在 Oracle Linux 64 ORACLE RAC

1、在 Oracle Linux 6.4 上装配 Oracle 11gR2 - VMware + ASMwww.MyException.Cn   发布于：2013-10-18 20:53:13   浏览：30次0在 Oracle Linux 6.4 上安装 Oracle 11gR2 - VMware + ASM实验环境：OS: Oracle Linux Server release 6.4 x64Database: Oracle Database 11gR2 x64 (.0)VMware: VMware Workstati

2、on 9.0.0 build-812388实验步骤：1. 添加磁盘1.1. 编辑虚拟机配置1.2. 添加硬件1.3. 添加第一块硬盘1.4. 创建新的虚拟磁盘1.5. 选择磁盘类型1.6. 设置磁盘大小1.7. 完成1.8.添加第二块磁盘：重复步骤 171.9.2. 格式化磁盘磁盘添加完成后，启动虚拟机，作为 root 用户登录系统，格式化新添加的两块磁盘。磁盘格式化完成后，查看所有磁盘情况。3. 配置用户及用户组# groupadd oinstall# groupadd dba# groupadd oper# groupadd asmadmin# groupadd asmoper#

3、 groupadd asmdba# useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oracle# useradd -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba grid# echo oracle | passwd -stdin oracle# echo grid | passwd -stdin grid4. 配置 grid 和 oracle 用户的配置文件# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle# mkdir -p /u01/app/grid# mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid# ch

4、own -R grid:oinstall /u01# chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle# chmod -R 775 /u01-Oracle User-# export ORACLE_SID=orcl            # export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle# export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1# export TMP=/tmp        

5、           # export TMPDIR=$TMP                # export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin-Grid User-# export ORACLE_SID=+asm# export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid# export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid# export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin5

6、. 配置 udev 绑定的 scsi_id注意以下两点：5.1. 不同的操作系统，scsi_id 命令的位置不同。rootlocalhost # cat /etc/issueOracle Linux Server release 6.4Kernel r on an mrootlocalhost # which scsi_id/sbin/scsi_idrootlocalhost #5.2. 编辑 /etc/scsi_id.config 文件，如果该文件不存在，则创建该文件并添加如下行：rootlocalhost # cat /etc/scsi_id.config options=-whiteli

7、sted -replace-whitespacerootlocalhost #5.3. 如果是使用 VMware 虚拟机，直接输入 scsi_id 命令可能无法获取 id，需修改 VMware 文件参数。rootlocalhost # scsi_id -whitelisted -replace-whitespace -device=/dev/sdbrootlocalhost # scsi_id -whitelisted -replace-whitespace -device=/dev/sdcD:VMsOracle Database 11gR2Oracle Database 11gR2.vmx使

8、用文本编辑器编辑该文件，在尾部新增一行参数：disk.EnableUUID="TRUE"保存文件，启动虚拟机。rootlocalhost # scsi_id -whitelisted -replace-whitespace -device=/dev/sdb36000c29fe0fc917d7e9982742a28ce7crootlocalhost # scsi_id -whitelisted -replace-whitespace -device=/dev/sdc36000c293ffc0900fd932348de4b6baf8rootlocalhost #6. 创建并配置

9、 udev rules 文件rootlocalhost # vi /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rulesKERNEL="sd*", SUBSYSTEM="block", PROGRAM="/sbin/scsi_id -whitelisted -replace-whitespace -device=/dev/$name",RESULT="36000c29fe0fc917d7e9982742a28ce7c", NAME="asm-diskb", OW

10、NER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"KERNEL="sd*", SUBSYSTEM="block", PROGRAM="/sbin/scsi_id -whitelisted -replace-whitespace -device=/dev/$name",RESULT="36000c293ffc0900fd932348de4b6baf8", NAME="asm-diskc", OWNER=&qu

11、ot;grid",GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"根据步骤 5 获取的 ID 修改 RESULT 值7. 添加完成后，重启 udev，不同 Linux 发行版本重启方式不一样。rootlocalhost # start_udev Starting udev: OK rootlocalhost #8. 查看绑定的 asm，如果此时还是看不到 asm disk，请重启操作系统后再查看。rootlocalhost # ll /dev/asm*brw-rw- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 17 Oct 17 14:26

12、 /dev/asm-diskbbrw-rw- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 33 Oct 17 14:26 /dev/asm-diskc9. 编辑 /etc/security/limits.conf 文件，在文件尾部添加如下内容：rootlocalhost # tail -8 /etc/security/limits.conf oracle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536grid soft nproc 2047grid hard npro

13、c 16384grid soft nofile 1024grid hard nofile 65536rootlocalhost #10. 编辑 /etc/pam.d/login 文件，在文件尾部添加如下内容：rootlocalhost # tail -1 /etc/pam.d/login session required pam_limis.sorootlocalhost #11. 编辑 /etc/profile 文件，设置 shell 限制，在文件尾部添加如下内容：rootlocalhost # tail -9 /etc/profileif /$USER = "oracl

14、e" | /$USER = "grid" ; thenif /$SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ; thenulimit -p 16384ulimit -n 65536elseulimit -u 16384 -n 65536fiumask 022firootlocalhost #12. 编辑 /etc/hosts 文件，确认是否有如下内容，没有则添加：rootlocalhost # tail -1 /etc/hostslocalhostlocalhost.localdomainrootlocalhost #13.

15、为 Linux 系统配置本地 YUM 源13.1. 创建光盘挂载目录# mkdir /media/cdrom13.2. 编辑 /etc/fstab 文件，在文件尾部添加如下内容，以便开机自动挂载光盘：rootlocalhost # tail -1 /etc/fstab /dev/cdrom/media/cdromiso9660defaults0 0rootlocalhost #13.3. 挂载光盘rootlocalhost # mount -amount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-onlyrootlocal

16、host #13.4. 清空并编辑 YUM 源配置文件清空 /etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-ol6.repo 文件并新增以下内容：rootlocalhost # cp /etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-ol6.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-ol6.bakrootlocalhost # cat /etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-ol6.repool6_localname=Oracle Linux 6 Localbaseurl=file:/media/cdromgpgcheck=0enabled

17、=1rootlocalhost #13.5. 更新 YUM 源并安装 lrzsz 软件包，该软件包用于在虚拟主机和宿主机之间传送文件。rootlocalhost # yum install -y *sz*Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, securitySetting up Install ProcessResolving Dependencies-> Running transaction check-> Package lrzsz.x86_64 0:0.12.20-27.1.el6 will be installed-> Finish

18、ed Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved= Package Arch Version Repository Size=Installing: lrzsz x86_64 0.12.20-27.1.el6 ol6_local 70 kTransaction Summary=Install 1 Package(s)Total download size: 70 kInstalled size: 159 kDownloading Packages:Running rpm_check_debugRunning Transaction TestTransa

19、ction Test SucceededRunning Transaction Installing : lrzsz-0.12.20-27.1.el6.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : lrzsz-0.12.20-27.1.el6.x86_64 1/1 Installed: lrzsz.x86_64 0:0.12.20-27.1.el6 Complete!rootlocalhost #14. 通过 ZMODEM 上传文件 linux.x64_11gR2_grid.zip 至用户家目录 /home/grid/rootlocalhost # ll /home/grid/tot

20、al 1028228-rw-r-r- 1 root root 1052897657 Oct 16 13:22 linux.x64_11gR2_grid.ziprootlocalhost #15. 解压文件rootlocalhost grid# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_grid.ziprootlocalhost grid# lltotal 1028232drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 Aug 21 2009 grid-rw-r-r- 1 root root 1052897657 Oct 16 13:22 linux.x64_11gR2_grid.zip

21、rootlocalhost grid#16. 作为 grid 用户登录系统，执行安装程序。16.1. 检查安装脚本是否具有可执行权限gridlocalhost grid$ iduid=501(grid) gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba),503(asmadmin),504(asmoper),505(asmdba)gridlocalhost grid$ ll runInstaller -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3227 Aug 15 2009 runInstallergridlocalhost grid$如果无可执

22、行权限，执行以下命令进行授权：rootlocalhost # chown -R grid:oinstall /home/grid/grid/rootlocalhost # ll /home/grid/grid/runInstaller-rwxr-xr-x 1 grid oinstall 3227 Aug 15 2009 /home/grid/grid/runInstallerrootlocalhost #16.2. 执行安装脚本 /home/grid/grid/runInstallerXshell 会话设置如下：17. 安装过程gridlocalhost $ /home/grid/grid/r

23、unInstaller Starting Oracle Universal Installer.Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 38826 MB PassedChecking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 4095 MB PassedChecking monitor: must be configured to display at least 256 colors. Actual 16777216 PassedPreparing to launc

24、h Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2013-10-17_03-31-41PM. Please wait .gridlocalhost $...17.6.1. 检查安装条件17.6.2.执行修复脚本：rootlocalhost # /tmp/CVU_.0_grid/runfixup.sh Response file being used is :/tmp/CVU_.0_grid/fixup.responseEnable file being use

25、d is :/tmp/CVU_.0_grid/fixup.enableLog file location: /tmp/CVU_.0_grid/orarun.logSetting Kernel Parameters.kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128fs.file-max = 6815744net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 41943

26、04net.core.wmem_max = 1048576fs.aio-max-nr = 104857617.6.3. 安装缺失软件包# yum install -y package_name这些软件包其实已安装，只不过因为 Oracle Linux 6.4 自带的软件包版本高于检查版本，所以检查不通过，忽略即可。Oracle Linux 6.4 的安装光盘中无 pdksh 软件包，安装 ksh 软件包即可。# yum install -y ksh因为没有 NTP 时钟服务器，所以 NTP 检查不通过，忽略即可。.17.9. 安装时间较长，请耐心等待。

27、安装过程中会弹出对话框，提示你以 root 身份执行两个脚本：rootlocalhost # /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.shChanging permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.Adding read,write permissions for group.Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.The execution of the scri

28、pt is complete.rootlocalhost # /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.shRunning Oracle 11g root.sh script.The following environment variables are set as: ORACLE_OWNER= grid ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/11.2.0/gridEnter the full pathname of the local bin directory: /usr/local/bin: - 输入回车 Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin

29、 . Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin . Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin .Creating /etc/oratab file.Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed byDatabase Configuration Assistant when a database is createdFinished running generic part of root.sh script.Now product-specific root actions wi

30、ll be performed.To configure Grid Infrastructure for a Stand-Alone Server run the following command as the root user: - 单实例安装需执行以下脚本/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/bin/perl -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/lib -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/roothas.plTo configure Grid Infra

31、structure for a Cluster perform the following steps:1. Provide values for Grid Infrastructure configuration parameters in the file - /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params. For details on how to do this, see the installation guide.2. Run the following command as the root user: /u01/app/11

32、.2.0/grid/perl/bin/perl -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/lib -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/rootcrs.plTo update inventory properties for Grid Infrastructure, perform the followingsteps. If a pre-11.2 home is already configured, execute the following:11.2_Home/oui/bin/

33、runInstaller -updateNodeList -silent -local CRS=false ORACLE_HOME=pre-11.2_HomeAlways execute the following to register the current home:11.2_Home/oui/bin/runInstaller -updateNodeList -silent -local CRS=true ORACLE_HOME=11.2_Home.If either home is shared, provide the additional argument -cfs.rootloc

34、alhost # /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/bin/perl -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/lib -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/roothas.pl2013-10-17 16:18:19: Checking for super user privileges2013-10-17 16:18:19: User has super user privileges2013-10-17 16:18:19: Parsing the host na

35、meUsing configuration parameter file: /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_paramsCreating trace directory/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/clscfg.bin: error while loading shared libraries: libcap.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory - 报错Failed to create keys in the OLR, rc =

36、32512, 32512OLR configuration failedrootlocalhost #解决报错：17.9.1. 检查操作系统中 libcap.so 是否已安装如果是 64 位系统，i686 和 x86_64 都要安装。# yum install -y libcap*.i686# yum install -y libcap*.x86_64rootlocalhost # rpm -qa | grep libcaplibcap-ng-0.6.4-3.el6_0.1.i686libcap-2.16-5.5.el6.x86_64libcap-devel-2.16-5.5.el6.x86_

37、64libcap-devel-2.16-5.5.el6.i686libcap-ng-0.6.4-3.el6_0.1.x86_64libcap-2.16-5.5.el6.i686libcap-ng-devel-0.6.4-3.el6_0.1.i686libcap-ng-devel-0.6.4-3.el6_0.1.x86_64rootlocalhost # 17.9.2. 检查 libcap.so 文件rootlocalhost # ll /lib64/libcap.so*lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 Oct 17 16:28 /lib64/libcap.so -> l

38、ibcap.so.2lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 14 Oct 16 15:22 /lib64/libcap.so.2 -> libcap.so.2.16-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 19016 Oct 13 2011 /lib64/libcap.so.2.16rootlocalhost #17.9.3.rootlocalhost # ln -s /lib64/libcap.so.2.16 /lib64/libcap.so.1rootlocalhost # ll /lib64/libcap.so*lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 Oct

39、 17 16:28 /lib64/libcap.so -> libcap.so.2lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Oct 17 17:01 /lib64/libcap.so.1 -> /lib64/libcap.so.2.16lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 14 Oct 16 15:22 /lib64/libcap.so.2 -> libcap.so.2.16-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 19016 Oct 13 2011 /lib64/libcap.so.2.16rootlocalhost #17.9.4. 重新执行

40、60;/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh 脚本rootlocalhost # /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.shRunning Oracle 11g root.sh script.The following environment variables are set as: ORACLE_OWNER= grid ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/11.2.0/gridEnter the full pathname of the local bin directory: /usr/local/bin:The file "dbhome

41、" already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n)n: y - 输入 y 覆盖安装 Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin .The file "oraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n)n: y - 输入 y 覆盖安装 Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin .The file "coraenv" already exists in /usr/local

42、/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n)n: y - 输入 y 覆盖安装 Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin .Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed byDatabase Configuration Assistant when a database is createdFinished running generic part of root.sh script.Now product-specific root actions will be performed.To con

43、figure Grid Infrastructure for a Stand-Alone Server run the following command as the root user:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/bin/perl -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/lib -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/roothas.plTo configure Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster perform the f

44、ollowing steps:1. Provide values for Grid Infrastructure configuration parameters in the file - /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params. For details on how to do this, see the installation guide.2. Run the following command as the root user: /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/bin/perl -I/u01/app/11

45、.2.0/grid/perl/lib -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/rootcrs.plTo update inventory properties for Grid Infrastructure, perform the followingsteps. If a pre-11.2 home is already configured, execute the following:11.2_Home/oui/bin/runInstaller -updateNodeList -silent

46、-local CRS=false ORACLE_HOME=pre-11.2_HomeAlways execute the following to register the current home:11.2_Home/oui/bin/runInstaller -updateNodeList -silent -local CRS=true ORACLE_HOME=11.2_Home.If either home is shared, provide the additional argument -cfs.rootlocalhost # /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/bi

47、n/perl -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/lib -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/roothas.pl2013-10-17 17:04:58: Checking for super user privileges2013-10-17 17:04:58: User has super user privileges2013-10-17 17:04:58: Parsing the host nameUsing configuration parameter file:

48、 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_paramsImproper Oracle Clusterware configuration found on this hostDeconfigure the existing cluster configuration before starting - 报错to configure a new Clusterwarerun '/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -deconfig'to configure existing fail

49、ed configuration and then rerun root.sh17.9.5. 解决步骤 4) 中的错误rootlocalhost # /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/roothas.pl -verbose -delete -force2013-10-17 18:25:15: Checking for super user privileges2013-10-17 18:25:15: User has super user privileges2013-10-17 18:25:15: Parsing the host nameUsing conf

50、iguration parameter file: /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_paramsCRS-4639: Could not contact Oracle High Availability ServicesCRS-4000: Command Stop failed, or completed with errors.CRS-4639: Could not contact Oracle High Availability ServicesCRS-4000: Command Delete failed, or completed w

51、ith errors.CRS-4544: Unable to connect to OHASCRS-4000: Command Stop failed, or completed with errors./u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/acfsdriverstate: line 51: /lib/acfstoolsdriver.sh: No such file or directory/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/acfsdriverstate: line 51: exec: /lib/acfstoolsdriver.sh: cannot execute:

52、 No such file or directorySuccessfully deconfigured Oracle Restart stackrootlocalhost #17.9.6. 重新执行 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh 脚本rootlocalhost # /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.shRunning Oracle 11g root.sh script.The following environment variables are set as: ORACLE_OWNER= grid ORACLE_HOME= /

53、u01/app/11.2.0/gridEnter the full pathname of the local bin directory: /usr/local/bin:The file "dbhome" already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n)n: y Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin .The file "oraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n)n: y Copying

54、oraenv to /usr/local/bin .The file "coraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin. Overwrite it? (y/n)n: y Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin .Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed byDatabase Configuration Assistant when a database is createdFinished running generic part of ro

55、ot.sh script.Now product-specific root actions will be performed.To configure Grid Infrastructure for a Stand-Alone Server run the following command as the root user:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/bin/perl -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/perl/lib -I/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/roothas.plTo configure Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster perform the following steps:1. Provide values for Grid Infrastructure configuration parameters in the file - /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsco