一般现在时与现在进行时

1、动词的时态 英语的时态是由“时段（动作发生的时间）+形式（动作发生的方式）”构成的。时间可分为4个时段：现在、过去、将来和过去将来。动作发生的方式分为4种：一般式、进行式、完成式和完成进行式。本节课我们主要讲一般现在时和现在进行时。1、 一般现在时（1） 一般现在时的定义：表示现在经常反复发生的动作存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。（2） 一般现在时的构成一般现在时用行为动词的原型但第三人称单数做主语时，动词的词尾要加-s。现以连系动词be和行为动词read为例，对一般现在时的肯定句、否定句、疑问句及其简略答语的构成以及表格形式加以说明：动词肯定句否定句be i am.i am not .you

2、/we/they are.you/we/they are not.he/she/it is.he/she/it is not.readi/we/you/they read.i/we/you/they do not read .he/she/it reads.he/she/it does not read.动词疑问句简略答语（肯定）简略答语（否定）beam i.?yes, you areno, you are not.are you.?yes, i am/we areno, i am/we are not.are we.?yes, we/you areno, we/you are not.are

3、 they.?yes, they areno, they are not.is he.?yes, he isno, he is not.is she.?yes, she isno, she is not.is it.?yes, it isno, it is not.readdo/i/we/you/they read.?yes, you/we/you/we/they do.no, you/we/you/you/they do not.does he/she /it read.?yes,he/she/it does.no,he/she/it does not 连系动词be的各种形式常与代词或not

4、缩写成一个词。助动词do.does一般只与not缩写。连系动词be缩写表： 肯定缩写否定缩写i amimi am notim notyou areyoureyou are notyoure not 或you arenthe isheshe is nothes not或he isntshe isshesshe is notshes not或she isntit isitsit is notits not或it isntwe arewe;rewe are notwere not或 we arentthey aretheyrethey are nottheyre not或they arent 助动词

5、do not 的缩写形式为dont,does not的缩写行为doesnt. (3） 动词加-s或-es.当主语是第三人称单数时。谓语动词需加-s或-es,见下表： 规则动词原形第三人称单数形式一般在词尾加-splayworkleaveswimplaysworksleavesswims以字母s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的词加-espassfixteachwishdopassesfixesteacheswishesdoes以辅音字母加y结尾的词，先变y为i再加esstudycarryflycrystudiescarriesfliescries注意：动词have 的第三人称单数形式为has.写出下列

6、词的三单形式1.watch_ 2.say_ 3.wash_ 4.meet_ （4） 一般现在时的用法：1. 表示经常的或习惯性的动作。常与often,always,sometimes,every day,on sundays等表示频度的时间状语连用。例如：i get up at six oclock every day.he often goes to school by bike.2. 表示主语具备的性格、能力和特征。例如：she looks like her sister.he knows not only english ,but also japanese.3表示现在的状态。例如：he

7、 is always ready to help others.he lives in the shopping center.4表示客观事实和普遍真理。例如：the moon moves around the earth and the earth moves around the sun.5在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时。例如：if it doesnt rain tomorrow ,we will go to the park.please tell her about it as soon as she comes back.6表示预先计划或安排好的将来行为。例

8、如：is there a film tonight?we leave beijing next month.7小说故事中用一般现在时代替一般过去时。8有些表示状态和感觉的动词，例如：be,love,like,hate,want,hope,need,know,understand,remember,feel,think,fit,look,see,hear,find,suggest,have等表示现在发生的具体行为时，只有一般现在时。例如：do you know what i mean? 你知道我的意思吗？i feel pain in my chest. 我胸疼。how do you find t

9、he book ? 你觉得那本书怎么样？9. 表示现在发生的具体动作或存在的状态。例如： here comes the bus. 车来了 。whats the time now ? 现在几点了？一改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1. is your brother speak english?_2. does he likes going fishing?_3. he likes play games after class._4. mr. wu teachs us english._5. she dont do her homework on sundays._二改写句子。1. s

10、un yang usually washes some clothes on saturday.否定句: _一般疑问句: _划线提问: _2. mingming usually waters the flowers every day.否定句: _一般疑问句: _划线提问 _3. tom does his homework at home.否定句: _ 一般疑问句: _划线提问_2、 现在进行时（1） 现在进行时的定义 现在进行时时表示现在正在进行的动作的时态。（2） 现在进行时的构成 现在进行时由系动词am/is/are+现在分词（动词+ing形式）构成。现在以work为例，对现在进行时的肯

11、定句、否定句、疑问句及简略答句列表说明如下：肯定句否定句i am working .i am not workingyou are working .you are not working .he/she/it is working .he/she/it is not working .we/you/they are working .we/you/they are not working .疑问句简略答语am i working ?yes , you are .no , you are not .are you working ?yes , we/you are .no , we/you a

12、re not .are you working ?yes , i am .no , i am not .yes , we are .no , we are not .is he/she/it working ?yes , he/she/it is .no , he/she/it is not . are you working ?yes , they are .no , they are not .1i'm playing the football in the playground .(改为否定句)_2tom is reading books in his study . (改为一般

13、疑问句)_3. my mother is cooking some nice food now. ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_ _（3） 动词-ing 形式的构成 1、一般在动词原形末尾加-ing。 stay _ staying do _ doing listen _ listening 2、以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加-ing。 make _ making please_pleasing give _ giving ride _ riding 3、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing。 put _ putting sit _ sittin

14、g run _ running 4、以ie为重读音节结尾的单词，先去掉e，再把i变为y，再加-ing。 lie _ lying tie _ tying die _ dying 5、以re音节结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加-ing，读音不变。 prepare _ preparing tire _ tiring 6、以re结尾的动词，如果是重读音节结尾，先双写r，再加-ing；如果不是重读音节结尾，就直接加-ing。 prefer _ preferring water _ watering 写出下列动词的现在分词 1.look_ 2.work_ 3.close_ 4. make_5. begin_ 6

15、.swim_ 7.lie _ 8.skate _ 9.play _ 10. run _11. go _ 12.like _ 13.ski_ 14.read_ 15.have_ 16. sing_17. come_ 18.shop_ (4） 现在进行时的用法 1.表示现在或说话时正在进行的动作，常与now连用，有时有look,listen等词提示。例如：what are they doing now ? 他们现在在干什么？listen !someone is singing in the classroom. 听！有人在教室里唱歌 2. 表示当前一直或反复在进行的动作或难以终止的动作。例如：th

16、ey are running and jumping all the time . 他们一直在跑啊跳啊 3. 表示经常反复的动作，常与always 连用，含有赞扬或厌恶的意思。例如：he is always helping others . 他总是在帮助别人。that son of yours is always making trouble . 你那儿子总是捣乱。 4. 有一些表示状态的动词和表示心理情感的动词不用进行时态。例如：like, love , prefer , know , wish , want , hate , forget , remember , understand ,

17、 lie , seem 等。例如：我喜欢这本书。正：i like this book .误：i am liking this book . 5. 表示明确安排好了的不久将要发生的事情，这是表示最近的打算的最常用的表达方式（时常有一个表示未来时间的状语）。例如： we are leaving on friday . 我们星期五走。注意：这仅限于少量的动词，如go , come , leave , arrive , start , return , work , sleep , stay , play , do , have , wear 等。此外，be going to do something

18、 这个结构也常用来表示即将发生的事或打算/准备做的事。例如：she is not going to speak at the meeting . 她将不在会上发言。 6. 现在进行时有时也用来代替一般现在时，表示一个经常性的动作或状态，这时或是为了表示一种情感（如赞叹、厌烦等）或是为了强调情况的暂时性。例如： how are you feeling today ? 你今天觉得怎么样？ （亲切） helen is doing fine work at school .海伦在学校学习挺不错的。（赞美之意）一般现在时与现在进行时的比较一般现在时与现在进行时从时间上说都属于“现在”时间范畴。但是一般现

19、在时的时限要比现在进行时的宽得多。它指的是经常性或习惯性的动作。这类动作可以在过去就发生，现在发生，还有可能在将来发生。例如：he plays football very well.现在进行时着重强调“进行”，指说话时“正在进行或发生”的动作。例如what are you doing in your room,tom?im playing computer games.1.jack often_his homework in the evening.but this evening he_tv.a. does, watches b.is doing, is watching c.does, i

20、s watching d.is doing, watches2.look! the boys_happily in the river.a. swim b.swam c.will swim d.swimming3.look! some boys _on the playground.a.playing b.are playing c.play d.plays英语语法记忆歌诀 一般现在时一般现在时态中，动词一般用原形。表述事实讲真理，习惯动作常发生。 动词词尾加s(es)，只表单数三人称。若变一般疑问句，得看句型是哪种。系表结构和there be, be放句首可完成；若遇实义动词句，do或doe

21、s莫忘用！现在进行时look, listen是标志，现在进行正发生；有时now在句中现，“beving”时态成。若问be用何形式，须看主语数、人称。he she is, i amwe, you, they后are紧跟。ving形式更好记，三种构成要分清。 一般问句be提前，be后加not否定成！英语时态练习题：一般现在时和现在进行时 一、选择题练习1. who _ over there now? a. singing b. are sing c. is singing d. sing 2. its eight oclock. the students _ an english class. a

22、. have b. having c. is having d. are having 3. listen! the baby _ in the next room. a. crying b. cried c. is crying d. cries 4. look! the twins _ new sweaters. a. are wearing b. wearing c. are wear d. is wearing 5. dont talk here. grandparents _. a. is sleeping b. are sleeping c. sleeping d. sleep 6

23、. tom is a worker. he _ in a factory. his sisters _ in a hospital. a. work/ work b. works/ work c. work/ works 7. who _ english best in your class? a. speak b. speaks c. speaking 8. mrs read _ the windows every day. a. is cleaning b. clean c. cleans 9. we _ music and often _ to music. a. like/ liste

24、n b. likes/ listens c. like/ are listening 10. she _ up at six in the morning. a. get b. gets c. getting 11. on sunday he sometimes _ his clothes and sometimes _ some shopping. a. wash/ do b. is washing/ is doing c. washes/ does 12. the twins usually _ milk and bread for breakfast, but jim _ some co

25、ffee for it. a. have/ have b. have/ has c. has/ have 13. there _ an english film at the cinema now.a. will have b. is going to have c. is going to be d. is2. the picture _ nice. a. looks b. is looked c. look d. is looking 3. she _ down and soon falls asleep. a. live b. lain c. laid d. sits4. they _

26、the office in time very morning. a. reach to b. arrived c. went d. get to 5. we shall go to shanghai on business before you _ back next week. a. will come b. came c. would come d. come 6. the plane _ over there.a. is b. are c.am d. was 7. i see her _ the room this morning. a. to enter b. entered c.

27、enter d. enters 8. the teacher _us to come to school on time. a. ask b. asking c. asks d. asked9. john always _ others. a. help b. helping c. helps d. to help 10. he _for eight hours every day.a. working b. to work c. works d. worked 11. youd better _ at home and _ your homework. a. to stay, do b. s

28、tay, do c. to stay, to do d. stay, to do 二、填空： 1. my father always _(come) back from work very late. 2. the teacher is busy. he _ (sleep) six hours a day. 3. listen! su hai_(sing) in the classroom. she often _ (sing) there. 4. _ your brother _(know) japanese? 5.where _ you _ (have) lunch every day? 6. the girl _(like) wearing a skirt. look! she _(wear) a red skirt today. 7.look!the boy over there_(play) a model kite. 8.tom _(not study) english. he is studying chinese。 9.tom and his sister_(wait)for