牛津教材词汇表与考纲词汇表差距词汇340个练习

1、牛津教材词汇表与考纲词汇表差距词汇340个练习 注明：由于牛津词汇表与考纲词汇表差距颇大，排除初中所学，仍然有300个左右不在牛津教材词汇表中其中不少教材已经涉及到了，但词汇表确实没有列入。江苏英语教师备课群组织教师对这些词汇进行编写，并扩展了一些。由于我们的水平有限，必然有诸多不足之处，虽然我们已经竭尽全力，请读者见谅。所有句子都是精选于权威词典，故可以放心句子的正确性。Lesson 1动词：admire 钦佩，夸奖 afford 给予，提供 assure使确信，向担保 anticipate预期，预料 bake供，培，烤 bump碰撞 chase追赶，追逐 claim称，宣称，号称要求；夺走

2、（生命） bounce弹跳，反弹 cancel 取消，相互抵消 caption为(照片或漫画)添加说明文字 communicate 沟通，交往，连接 compile 编译，汇编 consent同意，许可contrast对比，差异；使.对比 crush压碎，压皱，镇压analyze分析 collapse倒塌；崩溃;暴跌；昏倒complain 抱怨，投诉名词: assignment分配的任务；布置的作业 chase追赶，追逐claim声称，宣称bounce弹跳，反弹caption为(照片或漫画)添加说明文字consent同意，许可contrast对比，差异；使.对比collapse倒塌；崩溃;暴跌

3、；昏倒bump碰撞appendix 附录；阑尾 balcony 阳台露台 altitude 高处；高度；海拔 bay 海湾 beginning 起点，开端 booklet小册子bowl碗 bureaucracy官僚制度；官僚主义 career生涯，职业 charity 慈善；施舍 clause从句;分句;条款 client 委托人;当事人;（连接在服务器上的)客户机clue线索;迹象;提示bridegroom 新郎 budget 预算commodity 日用品，商品 crew 全体人员，群众 crayon 蜡笔，蜡笔画 code编码;代码;行为标准column专栏;支柱，柱子 commissi

4、on委员会;(银行等的)手续费;正式委托; complaint 诉苦，抱怨，牢骚;委屈;疾病 community社区;团体;共同体 communist 共产主义者形容词：blonde（头发）金黄色的 capable 有能力的，能干的 cautious 谨慎的，小心的 comprehensive 全面的，能充分理解的，广泛的 crucial 决定性的，重要的 complicated复杂的;难懂的;结构复杂的 conscious意识到的，注意到的 considerable相当多(大、重要等）的副词：anyway 总之，无论如何介词：according to 根据A. Use the verbs l

5、isted above to complete the following sentences. Change the form where necessary.1. An unknown terrorist group has_ responsibility for this morning's bomb attack.2. Lots of people lost their jobs when the property market _.3. To _ matters further, everybody's vitamin

6、 requirements vary.4. The ball _ twice before hitting the net.5. Their economy has expanded enormously, while ours, in _, has declined.6. We need someone who can _and respond to changes in the fashion industry.7. Many trains have been _ and a limited service is operating on other lines.8 . Most

7、 of the deaths were caused by landslides and _buildings9. The book is well written, properly illustrated and excellently _10. The album was _ from live recordings from last year's tour.11. After you_ a sentence grammatically, you should be able to understand its meaning better.12. If the se

8、rvice was so bad why didn't you _ to the manager?13. What I _ most about him was not his piano playing, his conducting or his composing, but his mindB. Use the nouns listed above to complete the following sentences. Change the form where necessary.1 .We received a number

9、 of _from customers about the lack of parking facilities.2. Individual members were encouraged to develop a range of skills and to help others to develop their _ on the job3 . How she manages to fit so much into a working day is beyond my _.4 . I can't rem

10、ember any moreI must have lost_.5. The company lost $7 million this quarter in _ to a profit of $6.2 million a year earlier.6. The thieves were caught by police after a short _.7. The President appealed to the international_ for aid for the flood victims.8. Explosions that occur at

11、60;high enough _ will lay down severe shock and fire damage.9. I took this new job because I felt that the _ prospects were much better.10. This is essential to facilitate the smooth running of a sale and to provide the _ with regular written status repor

12、ts.11. Bart's first_ for the newspaper was to report on the French elections12.The police think the videotape may hold some vital _to the identity of the killer.13.Nevertheless, many Third World countries still rely heavily on selling raw material _as their principal source of income.C. Use the

13、adjectives and adverbs listed above to complete the following sentences. Change the form where necessary.1I am _ optimistic that a new government will be concerned and aware about the environment.2. This means that the data analysis stage is as _ as the implementation(执行)stage of

14、 the computer applications。3. He is _ of anything if it furthers his ambition.4. He is acutely_  that this transition will bring with it the risk of social unrest.5. And even when you believe you have the right concept, it takes _ hard work, diligence, and skill to execute i

15、t well.6. We offer you a _ training in all aspects of the business.D .Complete the sentences using the set phrase of the words in bracketbump along颠簸行进 advance ones career 提升职业 claim to have discovered声称已经发现 crack up崩溃 be cautious about对谨慎 be conscious of

16、对敏感；对有意识的1. This standard of living_ without any significant increase.2. I think it would be difficult for me to _  at my present job.3. Researchers_ why some arthritis drugs can cause heart attacks and strokes.4. I thought I was going to _  under the stress, so I

17、went for a walk in the cold night to clear my head. 5. Companies seem_ investing money in research and development.6. I think she_ being the only person in the office who didn't have a university education.E. Translation according to the hints.1. 关键是要马上着手处理这一问题。(crucial)2. 邻居向警察抱怨狗叫。（c

18、omplain to）3. 我非常不情愿地同意借给她我得车子。（consent）4. 她父母反对她放弃学业，但她还是没有听。(anyway)Lesson 2重点单词动词：cope (成功地)对付，处理crack【同】break/hit/collapse（使）破裂；（使）裂开；（使）产生裂纹;身心疲惫；神经崩溃criticize 批评，批判；指责;评论，评判（书、影片等）define 给下定义;对作详细说明deny【同】decline/refuse 否认,否定;拒绝deduce（推断，推论deliberate 慎重考虑；仔细讨论deny 否认，否定despair 绝望；失去希望different

19、iate 辨别，区别;  构成间的差别，使不同于;区别对待digest （使）消化;理解，吸收（资讯）equate同等看待；使等同；使相等display 布置，排列，陈列;显露，表露，表示（某种情感）drown （使）淹死，（使）溺死；（被）覆盖；（被）淹没，（被）没过emphasize【联】emphasis (n.重要性;重点）【同】stress重读（单词或短语）；使明显，使突出enable使能够；使可能ensure  确保，保证entitle   使某人有权利，使某人有资格:书、戏剧等被命名为establish 【同】f

20、ound建立，创立，设立名词：council 委员会；理事会;（地区、镇、市的）政务委员会；地方议会county 县；郡crisis (pl. crises)危机;历史上的紧要关头critic批评者，反对者；（尤指电影、书籍、音乐等的）批评家，评论家criticism批评，批判；指责，反对;（尤指对书、电影等的）评论，评价current电流；水流；气流darling亲爱的，心爱的人discipline训练;纪律;行为准则；自制力;尤指大学的学科;科目definition释义,解释: 定义depression忧郁，抑郁；消沉，沮丧;抑郁症;（经济）萧条（期），不景气（时期）detail

21、详情，细节device装置，设备;器件despair绝望dialogue对话，对白devil魔鬼dictation口述，口授:听写的文章digest 文摘，摘要；文汇，简报district地区，区域:有正式边界的区，行政区estate财产;（位于乡村的）大片私有土地，庄园，种植园;（个人死后留下的全部）财产，遗产display 陈列品，展览品；陈列，展示，展览economy 经济; 经济状况; 经济制度；节约element成分；组成部分;元素;要素emotion 【同】feeling 情绪；情感empire 帝国;大企业;大集团employment就业人数;就业，工作engineering 工

22、程设计；工程学exception 不包括在内的人（或物）；例外形容词：critical a.批评（性）的；挑剔的；极重要的current 目前的，当前的，现在的cute 【同】pretty; attractive; smart可爱的；漂亮的,迷人的;聪明的definite 确定的，肯定的；明确的deliberate故意的，有意的demanding 【同】hard/ tough要求高的；费力的；苛求的；难满足的domestic 【同】home/household国内的; 家用的;驯养的，家养的economic 经济(上）的efficient 有效率的;高效能的elderly 上了年纪的，年龄较大

23、的，年老的essential 极其重要的; 必不可少的；最基本的; 本质的evil邪恶的，罪恶的其他： despite prep.尽管，不论【同】in spite of/regardless of【Exercises】A. Use the verbs listed above to complete the following sentences. Change the form where necessary.1.He had so much pressure on him in his job that eventually he just couldn't _.2. The wa

24、lls _ and the roof collapsed in the earthquake.3. The government is being widely _ in the press for failing to limit air pollution.4. We're a group of artists who meet to discuss things and _ each other's work.5. I'll now try to _ the term 'popular culture'.6. Can we _

25、from your silence that you do not approve? 7. He's _ whether or not to accept the new job that he's been offered.8. He will not confirm or_ the allegations.9. Neil _ breaking the window.10. No one should be _ a good education./A good education should be _to no one.11. Despite his illnes

26、s, Ron never _.12.What _ these two periods of history?13. This chapter is so difficult to _, I shall have to read it again later.14. He complained that there was a tendency to _ right-wing politics with self-interest.15. The British traditionally tend not to _ much emotion in public.16. A whole vall

27、ey was _ when the river was dammed.17.The dress _ the shape of her body.18.The hospital tries to _（=make sure ）that people are seen quickly.B. Use the nouns listed above to complete the following sentences. Change the form where necessary.1. If you've got any constructive (= positive) _ of the p

28、roject, I'd be glad to hear it.2. Switch off the electric _ before touching that machine.3. he stock market crash marked the start of a severe _.4. Rescuers used a special _ for finding people trapped in collapsed buildings.5. It's a typical country estate with a large house for the owner, f

29、arm buildings and _ workers' houses.6. She writes with such _ - I've never known a writer say so much in so few words.7.The _ prospects for science graduates are excellent.C. Use the adjectives，preposition and adverbs listed above to complete the following sentences. Change the form where ne

30、cessary.1. The report is highly _ of safety standards at the factory.2. Both drivers are critical/in a _ condition (= so badly hurt that they might die) after the 120mph crash.3. We need a _ answer by tomorrow.4.Her mother could be very _ at times.5. _ opinion had turned against the war.6. The count

31、ry has been in a very poor _c state ever since the decline of its two major industries.7. We need someone really _ who can organize the office and make it run smoothly.8. The _l point of relay racing is that it is a team effort.9. She was good at physics _（=in spite of/regardless of） the fact t

32、hat she found it boring.10.All the options are_（current） available.11. -"Is she not coming, then?" -"No, _ not."（definite）请同学们尝试完成以下重点短语的总结。cope with（成功地）对付，应付，处理crack (up) 身心疲惫；神经崩溃define sth as sthdeny yourself 节制，克制differentiate sth from sth 使它不同于equate to sth 相当于；等于in detail

33、详细地，详尽地be the despair of 是令某人担忧（心烦，痛苦）的人（事）:be in employment 有工作，在职no exception不例外【Exercises】C：Use the phrases listed above to complete the following sentences. Change the form where necessary.1. It must be difficult to _ three small children and a job.2. Stress and overwork are causing teacher

34、s to _.3.A budget _s 'a plan of action expressed in money terms'.4. Many parents _ so that their children can have the best.5.Its unusual nesting habits _ this bird _ others.6. The price of such goods in those days_ about $50 a kilo at current prices.7. He talked _ about the curtains he'

35、s chosen for his lounge.8. She is_ her teachers.9. Are you _ at the moment?10. Her books are always entertaining and this one is _.E: Translate the sentences into English with the patterns given.1. 今年对该公司而言，是非常困难的一年，这一点毋庸置疑。(there's no denying )_2.    有计划扩建飞机跑道让大型客机可以降落。（

36、0;enable sb / sth to do sth） _3.   全职雇员都有资格享受医疗保险。(be entitled to (do) sth）_4.   我们的飞行员要受到最好的培训，这是必不可少的（it is essential (that)）_Lesson 3动词：infer 推断;推定 install安装；设置;任命 insult侮辱，冒犯interpret 解释，说明 invest 投资 investigate调查；研究；侦查involve 包括；需要；涉及；（使）参加 justify 证明正确(或正当、有理

37、）;对作出解释launch 投放市场;发起，发动;发射(火箭等） identify 认定;识别，鉴别【同】recognizeillustrate 举例说明;作为例证说明;做插图 imply 暗示;说明;表明名词：fashion 时装，时尚，风尚 fate 命运的安排;命运feature特点;特色vt.特写；由主演vi.起重要作用；特写 gap 空隙，间隔；缺口，缝隙gene 基因 guys (pl.)美口伙计们;兄弟们;姐妹们 heating 供暖;供暖系统;供暖设备hell (H-)地狱;苦难的经历;悲惨的境况 property 知识产 issue 问题，议题item 项目；条目 junct

38、ion (公路或铁路的)交叉路口，汇合处，枢纽站；接头ladder 梯子；阶梯;途径 landscape 风景；山水画;地形;前景;概貌 layer 层;表层;层次lane 车道;（乡间)小路;巷;航线 laptop 笔记本电脑，便携式电脑 image 图像，影像;形象;典型形容词：formal刻板的;形式的;正式的 global 世界的;全面的 historic 历史性的historical (有关）历史的；历史研究的；历史题材的 ideal 想象的;理想的;最合适的immediate 立即的;立刻的；当前的;接近的 individual 个人的，个体的;个别的；单独的n.个人;个体 inn

39、er 里面的；内部的；内心的;隐藏的 intellectual 智力的，有智力的internal 内部的;体内的；国内的;本身的 joint 联合的;共同的n.关节;接合处;接点 keen 渴望的；热切的；喜爱的；机智的；强烈的副词：indoors 往室内；在室内 later 后来，以后【Exercises】A. Use the verbs listed above to complete the following sentences. Change the form where necessary.1. I didn't realize putting on a play_ so

40、much work.2. Crime has decreased since the security cameras were _. 3. Her success had _ the faith her teachers had put in her.4. It's difficult to_ these statistics without knowing how they were obtained.5. Police are still_ how the accident happened. 6.  The organization has _ a campaign

41、to raise $150,000.7. They _ us by ignoring our complaints.8. The doctor has stressed that her comments do not _ criticism of the study.9. Even the smallest baby can _ its mother by her voice.10. The exhibition will _ how life evolved from water.B. Use the nouns listed above to complete the following

42、 sentences. Change the form where necessary.1. The _ around Siena is incredibly beautiful.2. When we met again by chance in Cairo, I felt it must be _.3. The hotel is not responsible for any loss or damage to guests' personal _.4. I find driving in the fast _ rather stressful. 5. The Prime Minis

43、ter knows that his personal_ is his greatest political asset.6. A key_ for higher education in the 1990's is the need for greater diversity of courses.7. An important_ of Van Gogh's paintings is their bright colors.8. You should slow down as you approach the_. 9. The widening_ between the ri

44、ch and the poor is a serious problem of our country. 10. A thick_ of dust lay on the furniture. C. Use the adjectives and adverbs listed above to complete the following sentences. Change the form where necessary.1.It rained all day so we had to stay_. 2.We need to look at this issue _ rather than lo

45、cally. 3.She'll need great_ strength to get over the tragedy.4.She's hoping to find a job which is more demanding_.5.You can have the bathroom designed to suit your_ needs.6.We did it together; it was a _ effort. .7.My flatmates want to have a party, but I'm not _ on the idea.8.The schem

46、e offers an_ opportunity for youngsters to get training.9.'It is a_ moment,' he told journalists excitedly.10.Over the years, teaching methods have changed and become less_ and serious.请同学们尝试完成以下针对重点短语的练习。feature on的特写； common feature共同特征 fill the gap填补差额；bridge the gap填补空缺/弥合差距；generation g

47、ap 代沟 have a huge impact on sb/sth 对某人/某事有很大的影响 for instance 例如 involve doing sth.包括做某事; involve sb. in sth.让某人参与; be involved in参与/与有关联keen competition激烈的竞争career ladder 职场晋升；climb the ladder of success 攀登事业成功的阶梯 later on 以后；not later than不迟于【Exercises】D. Use the phrases listed above to complete th

48、e following sentences. Change the form where necessary.1. Running your own business usually long hours （意味着长时间工作）.2. We are delighted to see the Sunday Times running a long breast cancer（对进行特写）.3. The anti-smoking campaign young people.4. We won the contest in the face of .5. Please hand in the form

49、 2 oclock in the afternoon. 6. A large number of young people are in big cities such as Beijing and Shanghai. 7. His films attempt to between tradition and modernity.【Exercises】E. Translate the sentences into English with the patterns given.1. 信息技术对人们的生活有很大的影响。( have a huge impact on) 2. 这个展览会以展出当代艺

50、术家的油画为特色。(feature) 3. 我国正在采取很多措施来缩短贫富差距。(bridge the gap between rich and poor)4. 他拒绝晚下班可以理解为他对公司缺乏忠诚( be interpreted as)。Lesson 4动词：maintain 维持;保持;维修;供养;主张 omit【同】leave out忽略;遗漏recall 记起；回忆起;使想起；召回neglect疏忽；忽视 propose 提议，建议 qualify (使)具备资格；（使)合格release释放；解放;发表;发行;放映relieve减轻(病痛、忧虑、负担等），缓解；救济，救助【联】“

51、v. (ieve) ”变成“ n. (ief)”: believe ( vi & vt.相信）belief ( n.信仰）；relieve ( vt.减轻）relief ( n.减轻）；thief ( n.偷） thieve (vi.偷）名词：loan贷款 location位置，场所，地点margin页边的空白；边缘；（时间、金额等的）富余 membership成员人数;成员资格migration迁移;迁居;迁徙misery痛苦;穷困;悲惨(的生活）mood心情，情绪;语气;状态mug大杯;缸子mystery神秘；神秘的事物【联】mysterious(a.神秘的;难以解释的）nonse

52、nse谬论；胡扯；冒失；毫无意义的话objective目标a.客观的，公正的;真实的 muscle肌肉occasion场合；时机；机会 opportunity机会；时机opposition (to)(强烈的）反对，反抗；对手；对立的事物option【同】alternative选择;可供选择的事物oven烤箱，烤炉;灶panel镶板，嵌板；仪表板 pants (p/.)内裤；短裤 peak顶峰;顶点；山顶，山峰penalty惩罚，处罚；罚款 philosophy哲学，哲学体系 pizza比萨饼；意大利饼player 运动员；玩家poetry 诗，诗歌poverty 贫穷，贫困；缺少priorit

53、y优先事项;最重要的事;优先(权） proof 证明；证据proposal 计划书，方案;提议region 地区；行政区形容词：lost 迷路的;迷失的;丢失的;得不到的;迷惘的 marvelous 极好的；非凡的peak最大值的;高峰的nasty 极差的;令人厌恶的；不友好的；危险的；下流的negative消极的；负面的 military军事的；军用的no way 不可能的;不行 numerous许多的，无数的massive 巨大的;结实的;非常严重的 minor 小的；不很严重的;不很重要的miserable 极不愉快的;痛苦的;使人难受的odd 奇怪的;反常的original【同】cre

54、ative/initial新颖的，别致的，独创的；最初的，原来的overall 总体的，全部的，全面的realistic 现实的，实事求是的副词：overall总体来说moreover【同】in addition/besides/furthermore/what's more而且，此外 nevertheless 然而，不过；尽管如此介词：providing (that)只要；如果regarding prep.关于【联】“v. + -ing = prep./ conj.”: concerning (prep.关于）；considering (prep. 鉴于）；including ( prep.包括）；providing (that) ( conj.只要；如果）；supposing ( conj. 假定）【Exercises】A. Use the verbs listed above to complete the following sentences. Change the form where necessary.1. It s sometimes hard to _ the right balance between your work and your home li