should not be underestimated in classroom activities. However, studies related to the lead-in stage in senior high s

46、chool English class in China are far from enough until now. Most of them remain at the level of theoretical summary rather than the complete study including both theoretical and empirical investigations. Due to the recent situation, this thesis brings in Interactive Teaching Approach and explores th

47、e effective application of it to the lead-in stage in senior high school English class. The author employs the method of classroom observation in order to prove the effectiveness of applying Interactive Teaching Approach to the lead-in stage in senior high school English class. Subjects are the whol

48、e students in Class 1 and Class 2, Grade 1 of Pingshan Foreign Language Senior High School in Shijiazhuang, Hebei. The author teaches these two classes with similar learning background at the same time for a semester. After a term, students in the two classes make an obvious distinction from each ot

49、her in their classroom performance and a gap comes up between two classes considering students improvement of English proficiency. Whats more, students in experimental class are more concentrated and pleasant in the learning process. In a word, the conclusion drawn is that Interactive Teaching Metho

50、d applied to the lead-in stage in senior high school English class is more effective than the traditional methods. Key Words: lead-in, Interactive Teaching Approach, effective teaching摘要课堂教学是使用最为广泛也是最有效的英语教育形式，这其中导入是课堂教学的第一个环节也是不可或缺的一部分，它在课堂活动中的作用不可小视。然而, 到目前为止国内有关高中英语课堂教学导入这一环节的研究远远不够，它们大多数停留在理论总结的

51、层面上，而及理论和实证调查于一身的全面研究则较少。基于课堂导入目前的情况，本文引入了互动教学法，并探究它在高中英语课堂导入环节的有效应用。 作者采用课堂观察的方法来证明将互动教学法应用于高中英语课堂导入环节的有效性。被试者是河北省石家庄市平山外国语中学高一年级一二班的全体学生，作者在同一时间段教授这两个拥有相似学习背景的班级，历时一个学期。经过一个学期后，两个班级的学生在课堂表现上产生明显区别，学生在英语熟练水平提高方面也拉出了距离。同时，实验班的学生在学习的过程中更加专心愉悦。总之，经过研究作者可以得出这个结论：应用于高中英语课堂导入环节的互动教学法比传统教学方法更加有效。关键词: 课堂导入

52、, 互动法教学, 有效教学Table of Contents1. Introduction11.1 Significance of the lead-in stage11.2 Problems of the lead-in stage21.3 Purpose of the study41.4 The arrangement of the thesis52. Literature Review62.1 Studies on lead-in62.1.1 Researches on lead-in abroad62.1.2 Researches on lead-in in China72.2 Stu

53、dies on Interactive Teaching Approach82.2.1 Researches on Interactive Teaching Approach abroad82.2.2 Researches on Interactive Teaching Approach in China93. The importance of applying Interactive Teaching Approach to the lead-in stage113.1 Theoretical background of lead-in113.1.1 Constructivist lear

54、ning theory113.1.2 Input theory123.2 Interpretation of Interactive Teaching Approach133.3 Characteristics of Interaction143.4 The importance of applying Interactive Teaching Approach to the lead-in stage of English teaching154. The application of Interactive Teaching Approach to the lead-in stage.174.1 Principal interactive activities in the lead-in stage.174.1.1 Role-play174.1.2 Information-gap.184.1.3 Discussion.194.1.4 Problem-solving