国际商务函电Unit 8 Payment

1、Unit 8Terms of Payment支付方式支付方式Business LettersObjectivesp To know about payment termsp To learn the phrases and expressions about paymentp To learn how to write a business letter about paymentBusiness LetterspPayment is one of the most important steps in international trade. pThe method of payment f

2、or each transaction is to be agreed upon between the two trading parties at the time of placing an order. pThree methods in general: Remittance 汇付 Collection 托收 L/C (letter of credit) 信用证 I. IntroductionBusiness Letters1、 credit instruments 信用工具2、 modes of payment 支付方式3、 documents 单据International Se

3、ttlement 国际结算国际结算Business LettersInternational settlement Notes(票据票据)Bill of Exchange/draft 汇票Promissory Notes 本票Check 支票 1.Credit Instruments 信用工具信用工具Note/bill is an unconditional order in writing requiring the payer to pay a sum of money to the bearer or to the order of a third person at a fixed t

4、ime.Business LettersInternational settlement Notes Bill of Exchange（汇票）（汇票）: is an unconditional order in writing prepared by one party (drawer) and addressed to another (drawee) directing the drawee to pay a specified sum of money to the order of a third person (payee), or to the bearer, on demand

5、or at a fixed and determinable future time. Promissory Note（本票）（本票）: is an unconditional order in writing made by one party (issuer) to pay a sum of money to the other (payee), either at a fixed or determinable future time or on demand of the payee, under specific terms. Check（支票）（支票）: is defined as

6、 an unconditional order in writing drawn on a bank (drawee) signed by the drawer, requiring a bank to pay on demand a certain sum of money to the order of a named person or to the bearer.Business Letters Sample for draftBusiness Letters2. Modes of Payment 支付方式支付方式Remittance汇付汇付Mail Transfer (M/T) 信汇

7、信汇Telegraphic Transfer (T/T) 电汇电汇Demand Draft (D/D) 票汇票汇DocumentaryCollection跟单托收跟单托收D/P付款交单付款交单D/P at sight 即期付款交单即期付款交单D/P after sight远期付款交单远期付款交单 D/A 承兑交单承兑交单 L/C 信用证信用证Business Letters Remittance means the transfer of money from the buyer to the seller through a bank contracted. mail transfer (M

8、/T) 信汇 telegraphic transfer (T/T) 电汇 demand draft (D/D) 票汇 Generally, only when the transactions are rather small and the finance involved is small too can remittance be accepted. Payment for samples postage, commissions and small orders is usually made by T/T. Remittance 汇付汇付Business LettersRemitta

9、nce 汇付 T/T（电汇）（电汇）: is a method of transferring funds by telecommunication system such as telex or cable. Though it is done at a fast speed, the cost is relatively high. But SWIFT(环球同业环球同业银行金融电信学会银行金融电信学会) members are able to transfer funds at a much lower cost. D/D（票汇）（票汇）: the transfer can be made

10、 by a check that is sold to its customer. A bank instructs another branch/bank to pay upon demand a certain amount to the payee specified on the check. This check is called a bankers demand draft. M/T(信汇信汇)：means to transfer money by mail.Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication汇款

11、人向当地银行交付汇款人向当地银行交付本国货币，由银行开具本国货币，由银行开具付款委托书（付款委托书（payment order），用航空邮寄交），用航空邮寄交国外银行办理付出外汇国外银行办理付出外汇业务。业务。Business LettersCopyright 2009 by Lao Ping,From Lingnan College, Sun Yat-sen UniversityRelevant parties in remittance 汇款人（Remitter） 受款人（Payee or Beneficiary） 汇出行（Remitting Bank） 汇入行（Paying Bank）,

12、又称解付行Business LettersCopyright 2009 by Lao Ping,From Lingnan College, Sun Yat-sen UniversityT/T, M/T flow chartBusiness LettersCopyright 2009 by Lao Ping,From Lingnan College, Sun Yat-sen UniversitySWIFT简介简介 SWIFT是“Society Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication”环球同业银行金融电讯协会”的英文简称。是国际银行同业间非营

13、利性的国际合作组织，成立于一九七三年，总部设在比利时的布鲁塞尔。Business LettersCopyright 2009 by Lao Ping,From Lingnan College, Sun Yat-sen UniversitySWIFT的特点的特点 1.SWIFT1.SWIFT需要会员资格。我国的大多数专业银行需要会员资格。我国的大多数专业银行都是其成员。都是其成员。 2.SWIFT2.SWIFT的费用较低。同样多的内容，的费用较低。同样多的内容，SWIFTSWIFT的的费用只有费用只有TELEXTELEX（电传）的（电传）的18%18%左右，只有左右，只有CABLECABLE（电

14、报）的（电报）的2.5%2.5%左右。左右。 3.SWIFT3.SWIFT的安全性较高。的安全性较高。SWIFTSWIFT的密押比电传的的密押比电传的密押可靠性强、保密性高，且具有较高的自动密押可靠性强、保密性高，且具有较高的自动化。化。 4.SWIFT4.SWIFT的格式具有标准化。对于的格式具有标准化。对于SWIFTSWIFT电文，电文，SWIFTSWIFT组织有着统一的要求和格式。组织有着统一的要求和格式。Business Letters Collection(托收托收) means that the exporter draws a draft after shipment and t

15、hen instructs the bank to collect the amount of money from the importer. It includes: Documents against Payment (D/P) 付款交单付款交单 D/P at sight 即期付款交单 D/P after sight 远期付款交单 Documents against Acceptance (D/A) 承兑交单承兑交单Collection 托收托收Business LettersRelevant parties involved 委托人委托人（Principal） 托收行托收行（Remit

16、ting Bank） 代收行代收行（Collecting Bank） 提示行提示行（Presenting Bank） 付款人付款人（Payer）Business LettersPrincipal委托人委托人Remitting bank托收行托收行Collecting bank代收行代收行Payer付款人付款人13765428Business LettersCollection 托收托收D/P（付款交单）（付款交单）: means that the collecting bank will not transfer the shipping documents to the importer u

17、ntil he has paid the amount of money in question.D/P at sight （即期付款交单）：（即期付款交单）：requires immediate payment by the importer to get hold of documents.D/P after sight （远期付款交单）（远期付款交单）: the importer is given a certain period to make payment at 30, 45 or 60 days after presentation of the documents, but h

18、e is not allowed to get hold of the documents until he pay.D/A （承兑交单）：（承兑交单）： means that the collecting bank will transfer the shipping documents to the importer after he accepts the draft.Business LettersBusiness Letters分析分析 D/P远期与远期与D/A是否为同一性质是否为同一性质 出口商应加强对进口商的信用风险控制意识出口商应加强对进口商的信用风险控制意识Business

19、Letters代收行未完全执行托收行指示的责任问题代收行未完全执行托收行指示的责任问题在一笔托收业务中，托收行在托收指示中规定：在一笔托收业务中，托收行在托收指示中规定：“DOCS TO BE RELEASED ONLY AGAINST ACCEPTANCE“以及以及“PAYMENT ON DUE DATE TO BE GUARANTEED BY XXX BANK（代收行）。（代收行）。TESTED TLX TO THIS EFFECT REQUIRED.”代收行办理承兑交单后代收行办理承兑交单后，向托收行寄出承兑通知书，明确指出，向托收行寄出承兑通知书，明确指出“THE BILL ACCEP

20、TED BY DRAWEE”，到期日为，到期日为1994年年9月月13日。不久，当托收行查询有关承兑日。不久，当托收行查询有关承兑情况时，代收行复电再次告知情况时，代收行复电再次告知“DOCS HAVE BEEN ACCEPTED BY DRAWEE TO MATURE ON 940913。”在上述承兑通知书及查询答复在上述承兑通知书及查询答复中，代收行均未标明担保货款，亦未发出承诺担保的电传：托收行亦未中，代收行均未标明担保货款，亦未发出承诺担保的电传：托收行亦未就此提出任何异议。承兑汇票到期后，进口商拒付货款，代收行即向托就此提出任何异议。承兑汇票到期后，进口商拒付货款，代收行即向托收行发

21、出拒付通知。托收行认为托收指示中要求凭代收行到期付款的担收行发出拒付通知。托收行认为托收指示中要求凭代收行到期付款的担保放单，而代收行已将单据放给付款人，因此要求立即付款。代收行反保放单，而代收行已将单据放给付款人，因此要求立即付款。代收行反驳道，放单是基于付款人的承兑，代收行根据国际商会第驳道，放单是基于付款人的承兑，代收行根据国际商会第522号出版物号出版物没有担保到期付款的责任。虽经多次交涉，此纠纷仍未得到解决。没有担保到期付款的责任。虽经多次交涉，此纠纷仍未得到解决。Business Letters案例分析案例分析 本案争论的焦点是代收行未完全执行托收指示本案争论的焦点是代收行未完全执

22、行托收指示的责任问题。的责任问题。 根据国际商会根据国际商会522号文件关于托收指示的规定，号文件关于托收指示的规定，如果代收行不能遵守指示，应当回复托收行，如果代收行不能遵守指示，应当回复托收行，而代收行却未这样做，只是在托收行查询单据而代收行却未这样做，只是在托收行查询单据下落时才告知仅凭承兑放单。代收行违反了下落时才告知仅凭承兑放单。代收行违反了522号的规定。号的规定。 托收行的指示不符合托收业务的基本原则，实托收行的指示不符合托收业务的基本原则，实际上改变了托收的性质。际上改变了托收的性质。Business Letters托收项下的融资方式托收项下的融资方式买入票据买入票据出口托收押

23、汇出口托收押汇（Collection Bill Purchased）信托收据信托收据（Trust Receipt, T/R）凭银行保函（凭银行保函（bank guarantee）提货）提货Business Letters出口托收押汇出口托收押汇是托收行买入出口商开立的以进口商为付款人的跟单汇票以是托收行买入出口商开立的以进口商为付款人的跟单汇票以及随附的商业单据，将货款扣除利息及费用后，净额付给出及随附的商业单据，将货款扣除利息及费用后，净额付给出口商并通过国外代理行向进口商收款，以归还出口托收押汇口商并通过国外代理行向进口商收款，以归还出口托收押汇的一种融资方式。的一种融资方式。Busine

24、ss Letters信托收据（信托收据（T/R） 是代收行在进口商对托收未付款前凭其提是代收行在进口商对托收未付款前凭其提供的信托收据借出单据，便于他办理报关供的信托收据借出单据，便于他办理报关、提货及出售，取得的货款亦属代收行所、提货及出售，取得的货款亦属代收行所有，只能向代收行付款并赎回信托收据。有，只能向代收行付款并赎回信托收据。Business Letters Letter of Credit is an effective means to solve the commercial credit crisis between buyers and sellers. Since it

25、is a bank credit, L/C can facilitate trade with unknown buyers and giving protection to both the sellers and the buyers. Letter of Credit 信用证信用证As far as the sellers benefit is concerned, L/C D/P at sight D/P after sight D/ABusiness LettersThe Operation flow of L/CBusiness LettersLetters for Payment

26、 Letters regarding payment often fall into the following types: 1) discussing mode of payment 2) urging establishment of L/C 3) amending L/C 4) asking for extension of L/CBusiness LettersDocuments used in international settlement * Commercial Invoice 商业发票 * Packing List 装箱单 * Certificate of Origin 产

27、地证 * Insurance Policy 保险单 * Marine Bill of Lading, B/L 海运提单 * Combined Transport Document, CTD 联合运输单据 * Airway Bill 空运单 * Railway Bill 铁路运单 3. Documents 单据单据Business Letters国际惯例国际惯例 International Custom（Practice）1. .跟单信用证统一惯例跟单信用证统一惯例Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credit, ICC Publicati

28、on No.500, UCP 5002.托收统一规则托收统一规则Uniform Rules for Collection , URC 5223. .见索即付保函统一规则见索即付保函统一规则Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees ,URDG458 由国际商会由国际商会International Chamber of Commerce 制定制定Business LettersII. Words and ExpressionsBusiness Letters1. Banks Merchants Bank 招商银行招商银行 Bank of China 中国银行中国银行I

29、ndustrial and Commercial Bank of China 中国工商银行中国工商银行Agriculture Bank of China 农业银行农业银行 Construction Bank of China 建设银行建设银行 Citi Bank 花旗银行花旗银行 Communications Bank of China 交通银行交通银行 Pudong Development Bank 浦东发展银行浦东发展银行 Shenzhen Development Bank 深圳发展银行深圳发展银行 HKBC 汇丰银行汇丰银行 Standard Chartered Bank 渣打银行渣打银

30、行 The CITIC Bank 中信银行中信银行China International Trust and Investment Corporation Business Letters2. Words and Phrases discount 贴现 draft 汇票 Promisory Note 本票 cheque 支票 clean bill 光票 documentary bill 跟单汇票 Business LettersSight Bill 即期汇票 Time Bill 远期汇票 Usance Bill 远期汇票 Commercial Bill 商业汇票 Bankers Bill 银行

31、汇票 Business LettersCommercial Acceptance Bill 商业承兑汇票 Bankers Acceptance Bill 银行承兑汇票 invoice 发票 Performer Invoice 形式发票 Sample Invoice 样品发票 Consignment Invoice 寄售发票 Business LettersCertified Invoice 证明发票 Manufacturers Invoice 厂商发票 remittance 汇付 Mail transfer (M/T) 信汇 Demand Draft (D/D) 票汇 Business Let

32、tersAt sight 即期，见票即付 At.days (month)after sight 付款人见票后若干天（月）付款 At.days sight 付款人见票后若干天即付款 At.days after date 出票后若干天付款 At.days after B/L 提单签发后若干天付款 Business LettersDocuments against Payment (D/P) 付款交单 Documents against Payment at Sight (D/P sight) 即期付款交单 Documents against Payment after Sight (D/P sig

33、ht) 远期付款交单 Documents against Acceptance (D/A) 承兑交单 Cash Against Documents 凭单付款 Business LettersTelegraphic Transfer (T/T) 电汇 collection 托收 clean Bill for Collection 光票托收 Documentary Bill for Collection 跟单托收 Uniform Rules for Collection 托收统一规则 Business LettersCollection Advice 托收委托书 Advice of Clean B

34、ill for Collection 光票托收委托书 Collection Bill Purchased 托收出口押汇 Trust Receipt 信托收据 Business Letters3. ExpressionsNow we have settled the terms of payment. 现在我们已经谈妥了付款条件。 Shall we have a talk about terms of payment today? 我们今天谈谈付款条件怎么样？ What is the mode of payment you wish to employ? 您希望用什么方式付款？ Business

35、 Letters This is the normal terms of payment in international business. 这是国际贸易中惯用的付款方式。 We cant accept any other terms of payment. 我们不能接受其他的付款条件。 If you cant be more flexible, we wont accept your terms of payment. 如果你们不能灵活些，我们将不接受此种付款方式。 Business Letters Please protect our draft on presentation. 请见票

36、即付。请见票即付。 Your draft will be honoured on presentation. 你方的汇票见票即付。你方的汇票见票即付。 The draft was discounted in New York. 汇票已经在纽约贴现。汇票已经在纽约贴现。 Business Letters Our draft No.36 was dishonored. 我们的第三十六号汇票被拒付了。 Well be unable to meet these draft. 我们无力兑付这些汇票。 Weve drawn a clean draft on you for the value of thi

37、s sample shipment. 我们已经开出光票向你方索取这批货的价款。 Business Letters Weve drawn on you for payment of the invoice amounting to $20,000. 我们已经按照发票金额20，000美圆向你方开出了汇票。 The draft has been handed to the bank on clean collection. 汇票已经交银行按光票托收。 You can draw on me just as if there were a letter of credit. 您就当作有信用证一样，向我开

38、汇票托收。 Business Letters Were sending our draft through Bank of China for documentary collection. 我们将汇票交中国银行按跟单托收。 Well draw on you by our documentary draft at sight on collection basis. 我们将按托收方式向你方开出即期跟单汇票。 Business Letters Well draw a sight bill in favour of the Export Bank Singapore. 我们要开立一张以新加坡出口银

39、行为收款人的即期汇票。 Weve already remitted the amount by cheque. 我们已经将款以支票汇出。 We enclose a cheque for RMB200. 我们附上人民币200元的支票一张。 Business LettersWe regret we cant accept payment cash against document. 很抱歉，我们不能接受凭单付款办法。 Well agree to change the terms of payment from L/C at sight to D/P at sight. 我们同意将即期信用证付款方式

40、改为即期付款交单。 Business Letters We accept D/P payment for future dealings. 以后的交易我们以付款交单方式支付。 We can do the business on 60 days D/P basis. 我们可以按60天付款交单的方式进行交易。 We agree to draw at 30 days D/P. 我们同意开立30天期的付款交单汇票。 Business LettersAs a special sign of encouragement, well consider accepting payment by D/P at this sales-purchasing stage. 在此推销阶段，我们将考虑接受付款交单方式以资鼓励。 We regret we cant accept Cash against Docum