状语从句重点难点

1、名词性从句名词性从句状语从句状语从句主从复合句主从复合句the Adverbial 状语状语 修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。 在复合句中由在复合句中由从句表示的状语从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。状语，或是整个句子。状语从句在句首时，状语从句在句首时，往往往往有逗号使从句与主句隔开有逗号使从句与主句隔开。状语从句通常由一个。状语从句通常由一个连词连词引起，也可以

2、由一个引起，也可以由一个起连词作用的词组起连词作用的词组引起。引起。 u 准确掌握每一个准确掌握每一个连词连词的含义是掌握状语从句的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。的关键。u 同时要注意主从句的同时要注意主从句的时态呼应时态呼应。九种常用的状语从句九种常用的状语从句 时间状语从句时间状语从句地点状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句目的状语从句目的状语从句方式状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句比较状语从句 状语从句有九种，状语从句有九种， 时地原因条状补，时地原因条状补，目比结果方让步，目比结果方让步，连词引导各不同；连词引

3、导各不同；主句通常前面走，主句通常前面走， 连词引导紧随后，连词引导紧随后，从句若在主前头，从句若在主前头， 主从之间有个逗。主从之间有个逗。Identify the types of the Adverbial Clauses. 1. While I was wondering at this, our schoolmaster took his place. ( )2. Where there is a will, there is a way. ( )3. Now that/Since everybody is here, lets begin our meeting. （ ）4. Il

4、l speak slowly so that you can understand me. ( )5. So clever was he a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems. ( )6. As long as you dont lose heart, youll succeed. ( )7. Try as he might, he could not find a job. ( )8. The old lady treats the boy as if he were his own son. (

5、) 9. The more I can do for the class, the happier Ill be. ( )时间时间地点地点原因原因目的目的结果结果条件条件让步让步方式方式比较比较 1 状语从句连词的含义及用法比较；状语从句连词的含义及用法比较； 2、no matter wh- 与与 wh-ever 引导的从句引导的从句的区别；的区别； 3、状语从句的时态问题；、状语从句的时态问题； 4、状语从句倒装及省略问题；、状语从句倒装及省略问题； 5、状语从句与其它从句区别。、状语从句与其它从句区别。When I lived there, I used to go to the seas

6、hore on Sundays.The plane had already taken off when I got to the airport.When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.总结：when的用法 1When he was a young man, he was fond of hunting.As a young man, he was fond of hunting.总结：when的用法 2时间状语从句时间状语从句问题问题1:1. (04北京春) We were swimming in the lake _ s

7、uddenly the storm started. A. when B. while C. until D. before2. (02上海) He was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder. A. as B. until C. whileD. when3. (05上海) He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it. A. where B. when C. thatD. until4. (05

8、福建) Did Jack come back early last night? Yes. It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home. A. Before B. when C. that D. until5. (06辽宁) He was about halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears. A. why B. where C. when D. whileA AD DB BB BC C连接词连接词when的用法小结的用法小结 when可用来引导时间状语从句，意为可用

9、来引导时间状语从句，意为“当当的时候的时候”从句的谓语动词可以是延续的，也可以是短暂的。如：从句的谓语动词可以是延续的，也可以是短暂的。如： When the film ended, they went back. When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.2. When 常用于下列句式：常用于下列句式：意为意为“就在那时就在那时/这时这时,突突然然.”，相当于，相当于and this/that time,表示一种没有预料表示一种没有预料到的新情况出现到的新情况出现如：如： was doing somethingwh

10、en was about to dowhen was on the point of doing sth. when had donewhen注意同一个从属连词的多义性：连接词连接词when的用法小结的用法小结3. when可以表可以表“既然既然, 考虑到考虑到”(considering that)，如：如： How can I help them to understand when they wont listen to me?4. when可以表条件，意为可以表条件，意为“倘若，如果倘若，如果”(if)，如：，如：How can I get a job when I cant even

11、read or write?5. when可以表转折，意为可以表转折，意为“虽然，然而，可虽然，然而，可是是”(although)，如：，如： He claimed to be 18 when I know shes only 16.问题问题2:6. (06天津) The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, _ the quality of life is probably one of the highest. A. since B. when C. as D. while7. (04年江苏) _ I accep

12、t that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless8. _it is true that a students most important goal is to do well in his or her studies, it doesnt need to be the only goal. A when B As C While D Before25. Mary made coffee her guests were finishing their m

13、eal.(全国) A. so that B. although C. while D. as ifD DA AC CC C 1. while可用来引导时间状语，意为可用来引导时间状语，意为“当当的时候的时候”；引导的动作必须是延续性，引导的动作必须是延续性，侧重主句与从句的动作相侧重主句与从句的动作相对比。对比。如：如： Please dont talk so loud while others are working. 2. while作为并列连词，意为作为并列连词，意为“而，却而，却”，表示对比。，表示对比。 Jane was dressed in brown while Mary was

14、 dressed in blue. 3. while也可用来引导让步状语，也可用来引导让步状语，置于句首置于句首，意为，意为“尽尽管，虽然管，虽然”，相当于相当于although。 While I admit that the problems are difficult , I dont agree that they cant be solved. 4 有有 “趁趁的情况赶紧做的情况赶紧做, 否则来不及了否则来不及了”的意思。的意思。 Strike while the iron is hot.连接词连接词while的用法小结的用法小结 1.as可用来引导时间状语，意为可用来引导时间状语，意

15、为“一边一边一边一边”；“随随着着”。如：。如： She sang as she walked home all the way. She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music.As she grew older, she became more beautiful. 2.as也可用来引导原因状语从句意为也可用来引导原因状语从句意为“因为因为”。如：。如： As she is free today, she would like to do some shopping. 3.as还可用来引导让步状语从句（通常用倒装结构

16、）意还可用来引导让步状语从句（通常用倒装结构）意为为“尽管尽管”。如：。如： Hard as he worked, he cant work out the problem. Child as he is, he knows a lot.连接词连接词as的用法小结的用法小结 as引导让步状语从句的基本结构：引导让步状语从句的基本结构：形容词形容词/ /副词副词/ /分词分词/ /不带冠词的名词不带冠词的名词/ /动词动词原形原形+ as/though + as/though +主语主语+ +谓语谓语( (助动词助动词/ /情情态动词态动词) )Pround as/though he is, h

17、es afraid to see me.Try as he might, he couldnt manage it. Fast as you read, you cant finish it.Boy as he is, he knows a lot about the world.连接词连接词when, while, as的用法区别：的用法区别：when, while, as这三个连词都可表示这三个连词都可表示“当当的时候的时候”，使用时应注意：使用时应注意：1、when可表示一个可表示一个时间点时间点，也可表示一个，也可表示一个时间段时间段。如：。如：When he came in, we

18、were having supper.When we were having supper, the light suddenly went out.2、while则只表示一个时间段则只表示一个时间段。它所引导的时间状语。它所引导的时间状语从句从句中常用进行时态中常用进行时态。如：如： When/While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring. While he was watching TV, the boy fell asleep.3、as则强调则强调主句和从句的动作在同一时间进行主句和从句的动作在同一时间进行;也

19、可表示也可表示“随着随着”， 。She sang as she walked along.As the election approached, the violence got worse.问题问题3:1. (01北京春北京春)Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? Yes. I gave it to her _ I saw her. A. whileB. the moment C. suddenlyD. although2. (1998上海上海) I thought her nice and honest _ I met

20、her. A. first time B. for the first time C. the first timeD. by the first time3. _ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report. A. He hardly had B. Had he hardly C. Hardly had heD. Hardly he had B BC CC C小结：1一些词如一些词如: the moment, the minute, the instant, immediately, directl

21、y, instantly, no soonerthan, hardly/scarcelywhen, 等也可引导时间状语从句，相当等也可引导时间状语从句，相当于于as soon as的意思。的意思。 I came immediately you called me up.2一些含有一些含有time的名词短语，如的名词短语，如: the first /second/last time,every/each time, next time, by the time等，也可引等，也可引导时间状语从句。导时间状语从句。The first time I drove the car, I felt very

22、 nervous.Next time you come, please bring your composition.3. 如果如果hardly/no sooner/scarcely置于句首，他们引导的置于句首，他们引导的分句要分句要部分倒装部分倒装，使用过去完成时，而主句用一般过去时。，使用过去完成时，而主句用一般过去时。Hardly /scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.问题问题4:1. (03北京春北京春) Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? Yes.

23、 He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade. A. after B. unless C. until D. when2. (03上海上海) A good storyteller must be able to hold listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story. A. when B. unless C. after D. until3. It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _

24、 I realized she was a famous film star. A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; thenC CD DB Btill, until和和notuntil用法用法小结：小结：1. until/till从句从句用于肯定句用于肯定句时，时，主句为延续性动作主句为延续性动作，意为，意为“某动作一直某动作一直延续到延续到某时间点某时间点才停止才停止”。如：。如： We waited until/till he came. 2. 用于否定句用于否定句时，时，主句为主句为非延续性动词，非延续性动词，意为意为

25、“某动作某动作直到直到某时间某时间才开始才开始”。如：。如： He wont go to bed until her father returns.3till不可以置于句首，而不可以置于句首，而until可以。如：可以。如：Until you told me I had no idea of it.4notuntil句型中的强调和倒装：句型中的强调和倒装：It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. Not until you told me did I have any idea of it. （主句（主句使用部分倒装，使用部

26、分倒装，until引导的时间状语从句用陈述语序）引导的时间状语从句用陈述语序）问题问题5:1. (03年北京年北京) He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. A. until B. when C. beforeD. as2. (04福建福建) Scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. A. since B. after C. befor

27、e D. when3. (06四川四川)Why didnt you tell him about the meeting? He rushed out of the room_I could say a word. A. before B. untilC. whenD. after4. (05北京春北京春) It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. because C CC CA AB B连接词连接词before的小结：的小结：一、含义1. We had saile

28、d four days and four nights before we saw land.2. We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.3. Please write it down before you forget it.4. Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. 5. They would fight to death before they surrendered二、二、 从句中谓语不用否定式。从句中谓语不用否定式。 Before they reached the station

29、, the train had gone. 他们他们还没还没到火车站，火车到火车站，火车已已开走了。开走了。“才才” ” “不到不到就就” “以免，不然，以免，不然，趁趁” ” 与与can/could连用，表连用，表“还没来得及还没来得及.就就.” 与与will/would连用，表连用，表“宁愿宁愿也不也不” 三句型：三句型：It + be段时间段时间before.1）肯定句：表示）肯定句：表示“还要过多久才还要过多久才” ，强调时间的长。，强调时间的长。 It will be two years before he leaves the country. It was three weeks

30、 before he came back2）否定句）否定句: 表示表示“不多久就会不多久就会 .，没过多久就没过多久就., ”,强调时间的强调时间的短。短。 It wont be long before she comes back It wasnt long before he married again.3) “时间段时间段+ pass/go by + before sb. know /realize”, 常常译为译为“不知不觉就不知不觉就”。如：。如： A year passed before we knew it.3）It is时间时间since如：如： It is three yea

31、rs since she was in the army. It is three years since she joined the army. 考点考点: 易混淆句型易混淆句型it is + 时间时间+ since before when thatIt is five years _he finished his research.It was five years _he finished his research.It was five years later _he finished his research.It was 5 oclock _ he got home.It was

32、 at 5 oclock _ he got home.whenthatsincebeforethat 条件状语从句条件状语从句问题问题1：1、 It is known to all that _ you exercise regularly, you wont keep good health. （05重庆卷） A. unless B. whenever C. although D. if 2. You will be late _ you leave immediately. A. unless B. until C. if D. or3. The little boy wont go to

33、 sleep his mother tells him a story.（2010全国） A. or B. unless C. but D. whetherA AA AB Bunless 相当于 if not，意思是“除非”“如果不就”。这是高考的热点之一。问题问题2：1、_ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. （04北京春季）北京春季） A. Because B. As far as C. as if D. Even if 2、I always take something to re

34、ad when I go to the doctors _ I have to wait. （05全国卷全国卷3） Ain cas Bso that Cin order Das if B BA A as long as 与 as far as 都可引导条件状语从句，as long as 表示“只要”，as far as 表示“就而言, 在.看来”。in case 表示“以防”。让步状语从句让步状语从句问题问题1： 1、 _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. （04江苏）江苏） A. While B.

35、Since C. Before D. Unless2、Allow children the space to voice their opinions, _they are different from your own. (05湖南卷）湖南卷） A. untilB. even ifC. unless D. as though A AB B while 是高考中的高频词，它既可引导时间状语从句，又可引导并列句，还可引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。even if 等于 even though，表示“即使、尽管”。as though 等于 as if，引导方式状语从句，表示“好像、似乎”。问题问题

36、2： 1、 He tried his best to solve the problem, _ difficult it was. （05天津卷）天津卷） A. however B. no matter C. whatever D although 2、The old tower must be saved, _the cost. （05浙江）浙江） Ahowever Bwhatever Cwhichever Dwherever 3. English and French are taught here. You can choose _ you like. A. no matter whic

37、hB. whichever D. whateverA AB Bno matter wh- 与与wh-ever 的联系及区别：的联系及区别：no matter wh- 只引导让步状语从句。wh-ever即可引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句。No matter who/Whoever you are, I wont let you in.Whoever can help us will be welcome.C C 结果状语从句结果状语从句It is so good a story that Ill never forget it.It is such a good story that Il

38、l never forget it.1)such+ a/an +adj.+单数名词单数名词 +that clause such+adj.+复数复数名词名词/不可数名词不可数名词+that clause2)so +adj.+a/an+单数名词单数名词+that clause so + adv. + that clause3)so + many/few + 复数名词复数名词 +that clause so+ much/little+不可数名词不可数名词+ that clauseThe day must be breaking, _ the birds have begun singing. A.

39、because B. as C. for D. since原因状语从句原因状语从句 原因状语从句原因状语从句 1) because表示某件事情发生的表示某件事情发生的直接原因直接原因或理由。它的或理由。它的语气很强，因而常用来回答语气很强，因而常用来回答why的提问。在这几个连词中，的提问。在这几个连词中，它表示原因的它表示原因的语气最强语气最强。强调句中只用强调句中只用because表示原因。表示原因。It is becausethatHe didnt come to school yesterday because he was ill.2) since常常表示对方已经知道的既成事实表示对

40、方已经知道的既成事实,语气语气because弱，一般译成弱，一般译成“既然既然”。如：。如：Since you are here, why not stay for a few more days?3) as常用于常用于表示十分明显的原因表示十分明显的原因，说明因果关系，重点，说明因果关系，重点放在主句上，语气较弱，常译成放在主句上，语气较弱，常译成“由于由于”。as引导的从引导的从句在主句前。如：句在主句前。如：As its getting darker, we must go home now.4) for只是一个并列连词，只是一个并列连词，不出现在句首不出现在句首，表示推理或解表示推理或

41、解释，对前一个分句进行补充说明释，对前一个分句进行补充说明。如：。如：It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.目的状语从句目的状语从句 I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all. He wrote the name down for fear that(lest) he sho

42、uld forget it. （用虚拟语气：should+V原形） Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.比较状语从句比较状语从句（ asas,not as(so)as, more/-erthan,lessthan， the same as.）1)He doesnt work so hard as you do.2)There is as much ink in bottle A as in bottle B.3)The more you worry,the less youll succeed.4) Gold is much

43、 heavier than any other metal.5）I have seldom seen my mother pleased with my progress as she is now. A. so B. very C. too D. rather as if和和as though意义和用法大致一样，引导意义和用法大致一样，引导的从句多用虚拟语气，但也可用陈述语气。的从句多用虚拟语气，但也可用陈述语气。It seems as if it is going to rain. He walked as if he were drunk. 方式状语从句方式状语从句1) You must

44、 try to do as I did.2) Lets do as Mrs. Li teaches us.3) He talks as if he knew all about it. (与现与现在相反在相反 )4) They talked as if they had known each other for years. （与过去相反与过去相反）1. After the war，a new school building was put up _ there had once been a theatre. A. that B. whereC. which D. when2. - Dont

45、 look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages. - Oh, yes. _ others are weak, he is strong. A. If B. WhenC. Where D. Though3. - The thread of my kite broke and it flew away. - I had told you it would easily break _it was the weakest A. when B. where C. unless D. since地点状语从句地点状语从句地点状语从句只有两个连词地点状语从句只有

46、两个连词: where，whereverWhere - 在在地方，地方，Wherever - 无论哪里无论哪里.1.Put the medicine where you can easily get it.2.Where there is a will, there is a way.3.He follows her wherever she goes.4.Wherever you are, I will be right there waiting for you.状语从句的时态问题状语从句的时态问题问题问题1：1、The house could fall down soon if no o

47、ne_ some quick repair work. （04全国全国IV） A. has done B. is doing C. does D. had done 2、It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. （05北京春季）北京春季）A. before B. since C. after D. when 在条件，时间状语从句中，用一般现在时态表一般将来。在条件，时间状语从句中，用一般现在时态表一般将来。在在 since 引导的时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般过去引导的时间状语从句中，动词一般都用一般过去时，而主句常用现在完

48、成时。时，而主句常用现在完成时。C CB B难点：定点状语从句与定语从句、名词性从句的区别难点：定点状语从句与定语从句、名词性从句的区别:Where引导定语从句引导定语从句,从句从句前面应有一个表示地点的名前面应有一个表示地点的名词做先行词。词做先行词。用正确的连接词填空。用正确的连接词填空。1. A new theater will be built in the place _ there was a church 10 years ago.2. A new theater will be built in _ was a church 10 years ago.3. A new thea

49、ter will be built _ there was a church 10 years ago.where whatwhere 定语定语从句从句 宾语从句宾语从句 地点状地点状语从句语从句 状语从句的倒装问题状语从句的倒装问题问题问题1：1、So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. (01 上海上海) A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel2、Not until all

50、 the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was. (95 NMET)A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realizedC. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realizeD DA A 状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况：状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况： 否定词位于句首否定词位于句首: 如如not until so/such.that.句型中，句型中，so 、such位于句首，主位于句首，主句用部分倒装

51、。句用部分倒装。 as / though引导的让步状语从句。引导的让步状语从句。特别注意：特别注意： Hardly/Scarcely when No sooner than Child as he is, Hardly had he got to the station when the train left. No sooner had he got to the station than the train left. Child as he is, he can speak seven foreign languages.While watching TV, _.A. the doorb

52、ell rangB. the doorbell ringsC. we heard the door bell ringD. we heard the doorbell ringsC状语从句省略问题状语从句省略问题1：如果主从句主语一致，从句中又有：如果主从句主语一致，从句中又有“be”时，省略主时，省略主语和语和be，等。等。While still a student, she played many roles.When told the secret, he was surprised.When (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day

53、 and nightIf (you are) asked, you may come in. 2：从句中可省略：从句中可省略it+is。You can turn to me for help if necessary.If (it is) necessary / possible . Ill explain it to you again.状语从句省略问题状语从句省略问题状语从句与并列句的区别状语从句与并列句的区别问题问题1：1、Though he is in his sixties, _ he works as hard as a young man A. yet B. but C. and D. and yet2、 Excuse me for breaking in, _ I hav