探析室内空间绿色设计及绿化设计

1、 探析室内空间绿色设计及绿化设计摘要“绿色设计”核心理念就是符合生态环境良性循环的设计系统，其间需要攻克的难关难以数计，必须将绿色 设计作为行业发展的最终战略目标，只有在经过相当长的一个历史阶段的努力之后，才能最终实现室内的绿色 设计实现人类诗意地栖居于大地的理想。the core concept of "green design" is in line with the ecological environment benign cycle of design system, which need overcome through hard meter, green de

2、sign must be as the final goal of strategy of industry development, only after a long effort after a stage of history, can realize indoor green design - finally realize human poetically inhabit the earth. 关键词绿色设计绿化设计良性循环 keywords green design green design cycle 随着人民生活水平的逐步提高，生态环境意识的进一步觉醒，绿化设计将成为现代室内

3、设计不可或缺的重要组成部分。然而什么是绿色设计?在公众乃至业界的理解却不尽相同。我们有必要从现在起对绿色室内设计有一个全面的认识。with the improving gradually of people's living standards, further awakening consciousness of ecological environment, green design will become the indispensable important component of modern indoor design. however what is green des

4、ign? in the public and even the understanding of the industry is different. it is necessary for us from now on the green interior design have a comprehensive understanding. 一、“绿色室内设计”的提出a, "green" interior design is put forward 随着环保、节能、低碳和可持续发展意识的日益普及，人们对”绿色”的渴求已迅速渗透到各个领域，发展与人们的生活密切相关的绿色室内

5、环境更是其重要内容之一。于是，绿色设计便被提到亟待解决的议题上来。不少设计师转向更深层次上探索室内设计与人类可持续发展的关系，力图通过设计活动，在”人一社会一环境”之间建立起一种协调发展的机制。这种尝试性的设计创新。标志着室内设计发展的一次重大转变，于是”绿色设计”的概念应运而生，成为当今室内设计发展的主要趋势之一。as environmental protection, energy saving, low carbon and sustainable development awareness of growing popularity, people thirst for "g

6、reen" has rapidly penetrated into all areas, development is closely related to people's life of green indoor environment is one of the important content. therefore, green design mentioned issues to be resolved. many designers to deeper exploration of the interior design and the sustainable

7、development of human relations, tries to design activities, between "people" a social environment set up a mechanism of coordination development. the tentative design innovation. marked the interior design in the development of a major shift, so "green design" concept arises at t

8、he historic moment, become one of the main trends of the development of interior design today. 二、“绿色室内设计”的概念及内定second, the concept of "green" interior design, and the default 绿色设计从本质上来讲是宏观的战略概念。绿色室内设计是指能给人们提供一个环保、节能、安全、健康、方便、舒适的室内生活空间的设计，如室内布局、空间尺度、装饰材科、照明条件、色彩配置等都可以满足居住者生理、心理、卫生等方面的要求，并且能

9、充分利用能源、极大减少污染等等。green design in essence is the macro strategic concept. green interior design is to point to can give people a health, safety and environmental protection, energy saving, convenient and comfortable interior living space design, such as indoor layout, space dimension, decoration mater

10、ials, lighting conditions, the color configuration can meet occupant physiology, psychology, health and other aspects of the requirements, and can make full use of energy, greatly reduce pollution and so on. “绿色设计”，其核心就是符合生态环境良性循环的设计系统。室内设计仅作为微观的绿色设计之一，如何才能做到真正的“绿色室内”，不是简单的使用环保的材料、用点所谓的“绿色建材”就能达到的，它

11、涉及到设计的理念和思想、室内空间与气氛的营造、各种材料的选择及搭配、通风和温控、采光与照明等多方面的因素。"green design", its core is to conform to the ecological environment benign cycle of design system. interior design is only as one of the green design of micro, how to truly "green room", is not a simple use of environmentally

12、friendly materials, with so-called "green building materials" can achieve, it involves design concepts and ideas, interior space and atmosphere of the build, all kinds of material selection and collocation, ventilation and temperature control, lighting and lighting and so on various factor

13、s. 首先应从空间的概念进行实质的分析。任何一个空间都是三维的，而室内设计的基本着眼点永远是在期间生活、工作、活动的人。因此，室内设计的空间概念应该是四维的，而不是简单的二维的界面概念。空间和功能是室内设计的前提，室内空问是建筑空间的延续和发展，同时也是对空间组合的再分配。空间的尺度和均衡关系是室内设计需考虑的首要因素。而功能决定了空间，不同功能的空间有着相应的比例关系，处理好这些关系是室内设计的第一步。first of all should from the essence of the concept of the space analysis. any space is three-di

14、mensional, and interior design basic starting point is always in the life, work and activities during the period of people. therefore, the spatial concept of interior design should be four dimensions, rather than a simple 2 d interface concept. space and function is the premise of interior design, i

15、nterior air q is the continuation and development of architectural space, is also a redistribution of space combination. scale and equilibrium relationship of space is the interior design should be considered the primary factor. and functions determine the space, the space of different functions wit

16、h the corresponding proportion relations, deal with these relationships is the first step of interior design. 材料与室内设计的关系密不可分。不同的材料可以代表不同的时代特征；不同的材料可以造就不同的空间样式；不同的材料可以营造不同的装饰风格；材料甚至可以左右设计的流行时尚；作为绿色设计的战略目标，在现阶段也只有从材料寻求突破。material is closely connected with the relationship of interior design. different

17、 materials can represent different characteristics; different material can make different style space; different materials can build different decoration style; materials can even design about fashion; as the strategic target of green design, and only seeking breakthrough from material at this stage

18、. 材料的环保概念包括两个层面的含义：第一是材料自身的环保性，即材料的内部构成物质不存在危害环境的成分；第二是材料的再生性，即材料能否循环使用的性质。material of environmental protection concept includes two levels of meaning: the first is the environmental protection material itself, namely the material there is no harm to environment in internal material composition; the

19、 second is the regenerative material, or the nature of the materials can be recycled. 在室内环境种尽量采用自然光源，合理的考虑室内环境的通风和温控，尽量利用小环境中的自然物理环境，同时处理不同光环境下的室内空间，根据人的不同活动方式和生活习惯，有针对性进行采光和照明设计。尽量减少大面积隔断，这样一来既节约了成本又增加了室内空间，且室内空间的通风更好，增加室内的清新空气。in indoor environment as far as possible use natural light, and reasona

20、ble consideration of the indoor environment of the ventilation and temperature control, as far as possible use small environment of the natural physical environment, dealing with different interior space light environment at the same time, according to the different activity of people and life habit

21、s, targeted for lighting and lighting design. as far as possible reduce the partition of large area, so that both saved the cost and increases the interior space, interior space and ventilation is better, increase indoor air. 色彩的搭配要合理，不同的色彩搭配能产生不同的空间氛围，给人不一样的愉悦感，不要使人产生烦燥、疲劳等感觉，色彩运用的主次要分明，不要使人眼花缭乱。co

22、lor collocation is reasonable, different colour collocation can produce different space atmosphere, give a person not the same pleasure, don't make the person produces irritability, fatigue feeling, colour is applied to primary and secondary and clear, do not make a person dazzling. 二、“绿色室内设计”实施

23、的原则second, the principle of "green" interior design implementation 室内“绿色设计”有别于以往形形色色的各种设计思潮，更不同于以”人”的需求为目的而凌驾于环境之上的传统室内设计理念和模式。其设计原则可遵循以下三点：indoor "green design" is different from the past for a variety of all kinds of design ideological trend, more demand is different from "

24、;people" for the purpose of the above environment of traditional interior design idea and mode. its design principles can follow the following three points: 提倡适度消费原则。advocate moderate consumption principle. 在商品经济中，通过室内装饰而创造的人工环境是一种消费，而且是人类居住消费中的重要内容。尽管室内”绿色设计”把创造舒适优美的人居环境作为目标，但与以往不同的是，室内”绿色设计”倡

25、导适度消费思想。倡导节约型的生活方式，不赞成室内装饰中的豪华和奢侈铺张。这体现了一种新的生态观、文化观和价值观。through interior decoration in the commodity economy, the creation of artificial environment is a kind of consumption, and it is the important content of human living consumption. although indoor "green design" to create a comfortable

26、 and beautiful living environment as the goal, but unlike in the past, the indoor "green design" advocate moderate consumption ideas. advocates frugal way of life, not in favor of the interior decoration of the luxury and extravagance. this reflects a new concept of ecological and cultural

27、 conceptions and values. 注重生态美学原则。pay attention to ecological aesthetics principle. 生态美学是美学的一个新发展，其在传统审美内容中增加了生态因素。生态美学是一种和谐有机的美。在室内环境创造中，它强调自然生态美，欣赏质朴、简洁而不刻意雕凿；它同时强调人类在遵循生态规律和美的法则前提下，运用科技手段加工改造自然，创造人工生态美，它欣赏人工创造出的室内绿色景观和与自然的融合，它所带给人们的不是一时的视觉震惊而是持久的精神愉悦。因此，生态美更是一种意境层次的美。例如：eduardo arroyo最新设计的一个项目位于埃

28、斯科里亚尔住宅就是其中其一。他对别墅周围的自然环境给予了最大限度的尊重，尽量保持了原始森林及周边环境的原貌，设计的叛逆往往会成为创意的源泉。ecological aesthetics is a new development of aesthetics, it increased the ecological factors in the traditional aesthetic content. ecological aesthetics is a kind of harmonious and organic beauty. in indoor environment is created

29、, it emphasizes the natural ecological beauty, enjoy the simple, concise and not deliberately carving; it also emphasized human under the premise that follow the ecological law and law of beauty, using technology to processing and transforming nature, creating artificial ecological beauty, admire it

30、 manual create indoor green landscape and with the natural fusion, it brings to people is not a visual shock but lasting spiritual pleasure. therefore, the ecological beauty is a level of artistic conception beauty. for example: eduardo arroyo of the latest design - a project is located in the ace c

31、oria, housing is among them one of them. he natural environment around the villas give the utmost respect, try to keep the original virgin forest and the surrounding environment, the design can become a source of creative treason. 倡导节约和循环利用。advocate saving and recycling. 室内”绿色设计”强调在室内环境的建造、使用和更新过程中，

32、对常规能源与不可再生资源的节约和回收利用，对可再生资源也要尽量低消耗使用。在室内生态设计中实行资源的循环利用，这是现代建筑能得以持续发展的基本手段，也是室内”绿色设计“的基本特征。indoor "green design" emphasized in the construction of the indoor environment, use and update process, saving of energy and non-renewable resources and recycling, use of renewable resources also want

33、 to try to lower consumption. in indoor ecological design practice the recycling of resources, this is the basic means of modern architecture is able to sustainable development, also is indoor "green design" of the basic characteristics. 三、室内绿化的功能及作用3, indoor greening function and role 室内设

34、计的基本目的一方面要达到使用功能，合理提高室内环境的物质水准，美化室内环境；另一方面又有净化空气和调节室内小气候陶冶情趣的作用，使人从精神上得到满足，提高室内空间的生理和心理环境质量。the basic purpose of interior design on the one hand to use function, reasonable improve material level of the indoor environment and beautify the indoor environment; on the other hand, there is clean air and

35、 to adjust the action of indoor microclimate edify sentiment, make people get satisfaction from the spirit, improve the quality of the interior space of physical and mental environment. 室内绿化是达到室内设计基本目的重要手段，其功能作用表现在以下几个方面。indoor greening is the important way to achieve basic interior design, its func

36、tions in the following respects. 1、分隔空间的作用。1, the action of disjunctive space. 空间的分隔与联系是室内设计的重要内容。以绿化分隔空间的范围是十分广泛的，如在两厅室之间、厅室与走道之间以及在某些大的厅室内需要分隔成小空间的，如办公室、餐厅、旅店大堂、展厅，此外在某些空间或场地的交界线，如室内外之间、室内地坪高差交界处等，都可用绿化进行分隔。某些有空间分隔作用的围栏，如柱廊之间的围栏、临水建筑的防护栏、多层围廊的围栏等，也均可以结合绿化加以分隔。dimensional space and connection is an

37、 important content of interior design. to green space space range is very wide, such as between the halls and rooms, halls and footpath between and in some large rooms need to separate into a small space, such as office, exhibition hall, restaurant, hotel lobby, in addition in some border space or s

38、pace, such as indoor and outdoor, indoor floor elevation difference between junction, greening separation are available. certain space space effect of enclosures, such as fences, water in the building between the colonnade of fence, multi-layer wai gallery fence and so on, also can be combined with

39、green space. 对于重要的部位，如正对出入口，起到屏风作用的绿化，还须作重点处理，分隔的方式大都采用地面分隔方式，如有条件，也可采用悬垂植物由上而下进行空问分隔。for important parts, such as are for inward and outward, with the function of screen greening, still must make key processing, separation way mostly adopts the ground space method, such as conditional, also can be

40、used on the plant by the trailer and under empty q space. 2、联系引导空间的作用。2, the action of contact boot space. 联系室内外的方法是很多的。如通过铺地由室外延伸到室内，或利用墙面、天棚或踏步的延伸，也都可以起到联系的作用。但是相比之下，都没有利用绿化更鲜明、更亲切、更自然、更惹人注目和喜爱。contact method is a lot of indoor and outdoor. such as through floor by extends to the indoor and outdoo

41、r, or an extension of the use of metope, ceiling, or step, also can have the effect of contact. but, by contrast, no use of greening is more bright, more friendly, more natural, more conspicuous and love. 绿化在室内的连续布置，从一个空间延伸到另一个空间，特别在空间的转折、过渡、改变方向之处，更能发挥出整体效果。绿化布置的连续和延伸，如果有意识地强化其突出、醒目的效果，那么，通过视线的吸引，就

42、起到了暗示和引导作用。方法一致。作用各异，在设计时应予以细心区别。greening in continuous arrangement of indoor, extend from one space to another space, especially in the space of transition, transition, change direction, can play a more integral effect. afforest decorate and extend continuously, if consciously strengthen its outsta

43、nding and eye-catching effect, then, through the line of sight, it played a suggestion and guide. consistent approach. different function, when the design should be careful. 3、突出空间的重点作用。3, highlights the key role of space. 在大门入口处、楼梯进出口处、交通中心或转折处、走道尽端等，既是交通的要害和关节点，也是空间中的起始点、转折点、中心点、终结点等的重要视觉中心位置，是必须引

44、起人们注意的位置，因此，常放置特别醒目的、更富有装饰效果的、甚至名贵的植物或花卉，使起到强化空间、重点突出的作用。at the entrance gate, stair import and export, transportation center, or turning point, aisle the end, is not only the key and the key points, the traffic is also a starting point in space, such as the turning point, center point, end point im

45、portant visual center position, must be a concern, therefore, are often placed particularly eye-catching, more rich decorative effect, or even rare plants or flowers, that have the effect of strengthening space, highlighting. 布置在交通中心或尽端靠墙位置的，也常成为厅室的趣味中心而加以特别装点。这里应说明的是，位于交通路线的一切陈设，包括绿化在内，必需以不妨碍交通和紧急疏

46、散时不致成为绊脚石，并按空间大小形状选择相应的植物。如放在狭窄的过道边的植物，不宜选择低矮、枝叶向外扩展的植物，否则，既妨碍交通又会损伤植物，因此应选择与空间更为协调的修长植物。arrangement or end position against the wall in the center of the traffic, often becoming the center of the hall room fun and special decorate them. here should be clear, all display in traffic routes, including

47、 greening, and must not impede traffic and emergency evacuation does not become a stumbling block, select the plant size shape and press space. such as on the narrow sidewalk plants, unfavorable choose low, branches extend outward plants, otherwise, blocking traffic and would harm plants, so should

48、choose to coordinate with space more slender plant. 4、装饰美化居室的作用。4, decorate beautification bedroom effect. 根据室内环境状况进行绿色植物布置，这种布置所充当的是桥梁作用，它将个别的、局部的装饰组织起来，以取得总，体的美化效果。经过植物布置，室内装饰将更为生动。居室中的色彩常常左右着人们对环境的感受，倘若室内没有枝叶花卉的自然色彩，即使地面、墙壁和家具的色泽再漂亮。仍然缺乏生机。所以，室内观叶植物对室内的绿化装饰作用不可低估。according to indoor environmental

49、 conditions of green plants to decorate, this arrangement is act as a bridge, which will be individual and partial decoration organized, in order to obtain total, body beautification effect. through the plant layout, interior decoration will be more vivid. the color in the bedroom often drives peopl

50、e's perceptions of the environment, if indoor without branches and leaves flowers of the natural color, even if the floors, walls and furniture colour and lustre is beautiful again. life is still lacking. so, indoor foliage plants for indoor afforest adornment effect should not be underestimated

51、. 5、改善室内生活环境的作用。5, improve the indoor living environment. 室内观叶植物枝叶有滞留尘埃、吸收生活废气、释放和补充对人体有益的氧气、减轻噪音等作用。同时，现代建筑装饰多采用各种对人们有害的涂料，而室内观叶植物具有较强的吸收和吸附这种有害物质的能力，可减轻人为造成的环境污染。indoor foliage plants leaves have stop dust, absorb life waste gas, release and beneficial to human body complement oxygen, reduce noise

52、, and so on. at the same time, modern building decoration with all kinds of harmful to the people of the coating, and the indoor foliage plants has strong absorption and adsorption of the harmful material ability, can reduce the man-made pollution of the environment. 四、“绿色室内设计”的实施fourth, the impleme

53、ntation of the "green" interior design 1.存在的问题1. the existing problems 目前设计的价值概念尚未在社会完全确立，知识产权得不到应有的保护，设计市场尚未完全建立，表现于设计中的普遍的简单的抄袭现象和以施工代设计的所谓“免费设计”运行模式。在具体的实施方面，能源的浪费问题一直以来都是最容易做到而又最难做到的一点。小到随手关灯、随手关水龙头；大到设备选型、定制标准。贪大求全、讲排场、莫虚荣、喜炫耀成为滥用能源的病根。另外，由于业主与设计者单方或双方的艺术修养达不到应有的水准造成的过度装修的问题，将追求美观悦目空间

54、效果的装修愿望理解为表象豪华的社会观念，无法从总体上把握空间扭转的创造，过度装修纯粹是材料的堆积，无论从哪个角度来讲都是有违于绿色设计观念的。还有一个就是缺少人性的关爱，设计的本质在于对人性的关爱，也是绿色设计的基本出发点。室内设计中的见物不见人和以偏概全的手法是对人性关爱的漠视。体现在对老龄人群、残疾人群、特殊职业人群生活环境的设计，也体现在设计者专业技能基本素养的缺失。the value of the current design concept is not completely established in the society, can not get due protection

55、 of intellectual property design market has not yet fully established, performance in the design of common simple plagiarism and to the construction design of the so-called "free design" operating mode. in specific implementation, the energy waste problem has always been the most easy to d

56、o and the hardest thing to do. small to easy to turn off the lights, close the tap after; to the equipment type selection, and customized. go in for grandiose projects, compete, not vanity, like showing off as the misuse of energy life. in addition, due to the owner and designer of unilateral or bil

57、ateral artistic accomplishment of any level caused by excessive decoration, will the pursuit of beautiful and pleasing to the eye desire space effect to decorate luxurious understood as a representation of social concept, not the creation of the reverse from the overall grasp of space, excessive dec

58、oration is simply the accumulation of material, no matter from which angle are all against the concept of green design. another is the lack of human care, the essence of design lies in the love of humanity, is also the basic starting point of the green design. see see and biased technique in interio

59、r design is to disregard of human nature caring. reflected in the working group for aging people, disabled people, special the living environment of the design, also in the designers lack basic knowledge of professional skills. 2.绿色室内设计的手法2. the green interior design style 将室外的元素引人到室内，使室内更加自然化；尽可能将阳光引入室