高中语音知识与总结

1、高中英语语音知识与总结一、有关语音的概念1、音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。apple，student，teacher，understand2、元音：发音响亮，是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20个元音。3、辅音：发音不响亮，不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28个辅音。4、开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike home due; b) 辅音+元音 he，go，hi5、闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad，bed，sit，hot，cup; b)元音+辅音it6、重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。6二、元音1、元音发音举例1) i: sea，he，see，piece，ceilin

2、g2) i sit，build，miss，myth3) e bed，desk，head4) æ bad，land，bank，stamp5) a: car，fast，class，plant，calm，aunt6) hot，want7) : door，more，sport，ball，warm，author，court，bought，caught8) u: good，who，blue，soup9) u look，put，women，could10) cup，come，blood，rough11) : girl，work，serve，nurse12) cadre，ago，forget，pol

3、ite，dollar，doctor，famous，saturday13) ei cake，they，play，eight，great14) ai bike，die，neither，light，try，find，height，eye15) u phone，cold，boat，soul，grow16) au house，town17) i boy，oil18) i dear，idea，deer，here，fierce19) pear，care，there，fair20) u tour，poor2、容易混淆的元音1) e æ bed bad; men man; pen pan; lend

4、land2) i: ei real rail; greet great; mean main; read raid3) e ai bet bite; red write; said sidehead hide4) au : house horse; loud lord; south sauce; now nor; count corn; 5) au found fond; gown gone; down 三、辅音1、辅音发音举例1) p pen2) b bed，comb3) t tell4) d，day，played5) k cold，sky，quick，school，back，accept6

5、) g big，go，guess，language7) m man8) n nine，knife，autumn9) bank，uncle，english，sing10) l land，world11) r read，write12) f five，cough，laugh13) v voice，of14) think15) ð this，bathe16) s sit，miss，science，case，scarf17) z zoo，close18) sure，she，social，nation19) pleasure20) h hot，who，hour21) w wall，what，a

6、nswer22) j yes23) t child，teach，catch24) d joke，bridge25) ts boats26) dz goods27) tr tree28) dr dream2、容易混淆的辅音1) v w vet wet; vest west; very well2) s sink think; sort thought; mass math3) z ð closing clothing; breeze breathe; 4) n thin thing; ban bang; win wing四、读音规则(1) 元音字母在重读音节中的读音元音字母读 音例 词

7、a在开音节中einame plane jane baby cake在闭音节中æbag dad hat map black backe在开音节中i:he these me chinese在闭音节中ebed let pen desk yes eggi在开音节中aibike fly drive time nice kite在闭音节中ifish big drink sit milk swimo在开音节中outhose close go hoe home no在闭音节中clock not box shop socku在开音节中ju:student excuse duty tuesday在闭音节

8、中bus cup jump much lunch在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读u:音，例如：june blue ruler super。这两个词livei，givei保留了古英语的发音。（2）元音字母在非重读音节中的读音元音字母读 音例 词achina another woman breakfastiorange comrade village cabbageehundred student open weekendichicken pocket begin childreni/iholiday beautiful family animalaiexercise sat

9、elliteosecond tonight somebody welcomeualso zero photouautumn difficultju(:)popular congratulation january动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读ei音，例如：operateu处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读u(:)音，如：july influence issue在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作音，也可以读作i音。不符合规则的词：robot n.机器人 alcohol n.酒精 （3）元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音元音字母读 音例 词a在w音后面wa

10、nt what watch wash qualitya在f, n, sk, ph, sp, ss, st, th前:after plant graph ask grasp glass fast fatheri在-nd -ld和gh前aifind child light higho在-st -ld前umost postcard old coldo在m n v th前come monkey love mother（4）-r音节元音字母在重读音节中的读音元音字组读 音例 词arar在w音后面:car farm dark sharpener:warm quarter towardsoror在w音后面:

11、forty morning short:word worker worseer ir ur 在重读音节中:certainly bird thursday辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。 例如： carry sorry hurry-r音节在非重读音节中通常读 音，例如：dollar teacher forget saturday例外的词：attorney: worn: sword: quarrel surround sur-不重读 suppose sup-不重读 collect col-不重读（5）-re音节元音字母在重读音节中的读音元音字组

12、读 音例 词arecare dare hareereihere mereireaifire hire wire ore:more score beforeurejupure cureare ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读音，例如：picture pleasure不符合规则的词：there where sure u （6）元音字母在重读音节中的读音元音字组读 音例 词ai/ayeiafraid rain wait day playairair hair chair pair repair alal在f m前small ball talk wall all:l

13、always also salt almost:half calmau/aw:autumn daughter draweai:teach easy cheap pleaseeheavy bread sweater weathereibreak great earihear dear near clear yearbear pear wear swear:earth learn earlyeei:jeep week green threeeeripioneer deer beerei/eyeieight neighbor theyi:either keyeu/ew在j l r s后ju:new

14、few newspaperu:flew brew jewelry ie/eis音之后i:piece field receiveoaoucoat joan boat goaloar/oor:roar board door flooroi/oyinoise point boy toiletoou:broom food tooth schoolubook look cook foot goodou / owauflower house count downuknow row throw thoughyoung country enoughu:group you soupour:course your

15、 fourauour hour ours:journeyui在j l r s后ju:ifluid suicide tuitionu:juice fruit suit不符合规则的词：because: laugh: i idea really / beautifuleitheri:美语发音abroad: knowledge :长音短化现象ou /ow的另一种发音:，cough thought（7）非重读音节中元音字母和字群的读音元音字组或字群读 音例 词ai/ay ei/eyisunday foreign monkey owuyellow sparrow tomorrow元音字组在非重读音节中读音

16、或i。例如: neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee-sion -tionnimpression nation -sion在元音字母后 ndecision occasion -tion在s后tnquestion suggestion-stensnlisten-stleslwhistle-sure pleasure measure -turetpicture culture（8）辅字母的读音辅字组读 音例 词bbbike bus bag/bomb tomb  cc在e前或在i/y前kcake picture coat musicsface dec

17、ide cinemachtmuch chick rich teacherkschool headache chemistrymachine chicago-ckkcock pocket black knockdddoctor bread hand day -dged bridge fridgedr-drchildren driver drinkfffive four breakfastgg在e i/y前g bag garden go d/orange large german ghfcough enough/light daughter highgu- -guegguess league di

18、alogue guitarwlanguage anguish hhhot head house hand/hour honestjd jeep jar joke join julykkkind bike skate make weekkn-nknife know knocklllife milk school tallmmmonkey come autumn-mnmautumn column solemnnn在k g音前nnot shine ten note uncle thank hungry-ngmorning young wrongpppaper plane pig ship penphfelephant photo telephoneqkiraqqu-kwquality quite rrred rubber rulers在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前ssit sleep deskzmusic husbandsc-skscarletsmuscle scienceshshe fish shirt washt在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前tten letter meetpatient nationtchtwatch th在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾-the -ther中thin th