词类语法点总结学案

1、 第一部分 上节课作业讲解、在家背记情况 第二部分 词类语法点巩固名词：复数的变化规则1.一般情况下，直接加s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds. 2.以s，x，sh，ch结尾，加es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches. 3.以辅音字母加y结尾，变y为i, 再加es，如：family-families, hobby-hobbies. 4.以f或fe结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加es，如：thief-thieves, knife-knives.5.以o结尾，加es，如：mango-mangoes. 加s，

2、如：radio-radios，photo-photos.6.不规则变化，如：man-men, woman-women, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth. 7.不可数名词有:bread, juice, tea, coffee, water, rice等。(不可数名词相对应的be动词是is/was)不规则变化:man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth fish-fish p

3、eople-people chinese-chinese japanese-japanese englishman-englishmen frenchman-frenchmen deer-deer goose-geese man teacher- men teachers woman teacher-women teachers apple tree-apple trees 名词所有格：表示人或物品所属关系时，就需要使用名词所有格。名词所有格的构成有以下规则：1.一般情况下，在名词的末尾加s构成。如：toms book2.以“-s”结尾的复数名词的所有格，只在其末尾加。如：our teache

4、rs books3.表示几个人共同拥有的东西时，只在最后一个名字上加所有格。 如：su hai and su yangs bedroom冠词：a, an和the的用法1. an umbrella, an uncle, an unpleasant trip, an unusual boy, an ugly girl, an mp3 2. a uniform, a university, a unit, a ufo, a useful book, a european country 3. an hour, an honest boy4. an “a”( e, f, h, i, l, m, n,

5、o, r, s, x) , a “b”( c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z)5. a one-year-old baby, an eight-year-old boy, an eleven-year-old girl 6. (无冠词)childrens day, may day, the spring festival 7. i lost the book i bought last week. is it a black one?8. do you know the boy next to mary / the man in white? 形容词.副

6、词的比较级：1. an elephant is (very, quite, so, too) big(原级).2. a friend of mine is as heavy(原级) as me. he is not so/ as tall(原级) as her.3. much+比较级, more+原级: he is much fatter that her. he is much more confident than her.4. 一些特殊的句型：1） jim is the taller of the two (boys).2） our school is much (far/ still/

7、 even/ a lot/a little) (比较级) more beautiful than yours.3） the earlier, the better.4） when summer comes, the weather gets hotter and hotter.5） if you do sports every day, you will become healthier and healthier.6） today english is becoming more and more important.7） he is 2 kilos heavier than i am.8）

8、 paris is one of the liveliest cities in the world.10) .the yellow river is the second longest river in china.(序数词+最高级) 不规则的比较级和最高级原级比较级最高级good (好的) well (健康的)betterbestbad (坏的) ill (有病的)worseworstoldolder (elder)oldest (eldest)many much (多的)moremostlittle (少的)lessleastfar (远的)farther (further)farth

9、est(furthest) 基数词和序数词：1.one-first, two-second, three-third, five-fifth, nine-ninth,twelve-twelfth, twenty-twentieth, forty-one-forty-first.序数词前一定要加the. 基数词变成序数词的方法：（1）直接在基数词词尾加上th， 如：seventh第七，tenth 第十，thirteenth 第十三；（2）以y结尾的基数词，变y为ie，再加上th，如：twentieth 第二十.（3）不规则变化，如：first 第一, second 第二， third 第三，fi

10、fth 第五， eighth 第八， ninth 第九，twelfth 第十二.（4）基数词“几十几”变为序数词时，表示“几十”的基数词不变，只把表示“几”的基数词变成序数词，如twenty-first 第二十一。3.序数词的缩略形式是由阿拉伯数字和序数词的最后两个字母构成的， 如：1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th。代词: 1. 人称代词的五种基本形式：人称单复数主 格宾 格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词第一人称单 数imemyminemyself复 数weusouroursourselves第二人称单 数youyouyouryoursyourself复 数youyouyouryo

11、ursyourselves第三人称单 数hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself复 数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves2. 人称代词的基本用法：主格：用作句子的主语，放在动词前（疑问句式放在特殊动词后）；e.gshe lives in toronto, canada.does he speak english?宾格：用作句子的宾语，放在动词或介词后；e.gyesterday my mother bought me a new bike.i usually go to movies with her o

12、n weekends.形容词性物主代词：用作句子的定语，之后必须带名词；e.gthis is my book. thats his book.名词性物主代词相当于一个名词词组,之后不能带名词（其代换的名词需在前文中出现）；e.ghis book is much newer than mine(= my book).反身代词：一般放在动词后，要求同主语人称一致。e.gshe teaches herself english.介词:in的用法：1.用在某范围或某空间内，如：in the desk2.在一段时间内，如：in the morning3.以，用方式，如：in englishin和on的区别

13、：树上长出来的用on,不是树上长出来的则用in。in, on, at的区别：in, on, at都可以用来放在时间前面，但是in后面一般是morning，afternoon，evening,月份.年份.季节或者指某一段时间内；on用在具体某一天，如：on sunday morning；at一般用在某个假期期间（不是指具体的某一天），它还可以用在具体的时间，如：at spring festival, at five oclock.小学英语教材中出现的介词有：in, on, from, of, by, about, for, under, behind, after, before, with,

14、near, off, at, to, around, nearby等。课堂练习：1.写出下列名词的复数形式zoo_sheep _thief _woman_ mouse_ box _peach_ boy _family_photo_foot_leaf_ german_goose_dress_sandwich_strawberry_tomato_potato_tooth _englishman _child _deer_2. 单复数相互转换,每空一词（含缩写）。 1. the woman is a nurse.（改为复数句） the _ _ _ . 2. there are some old ca

15、rs behind the house.（改为单数句） there_ _old _ behind the house. 3. he has a new book.（改为复数句） _ _new _.4.is there a sheep on the hill?（改为复数句） _ there _ _ on the hill?( )1.this bag isnt mine, its _, i think. a.mary b.mays c.marys( )2.how many_ are there in the zoo? a.sheep b.monkey c.fish( )3.children s d

16、ay is in_. a.june b.july c.may( )4.two_and three _will come to visit our school tomorrow . a. americans,japaneses b. americans,japanese c. american,japanese( ) 5.-what are they? -they are _. a. nurse b. nurses c. a nurse ( ) 6.there arent books on the table. a.some b. any c. a代词一.用括号中所给代词的正确形式填空。1.w

17、ho can help _ (she) to carry the box?2.mum, we are very hungry. give _ (we) some bread, please.3.open the door for_ (i), please.4.today is _ (she) birthday of 6. david got a computer from _ (he) parents.5.this is your classroom. _ (we) classroom is next to the teachers office.6.my uncle has a daught

18、er. he loves _ (she) very much.7.tommy has a cute cat. _ (it) name is ketty.8.- i like collecting coins very much. - _ (i) too.9.- whose books are these? - theyre _ (they) books, i think.10.- is that man _ (you) father? yes, _ (he) is.形容词副词比较级最高级根据句意填入适当的词:1.mike is 45kg, i am 45kg. so i am _ heavy

19、_ mike.2.which monkey is _ _, the yellow one, black one or little one? (strong)3.who is _, your father or mother? (thin)4.summer is the _ (hot) season in a year.5.beef is _ _ (delicious) than pork.( )6.the killer whale is heavy. the sperm whale is _, too. a.the thinnest b.heavy c.heavier( )7.mike is

20、 _ than all his classmates.a. the thinnest b.thiner c.thinner( )8.the house is_ cheaper than the one we saw yesterday. a.more b. much c. many( )9.i think rose is_ than that one. a.many more b.more much c.much more( )10.the story is _and _ than that one . a.shorter, funnier b. short,funnier c. long,

21、funnier( )11.alice was ill last week, but she becomes _ and _ now. a.gooder, better b. good, better c. better, better( )12.he is _ tallest _ the three. a. the; of b. ; of c. the; on d. ; in( )13.which is_, an elephant or a shark? a.big b.biger c.bigger( ) 14.the smile on the boys face showed that he

22、 was_. a.sad b.angry c.excited( )15. jack studies english very_. a .good b hard c .careful.冠词 ( ) 1.what are you going to do christmas eve?. a. on b. in c. at ( )2.there is _ “s” in the word “is”. a. a b. an c. the ( )3.mothers day may a. in the b. in c. is in( )4.there is “f” in the word “friend”.t

23、om is friend of mine.there is _“u” in the word “umbrella”. umbrella is behind the door. a.a,a,an,an b. an,a,an,an c. an, a,a,an( )5.i have got mp4 player. a . a b. an c. the ( ) 6. by way,can you tell me how to go to the library?a. a b. an c.the d. /数词( )1.childrens day is in the (six)month of a yea

24、r.( )2.jack is my english teacher.a. three b. the third c. third( )3mr green is my english teacher . a one b the first c first( )4.i am in _.a. class 5 b. 5class c. class 5th ( )5._people visit our school . a. hundred of b. hundreds of c.seven hundreds d. seven hundreds of ( ) 6 there are _ months i

25、n a year. a. twelve b. twelfth c. thirteen d. twelfths 介词/连词( ) 1.mothers day maya. in the b. in c. is in( )2.what do you do monday morning? a.on b.in c. at( )3.what are you going to do christmas eve? a on b in cat( )4.i like hamburgers french fries , but i dont like fruit vegetables. a.and ,or b.or

26、,and c.and,but( )5. she has a son. a. four years old b. four-years-old c. four-year-old tom doesnt wake up night. she likes travelling air.i bought a pen that shop. zhang peng is sleeping his bedroom.can you see some apples the tree. lily is duty today.there is a supermarket my home. i like travelling and i want to go the world.count one ten. whats the time ? its half ten.i am a schoolboy. i have lessons from monday to friday. on sunday morning, i usually get up very late. i wash my face and then go out to do morning exercises. it is about nine o'clock. after i eat my breakfast.