理工B类押题二

1、职称英语模考冲刺班233网校：张可华 2016年职称英语等级考试模拟题二理工类 第1部分：词汇选项（第115题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1. Eventually, she got a job and moved to London.A. Finally   B. Certainly C. Luckily  D. Naturally233网校答案：A 233网校解析：eventua11y 和 finally 同义，都表示 "最后、最终"

2、; 的意思，又如: They met with difficulties and dangers on their way，but eventually they got to the destination. 他们一路上遭遇种种险阻，但最终到这了目的地。luckily 幸运的，certainly 肯定地，naturally自然地。2. A number of theories have been proposed to explain the situation.A. tested     B. used

3、60;C. suggested  D. announced233网校答案： C 233网校解析： propose 和 suggest 是同义词，都是 "建议、提议、提出"的意思，注意用法略有不同，两者后面都可以跟动词的 -ing 形式，但是 propose 后面可以用动词不定式，suggest 则不可以。可以说 We propose have a meeting，但是不可以说 We suggest to have a meeting。test 测试、检验，announce 宣布、公布。3. She can be relied on&#

4、160;in a crisis.A. looked after  B. believed in   C.  depended on D. turned on233网校答案： C 233网校解析： rely on 是个很常用的动词短语，意为"依靠、依赖"，和 depend on 同义。4. We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference.A. offered B. included  C. accepted 

5、  D. investigated  233网校答案： D 233网校解析： explore 是 "探索、探险、摸索" 的意思，investigate 除了常用的"调查"这层意思 外，也具有'探索'这样的意义，本句的意思是:在会议上我们探索了扩充的可能性。5. Greene spent a brief time at Cambridge.A. hard  B. good  C. short    D. 

6、;long233网校答案： C 233网校解析： brief 这个形容词可以解释"简单的"，也有"简短的、短暂的"的意思，如 a brief talk/introduction 简短的谈话/介绍.a brief visit 短暂的访问。6. My doctor said I should vary my diet more.A. prepare              B. cook   

7、60;          C. choose                 D. change233网校答案： D 233网校解析： vary 解释 "变化、改变"，故用 change 替换。本句的意思是: 我的医生说我的饮食应该更多样化。又如: The prices for computers vary a lot from shop

8、 to shop. 电脑的价格每家商店的差别很大。7. Things have changed a lot since I was a child.A. graduallyB. suddenly       C. frequently     D. greatly233网校答案： D 233网校解析： a lot 这里做程度状语，表示 "很大、很多"，故应用 greatly 替换，又如:He always talks a lot when others are all qui

9、et. 别人都不说话时，他总是高谈阔论。8. The book took ten years thorough research.A. careful                B. basic               C. social   

10、;        D. major233网校答案： A 233网校解析： thorough 的意思是"彻底的、透彻的"，thorough research 则是 "深入透彻的研究" ， 故可以用 careful research 来替代。basic 基础的，major 主要的，social 社会的。9. The love of money is the root of all evil.A. cause B. result    C.

11、end   D. force233网校答案： A 233网校解析：这句话就是我们常说的: 金钱是万恶之源。汉语里说"根源"，"根"和"源"是同义的，和英语里的 "roof" 和 "cause" 恰好分别对应。10. The high-speed trains can have major impact on our livesA. effort  B. influence   C. problem  D. conce

12、rn233网校答案： B 233网校解析： impact 和 influence 是同义词，也解释 "影响"，又如: the impact of modern technology on interpersonal relationships 现代技术对人际关系带来的影响。11. They converted the spare bedroom into an office.A. turned   B. reduced C. moved  D. reformed233网校答案： A 233网校解

13、析： convert 的意思是 "改变、转化"。turn 则是具有同样意义的一个更为常用的单词，两者后面都跟 into 来表示 "变为."， 又如: Solar energy has been successfully converted/turned into mechanical energy. 太阳能被成功地转化成机械能。The priest converted/turned him from a Buddhist into a Christian. 那神父把他从一个佛教徒变成了个基督徒。reduce 减少, reform， 改造。12. The

14、test produced disappointing results.A. unsatisfactory  B. indirect  C. similar  D. positive233网校答案： A 233网校解析： disappointing 是动词 disappoint 的 -ing 分词形式，意思是 "令人失望的"，自然和 unsatisfactory "令人不满意的"同义。indirect 间接的，positive 正面的，肯定的。13. His long-term

15、0;goal is to set up his own business.A. idea B. energy C. aim D. order233网校答案： C 233网校解析： goal 是 "目标"的意思，和aim 同义。idea 是"想法"的意思。14. Marsha confessed that she know nothing of computer.A. reported      B. hoped    

16、0;   C. answered       D. admitted233网校答案： D 233网校解析： confess 这个动词是 "坦白、交代、承认" 的意思，admit 也是"承认" 的意思，两个词后面都可以跟用 that 引导的宾语从句，在这个句子里可以换用15. His shoes were shined to perfection.A. cleared B. polished C. washed D. mended233网校答案： B 233网校解析： shin

17、e 这个动词通常用于表示 "发亮、发光"的意思，如: The sun is shining。但是如果和皮鞋一起用，那就是 "擦皮鞋、把皮鞋擦亮"的意思了。本句的意思是: 他的皮鞋擦得一尘不染。polish 具有"把擦亮、磨光" 的意思，clear 和 shoes 一起用的话便是"把鞋子移开"的意思了，wash 则是用水洗，mend 是修补的意思。第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信

18、息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。Lakes, Too, Feel Global Warming1.1 There's no doubt: In the last few decades, the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it has been in hundreds of years. Around the world, people are starting to measure the effects of global warming-and trying to figure out

19、what to do about it.2.1 Scientist recently used satellites to study the temperatures of lakes around the world and they found that lakes are heating up. Between 1985 and 2009, satellites recorded the nighttime temperatures of the surfaces of 167 lakes. During those 24 years, the lakes got warmer-by

20、an average of about 0.045 degree Celsius per year.3.1 In some places, lakes have been warming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year. At that rate, a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius in just 10 years. That difference may seem small-you might not even notice it in your bath. But in a lake,

21、slightly warmer temperatures could mean more algae （水藻）, and algae can make the lake poisonous （有毒的） to fish.4.1 The study shows that in some regions, lakes are warming faster than the air around them. This is important because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how Earth

22、is warming. By using lake temperatures as well, scientists can get a better picture of global warming. The scientists say data on lakes give scientists a new way to measure the impact of climate change around the world.5.1 That's going to be useful, since no country is too big or too small to ig

23、nore climate changes. Scientists aren't the only ones concerned. Everyone who lives on Earth is going to be affected by the rapid warming of the planet. Many world leaders believe we might be able to do something about it, especially by reducing the amount of greenhouse（温室）gases we put into the

24、air.6.1 That's why the United Nations started the Framework Convention on Climate Change, or UNFCCC. Every year the convention meets, and representatives from countries around the world gather to talk about climate change and discuss global solutions to the challenges of a warming world.16. Scie

25、ntists have been keeping records of lake temperatures for over 30 years.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned233网校答案： B 233网校解析：文中第二段提到科学家在 1985 到 2009年的24年间不断地测量湖泊的夜间温度。然 而，题干认为科学家对湖泊温度的测量超过 30 年，与文章本意不符。17. The temperatures of lakes around the world have increased greatly between 1985 and 2009.A. Rig

26、ht B. Wrong C. Not mentioned233网校答案： B 233网校解析：文中第二段最后两句话提到科学家连续 24年测量了世界上 167个湖泊的夜间温度。测量的结果是这些湖泊的温度每年增长 0.045 度。题干中认为的"世界的湖泊温度大幅增 长"的表达不符合文章本意。18. Lakes seem to be warming faster in Asia.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned233网校答案： C 233网校解析：文章第三段第一句话只提到了有些地方湖泊的温度增长可以每年达到O. 1 摄氏度，但并没有说是亚洲湖泊

27、，因此本题的答案应是选项 C，"没有提及"。19. A slight temperature increase in a lake could be harmful for fish.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned233网校答案： A 233网校解析：文章第三段最后一句话提到"一个湖泊水温的轻微升高都会导致水藻增多，并且水 藻使得湖泊有毒而不适合鱼类生存"，因此本文题干表达的意思符合文章本意，选择答案A。20. Scientists generally focus on air temperatures when s

28、tudying global warming.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned233网校答案： A 233网校解析：文章第四段第二句话提到"科学家经常使用对空气温度的测量值来研究地球变暖的情况"，因此题干表达的意思与文章本意相符。答案为 A。21. Global warming is less threatening to small countries.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned233网校答案： B 233网校解析：文章第五段第一句话提到"世界上没有哪个国家会很大或很小以至于不用关注气

29、候 的变化"，因此，题干中提到的"一些小国家受到气候变暖的威胁比较小"与文章本意不符。答案为B。22. UNFCCC's annual meeting will be held in Mexico this year.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned233网校答案： C 233网校解析：文章最后一段提到了"联合国气候变化框架公约"的年会，但是没有提到今年的会议在墨西哥举行，所以题干中提到的信息在文中没有显示。答案为 C。第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，每题1分，共8分） 下面的短文后有2项

30、测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第14段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。 Hurricane1.1 A hurricane (飓风) is a tropical storm with winds that have reached a constant speed of 74 miles per hour. Hurricane winds blow in a large spiral (螺旋) around a relative calm center know as the "eye". The

31、 "eye" is generally 20 to 30 miles wide, and the storm may extend outward 400 miles. As a hurricane nears land, it can bring heavy rains, high winds, and storms (风暴潮). The storm surges and heavy rains can lead to flooding.2.1 Hurricanes are given a different label, depending on where they

32、occur. If they begin over the North Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, or the Northeast Pacific Ocean, they are called hurricanes. Similar storms that occur in the Northwest Pacific Ocean west of the International Date Line are called typhoon. Near Australia and in the India Ocea

33、n, they are referred to as tropical cyclones (龙卷风).3.1 When a hurricane hits land, it can do great damage through its fierce winds, heavy rains, inland (内陆的) flooding, and huge waves crashing on to the shore. During a hurricane, homes, businesses, and public buildings may be damaged or destroyed; ro

34、ad and bridges can be washed away. A powerful hurricane can kill more people and destroy more property than any other natural disaster. Fishermen are at special risk from hurricanes as they may be at sea when a hurricane arrives and not be able to get to a safe harbour if they do not receive adequat

35、e warning.4.1 If a hurricane is coming in your area, the most important thing is to stay calm and find shelter immediately. Go to your safe room. If you do not have one, stay indoors during the hurricane and go to a safer place near the center of your home. Cover yourself with a blanket and be sure

36、to keep away from windows and glass doors, because if the glass breaks it's really dangerous. Do not be fooled if there is a lull (暂停); it could be the eye of the stormwinds will pick up again.23. Paragraph 1 C. What is a hurricane?233网校解析：文章第一段的第一句话给出了飓风的简单定义，第二、三句话介绍了飓风眼，第四、 五句话介绍了腿风到达大陆时给人们生活

37、带来的危害，所以本段主要是对飓风的定义。所以答案为 C"什么是飓风？"。24. Paragraph 2B. What are different names of hurricanes?233网校解析：本段中，作者介绍了由于出现的地点不一样，腿风具有不同的称号：飓风、台风和龙卷风。可以看出，本段是在讲述飓风不同的名字，因此答案为 B。25. Paragraph 3D. What damages can a hurricane cause?233网校解析：本段中，作者在第一句中介绍了当飓风登陆后，给大陆带来的是强风、暴雨。内陆地区的洪水以及冲击海岸的海浪。第二句话中，作者介绍

38、了在腿风可以破坏住宅、办公及公共建筑；公路和桥梁也会被冲毁。第三句话中，作者提到与其他自然灾害相比，飓风会使更多的人丧生，造成更多的财产损失。第四句话中，作者提到，飓风来临时，出海的渔民如果没有得到准确的警告，又没能找到安全的避风港，那他们的危险就很大。 由此可知，本段主要讲述的是飓风给人类带来的危害，所以答案为 D“飓风会带来什么危害？”。26. Paragraph 4A. What should you do during a hurricane?233网校解析：本段中，作者在第一句中提到了当飓风来临时，最重要的事情是保持冷静并尽快找 到避难的地方。第二句中，作者提示遇到飓风时，你应该待在

39、安全密室里。接着作者提示，如果没有安全密室，就在飓风来临的时候待在家里，并在家里尽量接近中央处找一 个安全的地方。另外，要给自己蒙上一个毯子，并保证远离窗户或玻璃门，因为一旦玻璃破碎，那将很危险。最后，作者提到在飓风暂停的时候，不要认为那是飓风停止了，那有可能是飓风眼一一风会重新再来。由此可知，本段主要讲述了当飓风来临的时候，人们应该如何做，所以答案为 A "在飓风来临的时候，你应该做什么？"。A. What should you do during a hurricane?B. What are different names of hurricanes?C. What

40、is a hurricane?D. What damages can a hurricane cause?E. How do you know a hurricane is coming.F. Where do hurricanes usually happen?27. Depending on where the occur, hurricanes have F. different labels.233网校解析：第二段第一句话，作者介绍了由于跑风发生的地点不一样而会有不同的名字，所以答 案为 F"不同的称号"。28. A powerful hurricane may b

41、ecome the most destructive B. natural disaster.233网校解析：在第三段第三句话中，作者提到强有力的飓风对人类和财产的破坏比其他自然灾难更大，因此本题答案应为 B"自然灾难"。29. When a hurricane arrives, fishermen are in great danger if they are at sea and do not get C. early warning .233网校解析：在第三段最后一句话中，作者提到飓风来临时，出海的渔民如果没有得到准确的警告，又没能找到安全的避风港，那他们的危险就很大

42、。由此可知，本题答案为 C"提前的警告"。30. During a hurricane one should stay away from D. windows and glass doors .233网校解析：在第四段第四句话中，作者提醒读者在腿风来临的时候要"远离窗户或玻璃门，因为一旦玻璃破碎那将很危险"。由此可知，本题答案为D "窗户和玻璃门"。A. inland flooding B. natural disaster C. early warningD. windows and glass doorsE. a constan

43、t speedF. different labels第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，共45分） 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。第一篇 Weaving With Light1.1 In the Sierra Madre mountain range of west central Mexico，the native Huichol people live much the way their ancestors didwithout electricityThat's because it's too expensive

44、to string power lines to the remote mountain areas where they liveTo help support themselves，the Huichol create beautiful artworkThey sell their art in cities hundreds of miles away from their villagesAnd without electricityat home or on the road，they can only work during daylight hours. When it get

45、s dark，they must stop whatever they're doing2.1 Now，a team of scientists，designers，and architects is using new technologies to provide the Huichol with light after the sun setsThe scientists' technique involves weaving tiny electronic crystals into fabrics that can be made into clothes，bags，

46、or other items3.1 By collecting the suns energy during the day，these lightweight fabrics provide bright white light at nightTheir inventors have named the fabrics“ Portable （轻便的）Lights”Portable Lights have the potential to transform the lives of people without electricity around the world，says proje

47、ct leader Sheila Kennedy4.1 “Our invention，”Kennedy says，“came from seeing how we could transform technology we saw every day in the United States and move it into new markets for people who didn't have a lot of money"5.1 At the core of Portable Light technology are devices called high-brig

48、htness light-emitting diodes （高亮度发光二极管），or HB LEDs. These tiny lights appear in digital clocks，televisions，and streetlights6.1 LEDs are completely different from the light bulbs （灯泡）Most of those glass bulbs belong to a type called incandescent lights （白炽灯）Inside，electricity heats a metal coil （线圈）

49、to about 2，200 degrees CelsiusAt that temperature，bulbs give off light we can seeNinety percent of energy produced by incandescent lights，however，is heatand invisible. With all that wasted energy，bulbs bum out quicklyThey are also easily broken7.1 LEDs，on the other hand，are like tiny pieces of rock

50、made up of molecules （分子）that are arranged in a crystal structureWhen an electric current passes through an LED，the crystal structure produces lightUnlike incandescent bulbs，they can produce light of various colorsWithin an LED，the type of molecules and their particular arrangement determines what c

51、olor is produced31. The Huichol don't use electricity becauseA. it is too difficult for them to change their lifestyleB. they know nothing about itC. it costs too much to string power linesD. they don't need it233网校答案：C 233网校解析：文章第一段第二句提到"That's because it's too expensive to str

52、ing power lines to the remote mountain areas where they live"，说明因为架电线对于墨西哥的维乔人太昂贵了，所以他们没有使用电。答案为 C。32To make a living，the Huichol create artwork andAsell it in cities far away from their villagesBsell it to tourists in their villages.Cdisplay it in their village museumDkeep it in their homes to

53、 attract tourists233网校答案： A 233网校解析：文章第一段第四句提到 "They sell their art in cities hundreds of miles away from their villages" ，即"他们将他们的艺术品卖到距村庄几百里之外的城市"。答案为 A。33The central part of the Portable Lights technology isAGlass BulbsBHB LEDs.Cdigital clocks.Dincandescent lights233网校答案： B 23

54、3网校解析：文章第四段第一句话提到 "At the core of Portable Lights technology are devices called high-brightness light-emitting diodes, or HB LEDs"，所以可知这种移动灯的核心技术是高 亮度发光二极管，或简称 HB LEDs。答案为 B。34. All of the following are disadvantage of incandescent lights EXPECTA. they burn out quicklyB. they are easily br

55、okenC. they are not bright enough.D. they waste most of the energy produced233网校答案： C 233网校解析：文章第五段最后几句话 "Ninety percent of energy produced by incandescent lights，however, is heat-and invisible. With all that wasted energy, bulbs burn out quickly. They are also easily broken"，说明"白炽灯产生

56、的90% 的能量都是热量，而热量是不可见的。 并且由于浪费了很多能量，白炽灯消耗能量的速度很快。另外白炽灯很容易被损坏"。文章没有提到"灯光亮度不够"，所以答案为 C。35LEDs are different from light bulbs in thatALEDs can send out light of different colors.BLEDs are made up of tiny pieces of rock.CLEDs belong to incandescent lights.DLEDs look like crystals.233网校答案：

57、A 233网校解析：文章最后一段的第三句话提到"Unlike incandescent bulbs, they can produce light ofvarious colors"，说明"与白炽灯不同，他们可以产生各种各样的颜色"，所以答案为 A。第二篇 The book of life 1.1 So far, scientists have named about 1.8 million living species（物种）, and that's a just a small part of what probably exists on

58、Earth. With so many plants, animals, and other creatures coveting the planet, it can be tough to figure out what type of spider is moving up your leg or what kind of bird is flying by. 2.1 A soon-to-be-started Web site might help. An international team of researchers has announced the creation of We

59、b-based Encyclopedia （百科全书） of life (EOL). The project aims to catalog every species on Earth in a single, easy-to-use reference guide. 3.1 To get the encyclopedia started, the creators will use information from scientific databases （数据库） that already exist. And eventually, in special sections of th

60、e site, nonscientist with specialized （专门的） knowledge will get to join in. Bird-watchers, for example, will be able to input which birds they've seen and where. The technology for this kind of tool has only become available. 4.1 As the EOL develops, you might find it useful for school projects.

61、The site will feature special pages for kids who are studying ecosystems (生态系统) in their neighborhoods. To make sure the encyclopedia is accurate, scientists will review much of the information added to it. People who visit the site will be able to choose to leave out pages that haven't been rev

62、iewed. 5.1 Another convenient feature of the EOL is that you'll be able to pick the level of detail you want to see to match your interest, age, and knowledge. If you wanted to learn about bears for a science class report, for example, you could use the "novice" setting to get basic information about the animals. On th