unit7Grammarfocus含情态动词的被动态

1、Section AGrammar Focus cry all night stay by ones side sleep in warm arms run through the field make sure keep sb. from danger give sb. a hug lift up talk back整夜哭整夜哭待在某人身边待在某人身边睡在温暖的臂弯里睡在温暖的臂弯里 穿过田野穿过田野确定；确保确定；确保使某人远离危险使某人远离危险拥抱某人拥抱某人举起，提起举起，提起回嘴；顶嘴回嘴；顶嘴Translate the phrases. watch scary movies give

2、 sb. awful dreams be back by ten think back to those times cough for days have scary dreams be late for school stay out regret doing sth.看恐怖电影看恐怖电影带给某人恶梦带给某人恶梦在在10点前回来点前回来 回想那些时光回想那些时光咳嗽好几天咳嗽好几天做可怕的梦做可怕的梦上学迟到上学迟到待在外面；不回家待在外面；不回家后悔做过某事后悔做过某事I think students should be allowed to do homework with frien

3、ds.Sixteen-year-olds should not be allowed to drive.Do you think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to choose their own clothes?Look at these sentences.含情态动词的被动语态含情态动词的被动语态肯定句肯定句: : 主语主语+ + 情态动词情态动词+be+ +be+ 动词过去分词动词过去分词. .否定句否定句: : 主语主语+ +情态动词情态动词+ +not+ be+ +动词过去分词动词过去分词. .疑问句疑问句: : 情态动词情态动词+ + 主

4、语主语+ be+ + be+ 动词过去分词动词过去分词? ?(一一)将主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。将主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。(二二)将含情态动词的主动句式变成被动句式，将含情态动词的主动句式变成被动句式，即：即：“情态动词情态动词+动词原形动词原形”变成变成“情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词过去分词”，然后再在其后加，然后再在其后加“by+主主动句中的主语动句中的主语(人称代词用宾格人称代词用宾格)”。by短语短语也可省略。也可省略。 请看下列各句：请看下列各句：转变方法转变方法You should finish your homework first.Your homewor

5、k should be finished (by you) first. You can take this magazine home. This magazine can be taken home (by you). 含情态动词的疑问句、否定句的变化均需含情态动词的疑问句、否定句的变化均需借助于情态动词完成。借助于情态动词完成。 1. 一般疑问句一般疑问句：直接将被动语态的陈述句：直接将被动语态的陈述句中的情态动词提前。中的情态动词提前。 Must this task be finished at once? 这项任务必须立即完成吗？这项任务必须立即完成吗？句式变换句式变换注意：含情态动

6、词的被动语态的一般疑问句注意：含情态动词的被动语态的一般疑问句的回答，应保留原情态动词，但的回答，应保留原情态动词，但must表表“必必须须”时，其否定回答应用时，其否定回答应用neednt；need表表“必要必要”时，其肯定回答应用时，其肯定回答应用must。如：。如： - Must my exercise book be handed in now? 我的练习本必须现在上交吗？我的练习本必须现在上交吗？ - Yes, it must. 是的，必须现在上交。是的，必须现在上交。 （No, it neednt. 不，不必现在上交。）不，不必现在上交。） - Need he be operate

7、d on at once? 他必须立即手术吗？他必须立即手术吗？ - Yes, he must. 是的，他必须。是的，他必须。 （No, he neednt. 不，他不必。）不，他不必。） 2. 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 ：由特殊疑问词加上被动语态由特殊疑问词加上被动语态的一般疑问句构成。的一般疑问句构成。 When must this task be finished? 这项任务必须在什么时候完成？这项任务必须在什么时候完成？3. 否定句否定句： 在情态动词后面加上在情态动词后面加上not或或never即可，但即可，但must表表必要必要时否定式为时否定式为neednt。 This task n

8、eednt be finished at once. 这项任务没必要立即完成。这项任务没必要立即完成。 4. 反意疑问句反意疑问句：借助情态动词构成附加疑问：借助情态动词构成附加疑问部分。如：部分。如： This bridge can be built next year, cant it? 这座桥明年能建成，是吗？这座桥明年能建成，是吗？ Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. 应该允许青少年选择他们自己的服装。应该允许青少年选择他们自己的服装。Students should not be allowed to hav

9、e part-time jobs. 不应该允许学生们做兼职工作。不应该允许学生们做兼职工作。Can these books be taken out of the reading room? 可以把这些书带出阅览室吗？可以把这些书带出阅览室吗？When must the work be finished? 这些工作必须什么时候完成？这些工作必须什么时候完成？ 2. Parents should encourage teenagers to do social work for their community.3. Can Lucy do her homework tomorrow instea

10、d?Teenagers should be encouraged (by their parents) to do social work for their community.Can the homework be done (by Lucy) tomorrow instead?4a4a Rewrite the sentences according to the example.4. Do you think we must keep teenagers away from the Internet?5. Parents should give teenagers chances to

11、make their own decisions.Do you think teenagers must be kept away from the Internet?Teenagers should be given chances to make their own decisions.The keysThe keys be askedare allowed4b4b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets.be educatedstartmovetakecontinue4c4c What rule

12、s should an English club have? Make a list of rules for it.Sample Dialogue 1Sample Dialogue 1 A: Members should be allowed to use dictionaries. B: Yes, but they should only use English-English dictionaries. Members are allowed to use English-English dictionaries.A: Members shouldnt be allowed to spe

13、ak Chinese.B: I agree. Only in this way can you improve your English.Sample Dialogue 2Sample Dialogue 2 Young trees should _ every year. A. be planted B. planted C. plant . 按要求完成下列各句每空一词含缩写。按要求完成下列各句每空一词含缩写。 1. We must do the work right now. (改为被动改为被动语态语态) _ _ _ _ _ right now. AThe work must be done

14、. 选择最佳答案。选择最佳答案。 2. Teenagers should be allowed to go out with their friends on school nights. (改为否定句改为否定句 )Teenagers _ _ _ to go out with their friends on school nights. 3. A book should be read each month. (改为一改为一般疑问句般疑问句) _ _ _ _ _ each month?shouldnt be allowedShould a book be read 1. Their work

15、 must _ (finish) by four oclock. 2. Your homework should _ (do) by yourself. 3. These books mustnt _ (take) out of the reading room.4. Should these food _ (keep) dry?be finished be done be taken be kept III. 用所给词的适当形式填空。用所给词的适当形式填空。 IV. 句型转换句型转换1. You should make up the bed every day. (改改为被动语态为被动语态)

16、 The bed _ _ _ up every day. 2. We cant see stars in the day time. (改为被改为被动语态动语态) Stars _ _ _ in the day time. 3. You must return the book on time. (改为被改为被动语态的一般疑问句形式动语态的一般疑问句形式) _ the book _ _ on time? should be madecant be seenMustbe returned【2011天津天津】39. Today a lot of information can _ online. A

17、. receive B. be received C. is received D. receiving答案：答案：B 【解析解析】 被动语态。今天有很多信息能在网上被动语态。今天有很多信息能在网上收到，信息被收到要用被动语态。含有情态动收到，信息被收到要用被动语态。含有情态动词的被动语态的构成：情态动词词的被动语态的构成：情态动词+be +过去分过去分词。词。【2011浙江金华浙江金华】22. Must we clean the classroom now? No, you neednt. It _ after school. A. may clean B. must clean C. ne

18、ed be cleaned D. can be cleaned答案：答案：D 【解析解析】由句意可知由句意可知it指指classroom，it和和clean为被动关系，所以用被动语态，含有情态动词为被动关系，所以用被动语态，含有情态动词的被动语态结构为的被动语态结构为“情态动词情态动词+be+动词过去分动词过去分词词”。排除。排除A和和B。need意为意为“需要需要”，can意意为为“可能，可以可能，可以”。由句意。由句意“我们必须现在我们必须现在就打扫教室吗？就打扫教室吗？不，不必要。可以放学后打不，不必要。可以放学后打扫扫”可知可知, 故选故选D。【2013山东青岛山东青岛】 The so

19、ng reminds me of my old school days as soon as it _. A. is played B. plays C. will be played D. will play答案：答案： A【解析解析】考查被动语态的用法。句意：这考查被动语态的用法。句意：这首歌被播放的时候，使我想起了我的学生首歌被播放的时候，使我想起了我的学生时代。时代。it作作play的承受者，故用被动语态。的承受者，故用被动语态。【2013浙江宁波浙江宁波】Have you finished your project? Not yet. Ill finish it if I _ ten

20、 more minutes. A. give B. am given C. will give D. will be given答案：答案：B【解析解析】考查动词的被动语态。句意考查动词的被动语态。句意“如果如果再给我十分钟我会完成它。再给我十分钟我会完成它。”主语与动词主语与动词give之间是被动关系，在条件状语从句中用之间是被动关系，在条件状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。一般现在时表将来。【2013福建泉州福建泉州】 If we take a shower instead of bath, more water _. I agree with you. A. has saved B. can save C. can be saved答案：答案： C【解析解析】考查被动语态。句意：考查被动语态。句意：如果如果我们用淋浴而不是在浴缸里洗澡的话，会我们用淋浴而不是在浴缸里洗澡的话，会节省更多的水。节省更多的水。我赞同你。情态动词我赞同你。情态动词的被动语态的构成是：情态动词的被动语态的构成是：情态动词+be +动词动词的过去分词。的过去分词。 翻译下列句子。翻译下列句子。1. 需要好好地教育青少年。需要好好地教育青少年。_2. 这辆小汽车不能修了。这辆小汽车不能修了。_3. 这封信必须现在寄出去吗？这封信必须现在寄出去吗？_4. 会议应该在哪举行？会