人教版八年级英语(上)单元辅导材料与巩固练习(UnitEight)

1、八年级英语（上）单元辅导材料与巩固练习（ Unit Eight）、重点词汇:1.可数名词（Countable NounS）：食物搅拌器勺；调羹锅机器洞；坑三明治片；块南瓜果馅饼烤炉/箱盘/碟子覆盖物2.不可数名词（Uncountable Noun§ :奶昔酸奶蜂蜜食盐食糖干/奶酪爆米花玉米黄/奶油肉汁3.可数和不可数名词西瓜火鸡（肉）生菜甜椒；胡椒粉4.其他重点单词:摇/抖动剥/去皮倒出增/添加最后掘（地）感恩节传统的秋天/季庆祝/贺准备捣烂的混/融合充/装满遮/覆盖服务5.表示过程的时间副词:first adj. & adv.第一； 最初； 最先； n.最初；当初next

2、adj.（无比较级或最高级）最近的；紧挨的；隔壁的；adv.随后，下一步then adv. 当时，那时； 然后，后来，接着； 那么finally adv.最后； 最终 =at last/in the end6.重要单词的形式变换：cut （过去式）cut （现在分词）shake （过去式）dig （过去式）sandwich （复数形式）mix （现在分词）mix （过去式）serve （名词）mix （第三人称单数）final （副词）7.词汇用法辨析:（1） in 与 into:in在里面，表示一个静止的状态，强调在某个空间内部，后面既可以跟名词构 成介词短语，也可以单独用，反义词是 out

3、;into进入到之内，表示一个动态的过程，强调由外向里的过程，通常和实义动词 连用，后面必须跟名词构成介词短语，反义词为out of。如：1） She is walking the room.她正在房间里踱来踱去。2） She walked the room.她走进了房间。3） Please come.请进。（2） how many和how much:二者的意思均是“多少”，用法区别：How many用来提问可数名词的数量，后面接可数名词的复数形式；How much用来提问不可数名词的数量，后面接不可数名词的原形。止匕外，how much还可以用来提问价格/价钱。如：1) apples do

4、we need to make fruit salad? Three.我们需要多少个苹果做水果 沙拉？三个。(注意：How many后面接可数名词的复数。)2) yogurt do you put in the milk shake? Two cups of yogurt. 你在奶昔里面放 了多少酸奶？两杯酸奶。3) is the juice? Two yuan a glass.果汁多少钱？两元一杯。4) I can see some boats.can you see?5) We would like ten apples.would you like?6) There is a lot o

5、f meat on the desk.is there on the desk?7) Jim wants a bag of rice.does Jim want?8) Jim wants a bag of rice.does Jim want?、重点短语:奶昔milk shake把倒进里pour. into.打开；接通turn on切碎cut up关闭；断开turn off砍倒；砍伐cut down开大；调图turn up切除；切断cut off关小；调低；拒绝turn down把切成cut. into.把 放进 里put. in/into.多少how many一（氽）杯a cup of多少h

6、ow much忘记做某事forget to do sth.取出；拿出；借出take out把 加到里/上add. into/to.从某处取/拿/借出某物take out sth. from swh.一片/张a piece of（把某物）混合在一起mix (sth.) together把装满f川with.把某物和某物混合mix sth. and sth.很长一段时间for a long time把某物覆盖上某物cover sth. with sth.一个个地one by one在这个时候at this time提供某物给某人serve sth. to sb.一勺a spoon of给某人提供某物

7、serve sb. sth.混合mix up、重点句子:1.the blender.打开搅拌器。实义动词与副词构成的短语，如：cut up, mix up, turn on等，后面跟名词作宾语时，名词 既可以放于动词和副词的中间，也可以放于副词的后面；但如果宾语是宾格人称代词时，只 能够放在动词和副词的中间。通常来说，on, off, up, down, in, out, back, away与实义动词连用时，作副词用。如：（1） Please cut up the bananas.（2） She is mixing up the yogurt.()(3) We have to cut up.

8、A. theyB. themC. theirD. theirs()(4) You need to.A. mix up itB. mixes up itC. mix it upD. mixes it up2. Then, add the cabbage, tomatoes and onion and cook 10 minutes.然后加入卷心菜、西红柿和洋葱，再煮上 10分钟。another +基数词+名词，表示一种“追加”功能，意思是“冉” 。another也可以用more代替，但结构不同：基数词 + more +名词。如上句的同义句是：Then, add the cabbage, toma

9、toes and onion and cook minutes.3. Do you know a tree?你知道怎样种树吗？疑问词后面的动词通常要变为动词不定式，与前面的疑问词一起构成特殊的动词不定式 短语，作谓语动词的宾语。如：(1) Do you know what (do) this afternoon?()(2) Can you tell me where them?A. to meet B. should I meet C. I should meet D. A and C4. Do you like lettuce a sandwich?你喜欢生菜三明治吗？同义句： Do you

10、 like a sandwich lettuce?Finally, the turkey thin pieces and eat the meat vegetables like carrots and potatoes.最后，把火鸡切成薄片，和萝卜、土豆等蔬菜一起吃。5. These days, most Americans still celebrate this idea of thanks by a big meal at home with their family.如今，大部分美国人仍然由于这个原因而庆祝这个节日， 他 们在家里与家人共进丰盛的一餐来表达感恩。“by + doing

11、 (动词-ing形式)”构成方式状语，意思是“通过某种方式(做某事)如：I study English by (watch) English movies.我通过观看英语电影来学习英语。6. Now, it's time the rice noodles.现在，该是享用米线的时候了。句型：It is time for + sth.(事物名词).该是做某事的时候了。同义句：It is time + to do sth.(动词不定式短语)或：It is time for + doing sth.(动词-ing形式)如上句的同义句：四、语法：(一)可数名词和不可数名词。1.普通名词按是否可以

12、直接计量数量可分为可数名词和不可数名词。个体名词和集体名 词可以直接计算它们的数量，称为可数名词(Countable Noun§ ；物质名词和抽象名词一般无 法直接计算它们的数量，称为不可数名词(Uncountable Noun§。2.可数名词：可数名词有单数形式、复数形式之分，表示一个人或事物的可数名词用单 数形式，表示两个或两个以上的人或事物的可数名词用复数形式。可数名词的复数形式的构 成规则及例词列表如下：情况构成方法例词一般直接在名词词尾加-smap-maps, boy-boys, tree-trees;以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加-esbus-buses

13、, watch-watches, box-boxes,brush-brushes;以车有音字母+ y结尾的名词改y为i再加-esbaby-babies, family-families以f/fe结尾的名词改f/fe为v再加-eslife-lives, leaf-leaves, wife-wives以兀首子母 o结尾的名词，有生命的 tomato/potato/hero力口-es,无生命的力口 -s: photos, pianos radios, zoos, videos.3.不可数名词：(1)不可数名词所表示的事物不能直接用数词来计量它的数量，因此不能用不定冠词a/an数词等词语修饰，没有复数

14、形式，但可以用some/any, little/a little, much, a lot of/lots of等词语来修饰。(2)不可数名词需要计量数量时，要加上表示数量单位名词、容器名词(即汉语中的量词)。不可数名词数量的表示法：数词+(形容词)+单位/容器名词+ of +不可数名词。如：一贝U (piece)新闻 两碗(bowl)汤三盒(box)果汁 四首(piece)乐 曲五杯(glass汁奶 六袋(bag吠米七杯(cup)茶 八片(piece)H包注意：以上表示法中，如数词大于一，则单位 /容器名词必须变为复数形式。止匕外，用以上方法表示可数名词的数量时，可数名词通常要用复数形式。如

15、：两箱(box)鸡蛋 九袋(bag卉果(3)有些名词既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词，但意思不同。如：单词可数名词/、口数名词单词可数名词/、口数名词fish鱼鱼肉chicken小鸡鸡肉orange橘子汁paper论文，试卷纸glass玻璃杯；眼镜玻璃work著作工作room房间空间life生命生活experience经历经验present礼物现在exercise练习锻炼4.可数名词、不可数名词的形式判断：(1)在句中用所给名词的正确形式填空时， 首先必须判断该名词是可数名词还是不可数名词。如是不可数名词，则只能用它的原形填空。如：I like (milk).我喜欢牛奶。(2)如果是可数名词，

16、则需要从以下几点来判断应该用单数形式还是复数形式： 修饰词：如名词前的修饰词是a/an/one/this/that/every/each时，则该名词须用单数形 式，如名词前的修饰词是 two/threeall/both/few/a few/some/these/those/many/a lot of/lots of/a number of等时，则该名词须用复数形式。如：I have plenty of (pear).我有许多梨。This (apple) is red.这个苹果是红色的。I have some (orange).我有一些橘子。These (tomato) are red.这些西红

17、柿是红色的。All (watch) are his.所有的手表都是他的。谓语动词：如谓语动词是第三人称单数形式，则作主语的名词须用单数形式，如谓语 动词是复数形式，则作主语的名词须用复数形式。如：My (book) are old.我的书是旧的。The (boy) is at home.这个男孩在家。 如所给的名词是可数名词，且前面没有任何修饰词修饰它，则该名词要变为复数形式 表示人/事物的类别。如：I like taking (photo).我喜欢拍照。(二)祈使句：1 .祈使句的定义：用来表示请求、命令、建议、劝告等说话者说话语气的句子叫祈使句。2 .祈使句的特征：(1)祈使句的主语通常是

18、说话的对方 you,但通常被省略而不说出；(2)谓语动词通常用动词原形，且没有时态和数的变化。如：Come here, please.请至 U这来。Don't be late for school, Jim.吉姆，别上学迟到。3 .祈使句的肯定式：(1) 实义动词原形+其他成分.如：Stand up, please.请起立。(2) Be + adj.(形容词)如：Be careful!小心！(3) Let's +动词原形+其他成分.如：Let's go to school together.咱彳门起上学去口巴。4 .祈使句的否定式：(1)通常在动词原形前加上否定词 Do

19、n't,即可把肯定祈使句变为否定形式，即：Don't +动词原形+其他.如：Please dornt talk in low voices. 请不要低声讲话。Don't be careless.别粗心。(2) “Let sb. +动词原形+其他成分.”形式的祈使句，既可以在句首加 Don't构成否 定句，也可以在Let后面的动词原形前加not构成否定句。如：Don't let them play with fire.别让他们玩火。=Let them not play with fire.(3) “Let's +动词原形+其他成分.”形式的祈使句，

20、在Let'后面的动词原形前加not 构成否定句。如：Let s not say anything about it.关于它,咱们什么也别说。巩固练习：将以下祈使句改为否定式。1. Come back early, please.back early, please.2. Ask him. him.3. Please wait for her.for her.4. Read the book carelessly.the book carelessly.5. Sit under the tree, please. under the tree, please.6. Let's g

21、o there together. there together.单元巩固练习、选择填空:()1. Let's banana and apple milk shake.A. makeB. makesC. do)2. I need two.A. spoon of honey B. spoons of honeysC. spoons of honey)3. - people are there in your town? -One hundred thousand.A. How manyB. How muchC. How old)4. First put some salt in the

22、water and then.A. mix them up B. mix up themC. mix it up)5. the books in the bookcase, Jerry.A. PutB. To putC. Putting)6. They are filling the holes water.A. withB. ofC. into)7. yogurt do you need?A. How manyB. How muchC. How often)8. Turn on the blender about two minutes.A. inB.atC. for)9. It s get

23、ting dark. Can you the light?A. turn offB. turn onC. turn up)10. Then peppers and carrots and on the cheese.A. cut up; put them B. cut up; put itC. cut in; put them)11. It ' s time home.A. to go toB. to goC. going)12. - do you eat fruit and vegetables? -Every day.A. HowB. How oftenC. How many)13

24、. I walked a long way. , I got there.A. NextB. FirstC. Finally)14. It s easy a banana milk shake. Let me help you.A. doB. to doC. makeD. doingD. spoon of honeysD. How oftenD. mix up itD. PutsD. forD. How longD.toD. turn downD. cuts up; put itD. going toD. How muchD. NearD. to make)15. -May I have pi

25、ece of bread with butter, I'm not full. -Certainly. Here you are.A. otherB. the otherC. anotherD. the others、根据句意，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1. How many (teacher) are there in your school?2. I have three (sandwich).3. There are some (orange) on the table.4. I like (tomato) and (chicken).5. How much (honey)

26、 do we need?6. Tina, let's (make) fruit salad.7. Oh, it is time for (have) a rest.8. (not put) too much salt into the soup.9. Oh, it is time (have) a rest.10. My mother forgot ( take) out the food from the bag yesterday. 三、完形填空：Sandwiches are popular in the world, but do you know where they came

27、 from? Sandwich was an English 1 . He lived in England about two hundred years ago. Sandwich had 2 money. He was very rich (富有的)and he liked to play 3 . He often played all day and night and had no time to 4 dinner. One day he played for 24 hours and felt very 5 . He asked his servant (仆人)to get him

28、 some meat and bread. He put the meat 6 the two slices of bread so that he could 7 playing his cards. People liked 8 idea and called the food sandwich. Today there are many different kinds of sandwiches. You can make them at home or 9 them at restaurants easily. We love sandwiches 10 we can eat them

29、 everywhere, at workplaces, schools or parks, and theyre not expensive.()1.A.foodB. cityC. personD.club()2.A.a fewB. a lot ofC. a littleD.a number of()3.A.chessB. cardsC. soccerD. jokes()4.A.addB. boilC. haveD.find()5. A. hungryB. tiredC. thirstyD.angry()6.A.onB. atC. withD.between()7. A. keepB. for

30、getC. stopD.finish()8.A.itsB. hisC. herD.their()9.A.doB. buyC. sellD.cook()10. A. ifB. untilC. becauseD. although四、阅读理解：In England, on weekdays, breakfast in most homes is often a hurried (匆忙的)meal of milk, bread, juice and tea or coffee. Some people just stop at coffee shops for coffee. But at week

31、ends, things are quite different. People often have a large breakfast with fried eggs, potatoes, bacon, sausages, tomatoes, mushrooms and toast.Lunch is just a short break from the day 's work and it is not a big meal. It usually lasts less than an hour because few people have more time to do it

32、 and some of them also can enjoy a nap ( 睡).Most people have a sandwich or fruit for lunch. People either take their lunch to work or eat in a fast food restaurant.Dinner is the most important meal of the day in England. At this meal, most families try to sit together. It is much bigger than lunch a

33、nd is usually a hot meal with soup, a main course L 道菜) and sometimes dessert. The main course usually includes meat, vegetables and potatoes. It is happy time for family members to sit around the dinner table and talk about the day events.()1. How about breakfast in most homes in England?A. Small e

34、very day. B. Hurried every day.C. Large on weekends. D. Large on weekdays.()2. What can we say about most people in England?A. They always feel very tired.B. They often have simple lunch.C. They never rest in the daytime.D. They have to prepare lunch for themselves.（）3. What can some people do at no

35、on in England?A. Take a short sleep.B. Enjoy a big lunch.C. Have lunch with their family members. D. Spend much time talking with their friends.（）4. Dinner in England is usually.A. lunchB. supperC. breakfast D. break from the day's work（）5. Why is dinner the most important for most families in E

36、ngland?A. It is a very big meal.B. Family members must prepare it together.C. Family members can enjoy it together. D: Only it can make people happy every day.五、综合填空：从方框中选择恰当的单词并用其正确形式填空：another, hard, work, isn't, easy, pieces, for, box, onto, theyMy brother, Tom, 1 in a butcher s shop （肉店）.He

37、helps the butcher to do some 2 work. He puts meat on the shelf every day. People come into the shop and buy the meat. But today there 3 any meat on the shelf. The butcher asks Tom to carry some meat 4 the shelf.Tom runs to get some 5 of meat.Theyare in 6room and theyare onthe highestshelf. Tom is ta

38、ll, but he still can't reach themeat.Tom thinks7a minute.Hehasa good idea.He takes two 8 and puts the one on the topof the other. Thenhe standson9. Now hecan reach the pieces of meat 10 .1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 六、书面表达：下星期六，同学们准备开一次聚会，在聚会上，大家想自己动手制作一些喜欢吃的东西。许多同学爱吃水果沙拉，你会做吗？请你根据下面所给的提示，写出制作

39、水果沙拉的过程。1. 原料：three bananas, three apples, a watermelon, a bowl, honey, yogurt.2.制作水果沙拉的过程：（1）洗干净三个苹果和一个西瓜；（2）将香蕉剥皮以及将苹果削皮， 并切开西瓜；（3）将香蕉、苹果和西瓜切碎，放入一个大碗中；（4）倒入一些蜂蜜及一勺酸奶并拌匀。16八年级英语（上）单元辅导材料与巩固练习（ Unit Eight）（答案）、重点词汇：1.可数名词（Countable NounS）：食物搅拌器blender勺；调羹spoon锅pot机器machine洞；坑hole三明治sandwich片；块piece南

40、瓜pumpkin果馅饼pie烤炉/箱oven盘/碟子plate覆盖物cover2.不可数名词（Uncountable Noun§ :奶昔milk shake酸奶yogurt蜂蜜honey食盐salt食糖sugar干/奶酪cheese爆米花popcorn玉米corn黄/奶油butter肉汁gravy3.可数和不可数名词西瓜watermelon火鸡（肉）turkey生菜lettuce甜椒；胡椒粉pepper4.其他重点单词:摇/抖动shake剥/去皮peel倒出pour增/添加add最后finally掘（地）dig感恩节Thanksgiving传统的traditional秋天/季autu

41、mn庆祝/贺celebrate准备prepare捣烂的mashed混/融合mix充/装满fill遮/覆盖cover服务serve5.表示过程的时间副词：first adj. & adv.第一； 最初； 最先； n.最初；当初next adj.（无比较级或最高级）最近的；紧挨的；隔壁的； adv.随后，下一步 then adv. 当时，那时； 然后，后来，接着； 那么finally adv.最后； 最终 =at last/in the end6.重要单词的形式变换：cut （过去式）cutcut （现在分词）cuttingshake （过去式）shookdig （过去式）dugsandw

42、ich （复数形式）sandwichesmix （现在分词）mixingmix （过去式）mixedserve （名词）service/servantmix （第三人称单数）mixesfinal （副词）finally7.词汇用法辨析：（1） in 与 into:in在里面，表示一个静止的状态，强调在某个空间内部，后面既可以跟名词构成介词短语，也可以单独用，反义词是out;into进入到之内，表示一个动态的过程，强调由外向里的过程，通常和实义动词 连用，后面必须跟名词构成介词短语，反义词为out of。如：1） She is walking in the room.她正在房间里踱来踱去。2）

43、She walked into the room.她走进了房间。3） Please come _in_.请进。（2） how many和how much:二者的意思均是“多少”，用法区别：How many用来提问可数名词的数量，后面接可数名词的复数形式；How much用来提问不可数名词的数量，后面接不可数名词的原形。止匕外， how much 还可以用来提问价格/价钱。如：1) How many apples do we need to make fruit salad? Three我们需要多少个苹果做水果 沙拉？三个。(注意：How many后面接可数名词的复数。)2) How much

44、yogurt do you put in the milk shake? Two cups of yogurt. 你在奶昔里面放 了多少酸奶？两杯酸奶。3) How much is the juice? Two yuan a glass.果汁多少钱？两元一杯。4) I can see some boats.How many boats can you see?5) We would like ten apples.How many apples would you like?6) There is a lot of meat on the desk.How much meat is there

45、 on the desk?7) Jim wants a bag of rice.How much rice does Jim want?8) Jim wants a bag of rice.How many bags of rice does Jim want?、重点短语：奶昔milk shake把倒进里pour. into.打开；接通turn on切碎cut up关闭；断开turn off砍倒；砍伐cut down开大；调图turn up切除；切断cut off关小；调低；拒绝turn down把切成cut. into.把 放进 里put. in/into.多少how many一（氽）杯a

46、cup of多少how much忘记做某事forget to do sth.取出；拿出；借出take out把 加到里/上add. into/to.从某处取/拿/借出某物take out sth. from swh.一片/张a piece of（把某物）混合在一起mix (sth.) together把装满f川with.把某物和某物混合mix sth. and sth.很长一段时间for a long time把某物覆盖上某物cover sth. with sth.一个个地one by one在这个时候at this time提供某物给某人serve sth. to sb.一勺a spoon

47、of给某人提供某物serve sb. sth.混合mix up、重点句子:1. Turnon_ the blender.打开搅拌器。实义动词与副词构成的短语，如：cut up, mix up, turn on等，后面跟名词作宾语时，名词 既可以放于动词和副词的中间，也可以放于副词的后面；但如果宾语是宾格人称代词时，只 能够放在动词和副词的中间。通常来说， on, off, up, down, in, out, back, away与实义动词连用 时，作副词用。如：(1) Please cut up the bananas.= Please cut the bananas up.(2) She

48、is mixing up the yogurt.= She is mixing the yogurt up.(B ) (3) We have to cut up.A. theyB. themC. theirD. theirs(C ) (4) You need to.A. mix up itB. mixes up it C. mix it upD. mixes it up2. Then, add the cabbage, tomatoes and onion and cookfor another 10 minutes.然后力口 入卷心菜、西红柿和洋葱，再煮上 10分钟。another +基数词

49、+名词，表示一种“追加”功能，意思是“冉” 。another也可以用more代替，但结构不同：基数词 + more +名词。如上句的同义句是：Then, add the cabbage, tomatoes and onion and cookfor 10 more minutes.3. Do you know how to plant a tree?你知道怎样种树吗？疑问词后面的动词通常要变为动词不定式，与前面的疑问词一起构成特殊的动词不定式 短语，作谓语动词的宾语。如：(1) Do you know what to do (do) this afternoon?(D ) (2) Can yo

50、u tell me where them?A. to meetB. should I meet C. I should meet D. A and C4. Do you like lettuce in a sandwich?你喜欢生菜三明治吗？同义句： Do you like a sandwich with lettuce?Finally, cut the turkey into thin pieces and eat the meat with vegetables like carrots and potatoes.最后，把火鸡切成薄片，和萝卜、土豆等蔬菜一起吃。5. These days

51、, most Americans still celebrate this idea of giving thanks by having a big meal at home with their family.如今，大部分美国人仍然由于这个原因而庆祝这个节日，他们 在家里与家人共进丰盛的一餐来表达感恩。“by + doing (动词-ing形式)”构成方式状语，意思是“通过某种方式(做某事)如：I study English by watching (watch) English movies.我通过观看英语电影来学习英语。6. Now, it's time _toenjoy th

52、e rice noodles.现在，该是享用米线的时候了。句型：It is time for + sth.(事物名词).该是做某事的时候了。同义句：It is time + to do sth.(动词不定式短语)或：It is time for + doing sth.(动词-ing形式)如上句的同义句：It is time for enjoying the rice noodles.四、语法：(一)可数名词和不可数名词。1 .普通名词按是否可以直接计量数量可分为可数名词和不可数名词。个体名词和集体名 词可以直接计算它们的数量，称为可数名词(Countable Noun§ ；物质名词

53、和抽象名词一般无 法直接计算它们的数量，称为不可数名词(Uncountable Noun§。2 .可数名词：可数名词有单数形式、复数形式之分，表示一个人或事物的可数名词用单 数形式，表示两个或两个以上的人或事物的可数名词用复数形式。可数名词的复数形式的构 成规则及例词列表如下：情况构成方法例词一般直接在名词词尾加-smap-maps, boy-boys, tree-trees;以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加-esbus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes, brush-brushes;以车有音字母+ y结尾的名词改y为i再加-esbaby-babi

54、es, family-families以f/fe结尾的名词改f/fe为v再加-eslife-lives, leaf-leaves, wife-wives以兀首子母 o结尾的名词，有生命的 tomato/potato/hero力口-es,无生命的力口 -s: photos, pianos radios, zoos, videos.3 .不可数名词：(1)不可数名词所表示的事物不能直接用数词来计量它的数量，因此不能用不定冠词 a/an数词等词语修饰，没有复数形式，但可以用some/any, little/a little, much, a lot of/lots of等词语来修饰。(2)不可数名词需要计量数量时，要加上表示数量单位名词、容器名词(即汉语中的量 词)。不可数名词数量的表示法：数词+(形容词)+单位/容器名词