Book_7__Unit_3__Grammar

1、Book 7, Unit 3,GrammarEx. 1 of P23: Find and underline all the sentences using the ing form in the reading passage and tell their functions in the sentences (句法功能句法功能). Group competitions:语态语态时态时态 主动形式主动形式 被动形式被动形式一般式一般式完成式完成式(not) doing(not) being done(not)having done(not)having been done一般式：与谓语动词同

2、时发生一般式：与谓语动词同时发生完成式：先于谓语动词之前发生完成式：先于谓语动词之前发生如果动词如果动词-ing形式的逻辑主语为所表示的动作形式的逻辑主语为所表示的动作的承受者，动词的承受者，动词-ing形式要用被动语态形式要用被动语态一、一、V-ing 的形式：的形式：Ving 一般式一般式和和一般式的被动形式一般式的被动形式; He hurried home, looking behind from time to time . 2) The building being repaired is our dormitory.Ving 的的完成式完成式和和完成式的被动形式完成式的被动形式1)

3、 Having lit a candle, she went out.2) Having been asked to stay, I couldnt leave.3) Having heard this, our teacher expressed her satisfaction.二、二、V-ing 的句法功能：的句法功能： 1.作主语作主语 Swimming is good for health. 对一位女士脱帽致敬是礼貌的。对一位女士脱帽致敬是礼貌的。 _ (kill) by sharks in the sea is a common thing .Being killed Raisin

4、g your hat to a a lady is good manners . _ (expose ) to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin.Being exposed 2. 作表语作表语 Teaching is learning. My hobby is _ (make) model planes. What worried the child most was _ (not, allow) to visit his mother in the hospital .makingnot being allowed教学相

5、长教学相长 3.作宾语作宾语V-ing 形式既可作动词的宾语形式既可作动词的宾语, 也可作介词的宾语也可作介词的宾语 We would appreciate hearing from you 收到你的来信我们将不胜感激。收到你的来信我们将不胜感激。 The bird escaped _ (catch) . I feel like _ (join) the army. You cant eat anything before _ (operate) on. I still remember _ (take) to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.bei

6、ng operatedbeing caught joining being taken（1）每个人都喜欢被赞美，都讨厌在大众面前）每个人都喜欢被赞美，都讨厌在大众面前被嘲笑。被嘲笑。(2) 我记得曾听过这故事。我记得曾听过这故事。(remember/ tell)(3)他不请自来。（他不请自来。（without）Everybody likes being praised and hates being made fun of in public.I remember having been told the story.He came without being invited.注意：注意： 1

7、. 在在 avoid, admit, appreciate, consider, delay, enjoy, escape 避免避免, excuse 原谅原谅, finish, forgive, imagine, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, put off, feel like, insist on , look forward to, object to, keep on等后只接等后只接V-ing形式作宾语。形式作宾语。2. 在在want，need，require，deserve等动词之后等动词之后 作宾语时，常用动名词的主动式

8、表示被动意义。作宾语时，常用动名词的主动式表示被动意义。你这车要充气了。你这车要充气了。这座城市值得光顾一下。这座城市值得光顾一下。这个问题需要认真研究。这个问题需要认真研究。Your car needs filling /to be filled.This city deserves visiting.The problem requires studying carefully / to be studied.这个建议值得考虑。（这个建议值得考虑。（worth)The suggestion is worth considering.比较：比较：The suggestion is worth

9、y of being considered. 4. 作定语作定语 The girl standing there is my sister .This is a piece of _ (surprise) news .The problem_ (discuss) now is very important. The farmers _ (work) in the fields are tired.surprising being discussed working5. 作状语作状语 Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy. He sat at the

10、 table, _ (read) China Daily ._ (rebuild), the museum cannot be visited._ (work) hard, you will succeed._ (tell) many times, he finally understood it.readingWorkingBeing rebuilt Having been told6. 作宾语补足语作宾语补足语: I saw people coming and going in the street. I heard her _ (sing) a song in her room. You

11、ll find the topic _ (discuss) everywhere now. being discussedsinging按要求合并句子：按要求合并句子：Premier Wen/ He came to see the soldiers . It was a great encouragement to them. 用主语从句合并句子：用主语从句合并句子： That Premier Wen/he came to see the soldiers was a great encouragement to them. 用用-ing 形式做主语合并句子形式做主语合并句子 Premier

12、Wens / His coming to see the soldiers was a great encouragement to them. 当当V-ing 的复合结构的复合结构做主语，其逻辑主语用名做主语，其逻辑主语用名词所有格或形容词性的物主代词。词所有格或形容词性的物主代词。三、三、V-ing 的复合结构：的复合结构：合并句子：合并句子： Tom/ He doesnt want to talk about the matter. I understand. 用宾语从句合并句子用宾语从句合并句子 I understand that Tom/ he doesnt want to talk

13、 about 用用-ing 做宾语合并句子做宾语合并句子I understand Toms/ Tom/ his/ him not wanting to talk当当V-ing V-ing 的复合结构做宾语，其逻辑主语用名词所有的复合结构做宾语，其逻辑主语用名词所有格或普通格形容词性的物主代词或宾格。格或普通格形容词性的物主代词或宾格。原谅我打断你一下。原谅我打断你一下。Please forgive my/ me interrupting you. 他不能想象他妈妈会赞同他娶一个外国女孩。他不能想象他妈妈会赞同他娶一个外国女孩。He cant imagine his mothers/ his m

14、other approving of his/ him marrying a girl from a foreign country. Fill in the blanks : _ (turn) to the right , you will find the place you want .2. Listen. The song _ (play) on the radio is very popular with the students. 3. _ (finish) his work , Henry went home.4. _ (learn) new words is useful.Tu

15、rning being playedHaving finished Learning5. He disliked _ (interrupt) in his experiment.6. I apologize for _ (not, wait) for you.7. _ (not, receive) an answer, I wrote to him again.8. _ (give) such a good chance, you should catch it.being interrupted not having waited Not having received Having bee

16、n given9. I didnt mind _ (leave) at home .10. The house wants _ (clean).11. _ (show) around the library , we were taken to see the lab.12. _ ( give ) more time, we are sure to do it better. being leftcleaningHaving been shownGiven13. Mrs White found her husband _ (surround) by letters and _ (smoke)

17、silently. 14. The thieves_(break) through two glass doors, _ (run) to the museums top floor and _ (grab) the two paintings from different rooms, somehow_ (avoid) guards. 15. The Olympic Flame, or torch, _ (introduce) to the modern Olympics in 1928, symbolizing the gift of fire _ (give) to man by Prometheus（普罗米修斯）（普罗米修斯）. The torch relay _ (take place) since then. surroundedsmokingbrokerangrabbedavoidingwas int